Mikro-Bilgisayarlı Tomografi ve Diş Hekimliğinde Kullanım Alanları
Özet
Mikro-bilgisayarlı tomografi (mikro-CT), yüksek çözünürlüklü üç boyutlu görüntüleme sağlayan non- invaziv bir yöntemdir. Konvansiyonel bilgisayarlı tomografiye kıyasla çok daha küçük voksel boyutlarıyla çalışarak mikro düzeyde ayrıntılı yapısal incelemelere olanak tanır. Çalışma prensibi; X-ışını kaynağı, dedektör, döner platform ve bilgisayar sisteminden oluşur. Elde edilen görüntüler yeniden yapılandırılarak (rekonstrüksiyon) üç boyutlu modeller oluşturulur. Mikro-CT’nin en önemli avantajları, örneklerin zarar görmeden incelenebilmesi, yüksek çözünürlük sağlaması ve farklı yoğunluktaki dokuların ayırt edilebilmesidir. Ancak yüksek radyasyon dozu, yumuşak doku kontrastının düşük olması ve artefaktlar dezavantajları arasındadır. Mikro-CT; arkeoloji, jeoloji, adli tıp, farmakoloji, biyomedikal ve doku mühendisliği gibi birçok alanda kullanılmaktadır. Diş hekimliğinde ise özellikle son yıllarda ağız, diş ve çene cerrahisinde kemik rejenerasyonu ve implant analizlerinde kullanılırken restoratif alanda mikrosızıntı ve remineralizasyon incelemelerinde; endodontide kök kanal morfolojisi; ortodontide braket yapılarının ve pedodontide süt dişlerinin mineral yapısının incelenmesinde kullanılır. Protetik alanda sabit restorasyonların marjinal ve internal uyumunun değerlendirilmesinde, monolitik zirkonya kuronların antagonist dişlerde oluşturduğu aşınmaların incelenmesinde kullanılmaktadır. Tüm bu özellikleri sayesinde mikro-CT, günümüzde diş hekimliğinde önemli tanı ve araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olarak kabul edilmektedir.
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