Gıda Kaynaklı Parazitler
Özet
Gıda kaynaklı paraziter enfeksiyonlar hem gelişmiş hem de gelişmekte olan ülkelerde halk sağlığı, gıda güvenliği ve veteriner sağlık hizmetleri açısından önemli bir tehdit oluşturmaktadır. Parazitlerin çiğ veya az pişmiş et, balık, su ürünleri, sebze ve meyve gibi çeşitli gıdalar aracılığıyla bulaşması, küresel gıda ticaretinin artması, iklim değişikliği ve kültürel tüketim alışkanlıklarının sürdürülmesi gibi çok boyutlu faktörlerle yakından ilişkilidir. Protozoonlar, trematodlar, sestodlar ve nematodlar gibi parazit grupları, zoonotik potansiyelleri nedeniyle sadece insan sağlığını değil, aynı zamanda hayvansal üretim sistemlerini ve ekonomik sürdürülebilirliği de etkilemektedir. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (WHO) ve Gıda ve Tarım Örgütü (FAO) tarafından yüksek öncelikli gıda kaynaklı parazitler listesi oluşturulmuş; bu parazitlerin kontrol altına alınması için risk analizine dayalı, çok disiplinli ve bütüncül yaklaşımların gerekliliği vurgulanmıştır. Bu bölümde, gıda kaynaklı parazitlerin sınıflandırılması, bulaş yolları, epidemiyolojik özellikleri, halk sağlığına etkileri ve kontrol stratejileri güncel literatür bilgiler ışığında ele alınacak; ayrıca Veteriner Halk Sağlığı çerçevesinde koruyucu yaklaşımlara da yer verilecektir.
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