Gıda Güvencesi
Özet
Bireysel olarak sağlıklı ve yeterli beslenme ihtiyacının karşılanması bir insan hakkıdır. Gıda güvencesi bir toplumun en önemli gerekliliklerinden, stratejik hedeflerinden bir tanesidir. Gıda üretimi ve devamlılığı konusunda toplumların/ülkelerin kendi kendilerine yetebilmeleri o toplumun/ülkenin geleceği için hayati önem taşımaktadır. Gıda güvencesinin sağlanamamasının mahsul üretimi, iklim değişimi, çevresel bozulma, hayvan sağlığı, bitki sağlığı, pestler, gıda dağıtımı ve lojistiği ile doğal kaynakların tükenmesi gibi çok çeşitli nedenleri bulunmaktadır. Gıda güvencesinin sağlanamaması gelişmiş ülkelerde bazı bölgeler ve toplumsal gruplar dahil olmak üzere gelişmekte olan toplumların/ülkelerin en önemli ve hayati sorunlarından bir tanesi olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Gıda güvencesinde şekillenen yetersizlikler toplumlarda çok ciddi sosyo-ekonomik bozulmalara, kişilerde yetersiz beslenme kaynaklı sağlık problemlerine neden olarak insan refahını, yaşam standartlarını ve üretkenliğini düşürmektedir. Genel anlamda gıda güvencesi ancak küresel bir yaklaşımla, devletlerin ve uluslararası organizasyonların destekleriyle sağlanabilir. Diğer taraftan yerel ölçütlerde, üretim serbestliğinin sağlanması, tarımsal ve hayvansal üretimin arttırılması, lokal ticaretin güçlendirilmesi, lojistik imkanlarının geliştirilmesi, gıda atık ve kayıplarının önlenmesi, kişilerin alım gücünün iyileştirilmesi, üretimin yetkili otorite ve ilgili ulusal kuruluşlar tarafından desteklenmesi, gerekli teknolojik ve bilimsel katkının yapılması gibi çeşitli uygulamalarla desteklenebilir.
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