Pediatrik Benign Boyun Kitlelerinde Ultrasonografik Görüntüleme
Özet
Boyun kitleleri pediatrik popülasyonda sıklıkla karşılaşılan bir durumdur ve ilgili klinisyenler için tanısal bir ikilem oluşturabilir. Çocuklarda boyun kitlelerinin alt gruplara ayrılmasının birkaç yolu vardır; örneğin, başlangıç yaşı, boyundaki kompartmanlar ve fasyalar gibi anatomik yerleşim, klasik görüntüleme bulguları veya etiyolojiye göre sınıflandırma. Çocuklarda görüntüleme yapılırken klinisyenler radyasyon maruziyetinin farkında olmalıdır ve bu nedenle genellikle ilk olarak ultrasonografi (USG) tercih edilmelidir. Kesitsel görüntüleme, özellikle hava yolu obstrüksiyonu gibi daha akut durumlarda hastanın değerlendirilmesinde BT’nin özellikle faydalı olmasıyla birlikte, problem çözmede yardımcı olabilir. Bu bölümde tiroglossal kanal kisti, brankial kleft kisti, kistik higroma, dermoid kist, timik kist ve ektopik timus gibi konjenital ve gelişimsel patolojilerin; hemanjiomlar ve vasküler malformasyonlar, pilomatriksoma, şvannom, nörofibrom gibi neoplastik lezyonların; lenfadenit, retrofaringeal ve peritonsiller apse, siyaladenit gibi enfeksiyöz nedenli boyun kitlelerinin; ve ranula, sternokleidomastoid fibromatozis koli ve guatr olmak üzere diğer çeşitli lezyonların ultrasonografik bulguları açıklanmaktadır.
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