Dental Seramikler
Özet
Seramikler, metal ve ametal elementlerin birleşimiyle oluşan, sert, ısıya ve kimyasallara karşı dayanıklı, kristal yapılı inorganik malzemelerdir. Dental seramikler, diş restorasyonlarında estetik, fonksiyon ve biyouyumluk gibi özellikleriyle öne çıkar. Genellikle feldspat, kuartz ve kaolin gibi bileşenlerden oluşurlar. Feldspat translusentlik sağlar, kuartz dayanıklılığı artırır, kaolin ise bağlayıcılık ve şekil vericilik görevini üstlenir.
Dental seramikler basınca karşı yüksek dirençli, çekme kuvvetlerine karşı ise kırılgandır. Mikro çatlaklar "Griffith çatlakları" olarak tanımlanır ve bu çatlakların ilerlemesi kırılmalara yol açabilir. Kristal oranı arttıkça bu çatlaklar daha zor yayılır, bu da seramiğin dayanıklılığını artırır.
Isıya karşı düşük iletkenliğe sahip olan seramikler, ağız içi sıcaklık değişimlerinden etkilenebilir. Termal genleşme farkları restorasyonlarda stres oluşturarak çatlama riskini artırabilir. Optik olarak ise, tam seramikler metal destekli seramiklerden daha iyi ışık geçirir ve daha doğal görünüm sunar.
Bu çalışmada dental seramikler ve kullanım alanları ile ilgili bilgi verilmiştir.
Referanslar
Pekdemir AD. Teknik Seramikler. 2019.
Miara P, Touati B, Nathanson D, Giordano R. Esthetic dentistry and ceramic restorations. CRC Press; 293–314, 1998.
Kelly JR, Nishimura I, Campbell SD. Ceramics in dentistry: historical roots and current perspectives. J Prosthet Dent 1996;75(1):18-32.
Von Fraunhofer JA. Dental materials at a glance. John Wiley & Sons; 2013: 243-244.
Shenoy A, Shenoy N. Dental ceramics: An update. J Conserv Dent JCD. 2010;13(4):195.
Babu PJ, Alla RK, Alluri VR, Datla SR, Konakanchi A. Dental ceramics: Part I–An overview of composition, structure and properties. Am J Mater Eng Technol. 2015;3(1):13–18.
Kümbüloğlu, Ö. Diş Hekimliğinde Kullanılan Materyallerin Mekanik Özellikleri. Türkiye Klinikler Prosthodont-Special Topics, 2017:196-202.
Esquivel-Upshaw J, Rose V, Oliveira E, et al. Controlled Clinical Trial of Bilayer Ceramic and Metal-Ceramic Crown Performance. J Prosthodont 2013;22(3):166-173.
Anusavice KJ, Shen C, Rawls HR. Phillips’ science of dental materials. Elsevier Health Sciences; , 2012: 418-424.
White SN, Zhao XY, Zhaokun Y, Li ZC. Cyclic mechanical fatigue of a feldspathic dental porcelain. Int J Prosthodont 1995 ;8(5):413- 20.
Ku CW, Park SW, Yang HS. Comparison of fracture strengths of crowns. J Prosthet Dent 2002;88(2):170–5.
Della Bona A. Bonding to ceramics: scientific evidences for clinical dentistry. Artes Medicas; 2009: 252.
Toparli M, Sasaki S. Finite element analysis of the temperature and thermal stress in a postrestored tooth. J Oral Rehabil 2003;30(9):921–926.
Kramer N, et al. Ceramic inlays bonded with two adhesives after 4 years. Dent Mater 2006;22(1):13–21.
De Souza G, Braga RR, Cesar PF, Lopes GC. Correlation between clinical performance and degree of conversion of resin cements: a literature review. Appl Oral Sci 2015;23(4):358-368.
JA, Miller RB. The effect of core translucency on the aesthetics of all-ceramic restorations. Pract Periodontics Aesthet Dent 1997;9: (5):567-574.
Tuncel, İ., & Turp, I. (2017). Farklı İçerik ve Kalıntılıktaki Tam Seramik Restorasyonların Translüsentlik Değerlerinin Karşılaştırılması. Atatürk Üniv. Diş Hek. Fak. Dergisi, 124–130.
Schmalz G, Arenholt-Bindslev D. Biocompatibility of Dental Materials. Springer; 2009.
Wataha JC. Predicting clinical biological responses to dental materials. Dent Mater 2012;28(1):23–40.
Gracis S, Thompson V P, Ferencz J L, Silva N R F A, Bonfante E A. A new classification system for allceramic and ceramic-like restorative materials. Int J Prosthodont 2015; 28: 227 235.
Warreth, A., & Elkareimi, Y. (2020). All-ceramic restorations: A review of the literature. Saudi Dental Journal, 2020 ;32(8):365–372.
Reich S, Hornberger H. Multicolored ceramics effect on esthetics. J Prosthet Dent. 2002; 88 (1): 44–9.
Conrad HJ, et al. Current ceramic materials and systems. J Prosthet Dent 2007;98(5):389–404.
Griggs JA. Recent advances in materials for all-ceramic restorations. Dent Clin North Am 2007;51(3):713–727.
Wildgoose DG, et al. Historical literature review: ceramics in dentistry. J Prosthet Dent 2004;91(2):136–143.
McLean JW. New dental ceramics and esthetics. J Esthet Dent 1995;7(4):141–9.
Kelly JR, Benetti P. Ceramic Materials in Dentistry: Historical Evaluation and Current Practice. Aust Dent J. 2011;56(suppl 1):84–96.
Rosenblum MA, Schulman A. Review of all-ceramic restorations. J Am Dent Assoc 1997;128(3):297–307.
Chevalier JG, et al. Zirconia transformation trends. J Am Ceram Soc. 2009.
Sriamporn T, et al. Etching dental zirconia. Dent Mater J. 2014;33(1):79–85.
Guess PC, et al. All-ceramic systems: lab and clinical. Dent Clin North Am 2011;55(2):333–352.
Santos MJ, Costa MD, Rubo JH, Pegoraro LF, Santos GC. Current all-ceramic systems in dentistry: a review. Compend Contin Educ Dent 2015;36(1):31-7.
Rezaie HR, et al. A Review on Dental Materials. Springer Nature, 2020.
Giordano R, McLaren EA. Ceramics overview: classification and processing. Compend Contin Educ Dent 2010;31(9):682–4,686,688
Ural Ç, Kaleli N. (2017).Diş Hekimliğinde Kullanılan Güncel Porselenler ve Farklı Sınıflamaları. Türkiye Klinikleri J Prosthodont-Special Topics, 151–163.
Drago CJ, Peterson T. Treatment with CAD/CAM: clinical report. J Prosthodont 2007;16(3):200–8.
Talibi M, et al. Do you know your ceramics? Part 1: classification. Br Dent J, 2022.
İşisağ Ö, Şahin O, Köroğlu A. (2016). Diş Hekimliğinde Tam Seramik Sistemler. Dental Sciences.
Küçükeşmen, H. C. (2011). Porselen İnley-Onleyler. Turkiye Klinikleri J Dental Sci Special Topics, 22-28.
Gemalmaz D. Use of leucite-reinforced ceramic. J Prosthet Dent 2002;87(2):133–5.
Peumans M, Van Meerbeek B, Lambrechts P, Vuylsteke-Wauters M, Vanherle G. Five year clinical performance of porcelain veneers. Quintessence International 1998;29(4):211-21.
Halaçoğlu D. M. (2017). İndirekt Estetik Restorasyonlar. Türkiye Klinikleri J Restor Dent-Special Topics, 76–83.
Fradeani M, et al. Porcelain laminate veneers: 6–12 year eval. Int J Periodontics Restor Dent 2005;25(1):9–17.
Hankinson JA, Cappetta EG. Five years clinical experience with a leucite experience with a leucite- reinforced porcelain crown system. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 1994;14(2):138-53.
Selçukbiricik, S. Tam Vener Kuronlar için Diş Preperasyonu. Protetik Diş Tedavisi, s.75–79.
Marquardt P, Strub JR. IPS empress 2: 5-year study. Quintessence Int 2006;37(4):253–9.
Fradeani M, et al. Procera crowns: 5-year follow-up. Quintessence Int 2005;36(2):105–13.
Ersoy, A. E. (2015). Tam Seramik Restorasyonlar.Diş Hekimliğinde Sabit Protezler içinde, s.129–142.
Özkurt Z, Kazazoğlu E. Zirconia dental implants: review. J Oral Implantol 2011;37(3):367–76.
Boening KW, et al. Clinical fit of Procera AllCeram crowns. J Prosthet Dent 2000;84(4):419–24.
Ardlin BI. Transformation-toughened zirconia: flexural strength and aging. Dent Mater 2002;18(8):590–5.
Scarano A, et al. Bone response to zirconia implants. J Oral Implantology 2003;29(1):8–12.
Saldana JM, Ramirez H, Vigueras DJ, Iga T, Schneider GA. Mechanical properties and lowtemperature aging of tetragonal zirconia polycrystals processed by hot isostatic pressing. J Mater Res 2003;18
Mormann WH, Bindl A. Chair-side CAD/CAM restorations. Dent Clin North Am 2002;46(2):405–26.
Öngül, D. (2017). Dental İmplantlar ve Zirkonya. Türkiye Klinikleri J Prosthodont Special Topics, 120–126.
Bahsi E, et al. Fracture resistance of core materials. Int Dent Med Res. 2012;5(2):85–90.
ottl P, Hahn l, lauer Hch, Fay M. Fracture characteristics of carbon fibre, ceramic and non-palladium endodontic post systems at monotonously increasing loads. J oral Rehabil. 2002;29(2):175-83.
Bitter K, et al. Pushout bond strengths of luting agents. J Prosthet Dent. 2006;95(4):302–10.
Koutayas SO, Kern M. All-ceramic posts and cores. Quintessence Int. 1999;30(6):383–92.
