Kidney Health in a Warming World: The Impact of Climate Change on Renal Function
Özet
Küresel ısınma, hem doğrudan hem de dolaylı mekanizmalar yoluyla böbrek sağlığının önemli bir belirleyicisi haline gelmiştir. Yükselen ortam sıcaklıkları ve tekrarlayan sıcak hava dalgaları dehidratasyonu, hiperozmolariteyi ve ısı stresini artırarak tekrarlayan akut böbrek hasarı ataklarına yol açmakta ve özellikle açık havada çalışanlar arasında kronik böbrek hastalığına katkıda bulunmaktadır. Sıtma, dang humması, leptospiroz ve leishmaniasis gibi iklime duyarlı bulaşıcı hastalıklar, değişen vektör dinamikleriyle birlikte yaygınlaşmakta ve hemoliz, inflamasyon, damar sızıntısı ve tübülointerstisyel hasar yoluyla böbrek hasarına neden olmaktadır. Daha yüksek sıcaklıklar, idrar hacmini azaltarak ve çözünen aşırı doygunluğu artırarak nefrolitiyazis riskini artırmaktadır. Çevresel kirleticiler böbrek hassasiyetini daha da artırmaktadır. İnce partikül madde (PM2.5) ve gaz halindeki kirleticiler, oksidatif stres ve damar hasarı yoluyla KBH ilerlemesini hızlandırırken, ağır metaller (arsenik, kurşun, cıva ve kadmiyum) toprakta ve suda birikerek oksidatif hasar ve tübüler hasar yoluyla nefrotoksisiteye neden olmaktadır. Genel olarak, iklim değişikliği böbrek fonksiyonları için küresel bir tehdit oluşturmaktadır. Etkili bir azaltma, sera gazı emisyonlarının azaltılmasını, mesleki korumaların iyileştirilmesini, su güvenliğinin artırılmasını ve halk sağlığı sistemlerinin güçlendirilmesini gerektirmektedir.
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