Maya ve Mantarlar
Özet
Antibiyotiklerin yem katkısı olarak kullanımının yasaklanmasıyla birlikte, maya ve mantarların hayvan sağlığını korumada ve verimliliği artırmada kemoterapötiklere ve farmasötiklere alternatif olabileceği ortaya konmuştur. Yenilebilir ve fermentör olarak iki gruba ayrılan mantarların hayvan beslemede en yaygın kullanılan türleri Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus oryzae, Pleurotus spp., Antrodia ocinnamomea ve Cordyceps militaris’ dir. Maya organizmada bağırsak sağlığını koruma, rumen pH’sını dengeleme, yem sindirilebilirliğini ve besin emilimini artırma, patojen mikroorganizmaların çoğalmasını engelleme gibi faydaları bulunmaktadır. β-glukan ve mannan oligosakkaritler gibi maya hücre duvarı bileşenleri bağışıklık sistemini uyararak immunmodülatör etki göstermektedir. Ruminantlarda maya kullanımı yem tüketimini, süt ve et verimini artırırken; kanatlılarda büyüme performansını, yumurta verimini ve kalite parametrelerini iyileştirmektedir. Evcil hayvanlarda ise sindirilebilirliği artırarak bağırsak mikrobiyotasını düzenler. Metan emisyonunun azaltılması, stres koşullarına karşı direnç, antioksidan kapasitenin yükseltilmesi ve sindirim enzimlerinin aktivasyonunun sağlanması da maya ve mantarların yararlı etkileri arasındadır. Bununla birlikte maya ve mantarların yem katkısı olarak etkinliği; tür, suş, kullanım düzeyi, hayvanın fizyolojisi ve çevresel koşullara bağlıdır. Bu bölümde diyette maya ve/veya mantar kullanımının farklı hayvan türlerinde hayvan sağlığına ve verim performansına etkileri sunulmuştur.
Referanslar
Ahiwe, E. U., Dos Santos, T. T., Graham, H., & Iji, P. A.. Can probiotic or prebiotic yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) serve as alternatives to in-feed antibiotics for healthy or disease-challenged broiler chickens?: a review. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 2021; 30(3), 100164.
Aluwgongo, G. M., Xiao, J., Wu, Z., Li, S., Wang, Y., & Cao, Z.. Utilization of yeast of Saccharomyces cerevisiae origin in artificially raised calves. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology, 2017; 8, 1-12.
Bačėninaitė, D., Džermeikaitė, K., & Antanaitis, R.. Global warming and dairy cattle: How to control and reduce methane emission. Animals, 2022; 12(19), 2687.
Baker, L. M., Kraft, J., Karnezos, T. P., & Greenwood, S. L.. The effects of dietary yeast and yeast-derived extracts on rumen microbiota and their function. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2022; 294, 115476.
Bastos, T. S., Souza, C. M. M., Kaelle, G. C. B., do Nascimento, M. Q., de Oliveira, S. G., & Félix, A. P.. Diet supplemented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae from different fermentation media modulates the faecal microbiota and the intestinal fermentative products in dogs. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 2023; 107, 30-40.
Bilal, R. M., Hassan, F. U., Saeed, M., Rafeeq, M., Zahra, N., Fraz, A., ... & Alagawany, M.. Role of yeast and yeast-derived products as feed additives in broiler nutrition. Animal Biotechnology, 2023; 34(2), 392-401.
Bitencourt, L. L., Silva, J. R. M., Oliveira, B. M. L. D., Dias Júnior, G. S., Lopes, F., Siécola Júnior, S., ... & Pereira, M. N.. Diet digestibility and performance of dairy cows supplemented with live yeast. Scientia Agricola, 2011; 68, 301-307.
Bruno, R. G., Rutigliano, H. M., Cerri, R. L., Robinson, P. H., & Santos, J. E.. Effect of feeding Saccharomyces cerevisiae on performance of dairy cows during summer heat stress. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2009; 150(3-4), 175-186.
Chang, S.C.; Lin, M.J.; Chao, Y.P.; Chiang, C.J.; Jea, Y.S.; Lee, T.T. Effects of spent mushroom compost meal on growth performance and meat characteristics of grower geese. R. Bras. Zootec. 2016; 45, 281–287.
Chuang, W.Y.; Liu, C.L.; Tsai, C.F.; Lin, W.C.; Chang, S.C.; Shih, H.D.; Shy, Y.M.; Lee, T.T. Evaluation of waste mushroom compost as a feed supplement and its effects on the fat metabolism and anti-oxidant capacity of broilers. Animals 2020; 10, 445
Chuang, W. Y., Lin, W. C., Hsieh, Y. C., Huang, C. M., Chang, S. C., & Lee, T. T.. Evaluation of the combined use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus oryzae with phytase fermentation products on growth, inflammatory, and intestinal morphology in broilers. Animals, 2019; 9(12), 1051.
Desnoyer, M., Giger-Reverdin, S., Bertin, G., Duvaux-Ponter, C., Sauvant, D. . Meta-analysis of the influence of Saccharomyces cerevisae supplement on ruminal parameters and milk production of ruminants. Journal of Dairy Science, 2009; 92(4), 1620-1632.
Erasmus, L. J., Botha, P. M., & Kistner, A.. Effect of yeast culture supplement on production, rumen fermentation, and duodenal nitrogen flow in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 1992; 75(11), 3056-3065.
Fathima, S., Shanmugasundaram, R., Sifri, M., & Selvaraj, R.. Yeasts and yeast-based products in poultry nutrition. Journal of Applied Poultry Research,2023; 32(2), 100345.
Feye, K. M., Rubinelli, P. M., Chaney, W. E., Pavlidis, H. O., Kogut, M. H., & Ricke, S. C.. The preliminary development of an in vitro poultry cecal culture model to evaluate the effects of Original XPCTM for the reduction of Campylobacter jejuni and its potential effects on the microbiota. Frontiers in Microbiology, 2020; 10, 3062.
Gao, J., Zhang, H.J., Wu, S.G., Yu, S.H., Yoon, I., Moore, D., Gao, Y.P., Yan, H.J., Qi, G.H.. Effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product on immune functions of broilers challenged with Eimeria tenella. Poultry Science, 2009; 88, 2141–2151.
Guedes, C. M., Gonçalves, D., Rodrigues, M. A. M., & Dias-da-Silva, A.. Effects of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast on ruminal fermentation and fibre degradation of maize silages in cows. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2008;145(1-4), 27-40.
Jyothi, C., Muwel, N., Nayak, S., Khare, A., Sharma, R., Keshri, A., & Tiwari, S.. Anaerobic rumen fungi as a feed additive in ruminants: a review. Journal of Livestock Science (ISSN online 2277-6214), 2024; 15 (1), 78-85.
Knoblock, C. E., Shi, W., Yoon, I., & Oba, M.. Effects of supplementing a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product during the periparturient period on the immune response of dairy cows fed fresh diets differing in starch content. Journal of Dairy Science, 2019; 102(7), 6199-6209.
Koç, F., Samli, H., Okur, A., Ozduven, M., Akyurek, H., & Senkoylu, N.. Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and/or mannanoligosaccharide on performance, blood parameters and intestinal microbiota of broiler chicks. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 2010; 16(5), 643-650.
Lai, L.P.; Lee, M.T.; Chen, C.S.; Yu, B.; Lee, T.T. Effects of co-fermented Pleurotus eryngii stalk residues and soybean hulls by Aureobasidium pullulans on performance and intestinal morphology in broiler chickens. Poultry Science, 2015; 94, 2959–2969.
Lascano, G. J., Heinrichs, A. J., & Tricarico, J. M.. Substitution of starch by soluble fiber and Saccharomyces cerevisiae dose response on nutrient digestion and blood metabolites for precision-fed dairy heifers. Journal of Dairy Science, 2012; 95(6), 3298-3309.
Lee, M.T.; Lin, W.C.; Wang, S.Y.; Lin, L.J.; Yu, B.; Lee, T.T. Evaluation of potential anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Antrodia cinnamomea powder and the underlying molecular mechanisms via Nrf2- and NF-κB-dominated pathways in broiler chickens. Poultry Science, 2018; 97, 2419–2434.
Lee MT, Lin WC, Lin LJ, Wang SY, Chang SC, Lee TT. Effects of dietary Antrodia cinnamomea fermented product supplementation on antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and lipid metabolism in broiler chickens. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2020; 1113-1125
Lila, Z. A., Mohammed, N., Yasui, T., Kurokawa, Y., Kanda, S., & Itabashi, H.. Effects of a twin strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae live cells on mixed ruminal microorganism fermentation in vitro. Journal of Animal Science, 2004; 82(6), 1847-1854.
Lin, W.C.; Lee, M.T.; Lo, C.T.; Chang, S.C.; Lee, T.T. Effects of dietary supplementation of Trichoderma pseudokoningii fermented enzyme powder on growth performance, intestinal morphology, microflora and serum anti-oxidantive status in broiler chickens. Ital. J. Anim. Sci. 2017; 17, 153–164.
Liu, J., Jin, Y., & Yang, J.. Influence of spent ginger yeast cultures on the production performance, egg quality, serum composition, and intestinal microbiota of laying hens. Animal Bioscience, 2022; 35(8), 1205.
Magalhães, V. J. A., Susca, F., Lima, F. S., Branco, A. F., Yoon, I., & Santos, J. E. P.. Effect of feeding yeast culture on performance, health, and immunocompetence of dairy calves. Journal of Dairy Science, 2008; 91(4), 1497-1509.
Majtán, J., Kogan, G., Kováčová, E., Bíliková, K., & Šimúth, J.. Stimulation of TNF-α release by fungal cell wall polysaccharides. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C, 2005; 60(11-12), 921-926.
Malekkhahi, M., Tahmasbi, A. M., Naserian, A. A., Danesh-Mesgaran, M., Kleen, J. L., AlZahal, O., & Ghaffari, M. H. (2016). Effects of supplementation of active dried yeast and malate during sub-acute ruminal acidosis on rumen fermentation, microbial population, selected blood metabolites, and milk production in dairy cows. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2016; 213, 29-43.
Moallem, U., Lehrer, H., Livshitz, L., Zachut, M., & Yakoby, S.. The effects of live yeast supplementation to dairy cows during the hot season on production, feed efficiency, and digestibility. Journal of Dairy Science, 2009; 92(1), 343-351.
Ogbuewu, I. P., Okoro, V. M., Mbajiorgu, E. F., & Mbajiorgu, C. A. (2019). Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and its effect on production indices of livestock and poultry—a review. Comparative Clinical Pathology, 2019; 28, 669-677.
Pais, P., Almeida, V., Yılmaz, M., & Teixeira, M. C.. Saccharomyces boulardii: what makes it tick as successful probiotic?. Journal of Fungi, 2020; 6(2), 78.
Patra, A. K.. The use of live yeast products as microbial feed additives in ruminant nutrition. Asian J. Anim. Vet. Adv., 2012; 7 (5), 366-375
Peng, L., Li, Z. R., Green, R. S., Holzmanr, I. R., & Lin, J.. Butyrate enhances the intestinal barrier by facilitating tight junction assembly via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase in Caco-2 cell monolayers. The Journal of Nutrition, 2009; 139(9),1619-1625.
Perricone, V., Sandrini, S., Irshad, N., Savoini, G., Comi, M., & Agazzi, A.. Yeast-derived products: The role of hydrolyzed yeast and yeast culture in poultry nutrition—A review. Animals, 2022; 12(11), 1426.
Qiu, Q., Zhan, Z., Zhou, Y., Zhang, W., Gu, L., Wang, Q., ... & Li, Y. (2024). Effects of yeast culture on laying performance, antioxidant properties, intestinal morphology, and intestinal flora of laying hens. Antioxidants, 2024; 13(7), 779.
Rubinelli, P., Roto, S., Kim, S. A., Park, S. H., Pavlidis, H. O., McIntyre, D., & Ricke, S. C.. Reduction of Salmonella Typhimurium by fermentation metabolites of Diamond V Original XPC in an in vitro anaerobic mixed chicken cecal culture. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 2016; 3, 83.
Salvati, G. G. S., Júnior, N. M., Melo, A. C. S., Vilela, R. R., Cardoso, F. F., Aronovich, M., ... & Pereira, M. N.. Response of lactating cows to live yeast supplementation during summer. Journal of Dairy Science, 2015; 98(6), 4062-4073.
Sanchez, N. C. B., Young, T. R., Carroll, J. A., Corley, J. R., Rathmann, R. J., & Johnson, B. J.. Yeast cell wall supplementation alters aspects of the physiological and acute phase responses of crossbred heifers to an endotoxin challenge. Innate immunity, 2013; 19(4), 411-419.
Saxena S, Sehgal JP, Puniya AK, Singh K,. Effect of administration of rumen fungi on production performance of lactating buffaloes. Beneficial Microbes 2010; 1(2),183-188.
Soleimanpour Rakhneh, A., Khalaji, S., Yari, M., & Ghabooli, M. (2020). Evaluating the efficacy of plant-specific fungus (Piriformospora indica) rich in mannan oligosaccharides as a microbial feed additive on growth performance, protein digestibility, plasma characteristics, intestinal microflora, and morphology in chicks. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 2020; 48(1), 460-469.
Stercova, E., Kumprechtova, D., Auclair, E., & Novakova, J. (2016). Effects of live yeast dietary supplementation on nutrient digestibility and fecal microflora in beagle dogs. Journal of Animal Science, 2016; 94(7), 2909-2918.
Swain, B. K., Naik, P. K., Chakurkar, E. B., & Singh, N. P.. Effect of probiotic and yeast supplementation on performance, egg quality characteristics and economics of production in Vanaraja layers. Indian Journal of Poultry Science, 2011; 46(3), 313-315.
Thrune, M., Bach, A., Ruiz-Moreno, M., Stern, M. D., & Linn, J. G.. Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on ruminal pH and microbial fermentation in dairy cows: Yeast supplementation on rumen fermentation. Livestock Science, 2009; 124(1-3), 261-265.
Tripathi, M. K., & Karim, S. A.. Effect of yeast cultures supplementation on live weight change, rumen fermentation, ciliate protozoa population, microbial hydrolytic enzymes status and slaughtering performance of growing lamb. Livestock Science, 2011; 135(1), 17-25.
Vohra, A., Syal, P., & Madan, A. (2016). Probiotic yeasts in livestock sector. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2016; 219, 31-47.
Wang, C.C.; Lin, L.J.; Chao, Y.P.; Chiang, C.J.; Lee, M.T.; Chang, S.C.; Yu, B.; Lee, T.T. Anti-oxidant molecular targets of wheat bran fermented by white rot fungi and its potential modulation of antioxidative status in broiler chickens. Br. Poult. Sci. 2017; 58, 262–271.
Wang, C.L.; Chiang, C.J.; Chao, Y.P.; Yu, B.; Lee, T.T. Effect of Cordyceps Militaris waster medium on production performance, egg traits and egg yolk cholesterol of laying hens. J. Poult. Sci. 2015; 52, 188–196.
Wang, W., Li, Z., Ren, W., Yue, Y., & Guo, Y.. Effects of live yeast supplementation on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in broilers. Poultry Science, 2016; 95(11), 2557-2564.
Zhang, J. C., Chen, P., Zhang, C., Khalil, M. M., Zhang, N. Y., Qi, D. S., ... & Sun, L. H.. Yeast culture promotes the production of aged laying hens by improving intestinal digestive enzyme activities and the intestinal health status. Poultry Science, 2020; 99(4), 2026-2032.
Referanslar
Ahiwe, E. U., Dos Santos, T. T., Graham, H., & Iji, P. A.. Can probiotic or prebiotic yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) serve as alternatives to in-feed antibiotics for healthy or disease-challenged broiler chickens?: a review. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 2021; 30(3), 100164.
Aluwgongo, G. M., Xiao, J., Wu, Z., Li, S., Wang, Y., & Cao, Z.. Utilization of yeast of Saccharomyces cerevisiae origin in artificially raised calves. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology, 2017; 8, 1-12.
Bačėninaitė, D., Džermeikaitė, K., & Antanaitis, R.. Global warming and dairy cattle: How to control and reduce methane emission. Animals, 2022; 12(19), 2687.
Baker, L. M., Kraft, J., Karnezos, T. P., & Greenwood, S. L.. The effects of dietary yeast and yeast-derived extracts on rumen microbiota and their function. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2022; 294, 115476.
Bastos, T. S., Souza, C. M. M., Kaelle, G. C. B., do Nascimento, M. Q., de Oliveira, S. G., & Félix, A. P.. Diet supplemented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae from different fermentation media modulates the faecal microbiota and the intestinal fermentative products in dogs. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 2023; 107, 30-40.
Bilal, R. M., Hassan, F. U., Saeed, M., Rafeeq, M., Zahra, N., Fraz, A., ... & Alagawany, M.. Role of yeast and yeast-derived products as feed additives in broiler nutrition. Animal Biotechnology, 2023; 34(2), 392-401.
Bitencourt, L. L., Silva, J. R. M., Oliveira, B. M. L. D., Dias Júnior, G. S., Lopes, F., Siécola Júnior, S., ... & Pereira, M. N.. Diet digestibility and performance of dairy cows supplemented with live yeast. Scientia Agricola, 2011; 68, 301-307.
Bruno, R. G., Rutigliano, H. M., Cerri, R. L., Robinson, P. H., & Santos, J. E.. Effect of feeding Saccharomyces cerevisiae on performance of dairy cows during summer heat stress. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2009; 150(3-4), 175-186.
Chang, S.C.; Lin, M.J.; Chao, Y.P.; Chiang, C.J.; Jea, Y.S.; Lee, T.T. Effects of spent mushroom compost meal on growth performance and meat characteristics of grower geese. R. Bras. Zootec. 2016; 45, 281–287.
Chuang, W.Y.; Liu, C.L.; Tsai, C.F.; Lin, W.C.; Chang, S.C.; Shih, H.D.; Shy, Y.M.; Lee, T.T. Evaluation of waste mushroom compost as a feed supplement and its effects on the fat metabolism and anti-oxidant capacity of broilers. Animals 2020; 10, 445
Chuang, W. Y., Lin, W. C., Hsieh, Y. C., Huang, C. M., Chang, S. C., & Lee, T. T.. Evaluation of the combined use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus oryzae with phytase fermentation products on growth, inflammatory, and intestinal morphology in broilers. Animals, 2019; 9(12), 1051.
Desnoyer, M., Giger-Reverdin, S., Bertin, G., Duvaux-Ponter, C., Sauvant, D. . Meta-analysis of the influence of Saccharomyces cerevisae supplement on ruminal parameters and milk production of ruminants. Journal of Dairy Science, 2009; 92(4), 1620-1632.
Erasmus, L. J., Botha, P. M., & Kistner, A.. Effect of yeast culture supplement on production, rumen fermentation, and duodenal nitrogen flow in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 1992; 75(11), 3056-3065.
Fathima, S., Shanmugasundaram, R., Sifri, M., & Selvaraj, R.. Yeasts and yeast-based products in poultry nutrition. Journal of Applied Poultry Research,2023; 32(2), 100345.
Feye, K. M., Rubinelli, P. M., Chaney, W. E., Pavlidis, H. O., Kogut, M. H., & Ricke, S. C.. The preliminary development of an in vitro poultry cecal culture model to evaluate the effects of Original XPCTM for the reduction of Campylobacter jejuni and its potential effects on the microbiota. Frontiers in Microbiology, 2020; 10, 3062.
Gao, J., Zhang, H.J., Wu, S.G., Yu, S.H., Yoon, I., Moore, D., Gao, Y.P., Yan, H.J., Qi, G.H.. Effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product on immune functions of broilers challenged with Eimeria tenella. Poultry Science, 2009; 88, 2141–2151.
Guedes, C. M., Gonçalves, D., Rodrigues, M. A. M., & Dias-da-Silva, A.. Effects of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast on ruminal fermentation and fibre degradation of maize silages in cows. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2008;145(1-4), 27-40.
Jyothi, C., Muwel, N., Nayak, S., Khare, A., Sharma, R., Keshri, A., & Tiwari, S.. Anaerobic rumen fungi as a feed additive in ruminants: a review. Journal of Livestock Science (ISSN online 2277-6214), 2024; 15 (1), 78-85.
Knoblock, C. E., Shi, W., Yoon, I., & Oba, M.. Effects of supplementing a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product during the periparturient period on the immune response of dairy cows fed fresh diets differing in starch content. Journal of Dairy Science, 2019; 102(7), 6199-6209.
Koç, F., Samli, H., Okur, A., Ozduven, M., Akyurek, H., & Senkoylu, N.. Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and/or mannanoligosaccharide on performance, blood parameters and intestinal microbiota of broiler chicks. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 2010; 16(5), 643-650.
Lai, L.P.; Lee, M.T.; Chen, C.S.; Yu, B.; Lee, T.T. Effects of co-fermented Pleurotus eryngii stalk residues and soybean hulls by Aureobasidium pullulans on performance and intestinal morphology in broiler chickens. Poultry Science, 2015; 94, 2959–2969.
Lascano, G. J., Heinrichs, A. J., & Tricarico, J. M.. Substitution of starch by soluble fiber and Saccharomyces cerevisiae dose response on nutrient digestion and blood metabolites for precision-fed dairy heifers. Journal of Dairy Science, 2012; 95(6), 3298-3309.
Lee, M.T.; Lin, W.C.; Wang, S.Y.; Lin, L.J.; Yu, B.; Lee, T.T. Evaluation of potential anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Antrodia cinnamomea powder and the underlying molecular mechanisms via Nrf2- and NF-κB-dominated pathways in broiler chickens. Poultry Science, 2018; 97, 2419–2434.
Lee MT, Lin WC, Lin LJ, Wang SY, Chang SC, Lee TT. Effects of dietary Antrodia cinnamomea fermented product supplementation on antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and lipid metabolism in broiler chickens. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2020; 1113-1125
Lila, Z. A., Mohammed, N., Yasui, T., Kurokawa, Y., Kanda, S., & Itabashi, H.. Effects of a twin strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae live cells on mixed ruminal microorganism fermentation in vitro. Journal of Animal Science, 2004; 82(6), 1847-1854.
Lin, W.C.; Lee, M.T.; Lo, C.T.; Chang, S.C.; Lee, T.T. Effects of dietary supplementation of Trichoderma pseudokoningii fermented enzyme powder on growth performance, intestinal morphology, microflora and serum anti-oxidantive status in broiler chickens. Ital. J. Anim. Sci. 2017; 17, 153–164.
Liu, J., Jin, Y., & Yang, J.. Influence of spent ginger yeast cultures on the production performance, egg quality, serum composition, and intestinal microbiota of laying hens. Animal Bioscience, 2022; 35(8), 1205.
Magalhães, V. J. A., Susca, F., Lima, F. S., Branco, A. F., Yoon, I., & Santos, J. E. P.. Effect of feeding yeast culture on performance, health, and immunocompetence of dairy calves. Journal of Dairy Science, 2008; 91(4), 1497-1509.
Majtán, J., Kogan, G., Kováčová, E., Bíliková, K., & Šimúth, J.. Stimulation of TNF-α release by fungal cell wall polysaccharides. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C, 2005; 60(11-12), 921-926.
Malekkhahi, M., Tahmasbi, A. M., Naserian, A. A., Danesh-Mesgaran, M., Kleen, J. L., AlZahal, O., & Ghaffari, M. H. (2016). Effects of supplementation of active dried yeast and malate during sub-acute ruminal acidosis on rumen fermentation, microbial population, selected blood metabolites, and milk production in dairy cows. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2016; 213, 29-43.
Moallem, U., Lehrer, H., Livshitz, L., Zachut, M., & Yakoby, S.. The effects of live yeast supplementation to dairy cows during the hot season on production, feed efficiency, and digestibility. Journal of Dairy Science, 2009; 92(1), 343-351.
Ogbuewu, I. P., Okoro, V. M., Mbajiorgu, E. F., & Mbajiorgu, C. A. (2019). Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and its effect on production indices of livestock and poultry—a review. Comparative Clinical Pathology, 2019; 28, 669-677.
Pais, P., Almeida, V., Yılmaz, M., & Teixeira, M. C.. Saccharomyces boulardii: what makes it tick as successful probiotic?. Journal of Fungi, 2020; 6(2), 78.
Patra, A. K.. The use of live yeast products as microbial feed additives in ruminant nutrition. Asian J. Anim. Vet. Adv., 2012; 7 (5), 366-375
Peng, L., Li, Z. R., Green, R. S., Holzmanr, I. R., & Lin, J.. Butyrate enhances the intestinal barrier by facilitating tight junction assembly via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase in Caco-2 cell monolayers. The Journal of Nutrition, 2009; 139(9),1619-1625.
Perricone, V., Sandrini, S., Irshad, N., Savoini, G., Comi, M., & Agazzi, A.. Yeast-derived products: The role of hydrolyzed yeast and yeast culture in poultry nutrition—A review. Animals, 2022; 12(11), 1426.
Qiu, Q., Zhan, Z., Zhou, Y., Zhang, W., Gu, L., Wang, Q., ... & Li, Y. (2024). Effects of yeast culture on laying performance, antioxidant properties, intestinal morphology, and intestinal flora of laying hens. Antioxidants, 2024; 13(7), 779.
Rubinelli, P., Roto, S., Kim, S. A., Park, S. H., Pavlidis, H. O., McIntyre, D., & Ricke, S. C.. Reduction of Salmonella Typhimurium by fermentation metabolites of Diamond V Original XPC in an in vitro anaerobic mixed chicken cecal culture. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 2016; 3, 83.
Salvati, G. G. S., Júnior, N. M., Melo, A. C. S., Vilela, R. R., Cardoso, F. F., Aronovich, M., ... & Pereira, M. N.. Response of lactating cows to live yeast supplementation during summer. Journal of Dairy Science, 2015; 98(6), 4062-4073.
Sanchez, N. C. B., Young, T. R., Carroll, J. A., Corley, J. R., Rathmann, R. J., & Johnson, B. J.. Yeast cell wall supplementation alters aspects of the physiological and acute phase responses of crossbred heifers to an endotoxin challenge. Innate immunity, 2013; 19(4), 411-419.
Saxena S, Sehgal JP, Puniya AK, Singh K,. Effect of administration of rumen fungi on production performance of lactating buffaloes. Beneficial Microbes 2010; 1(2),183-188.
Soleimanpour Rakhneh, A., Khalaji, S., Yari, M., & Ghabooli, M. (2020). Evaluating the efficacy of plant-specific fungus (Piriformospora indica) rich in mannan oligosaccharides as a microbial feed additive on growth performance, protein digestibility, plasma characteristics, intestinal microflora, and morphology in chicks. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 2020; 48(1), 460-469.
Stercova, E., Kumprechtova, D., Auclair, E., & Novakova, J. (2016). Effects of live yeast dietary supplementation on nutrient digestibility and fecal microflora in beagle dogs. Journal of Animal Science, 2016; 94(7), 2909-2918.
Swain, B. K., Naik, P. K., Chakurkar, E. B., & Singh, N. P.. Effect of probiotic and yeast supplementation on performance, egg quality characteristics and economics of production in Vanaraja layers. Indian Journal of Poultry Science, 2011; 46(3), 313-315.
Thrune, M., Bach, A., Ruiz-Moreno, M., Stern, M. D., & Linn, J. G.. Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on ruminal pH and microbial fermentation in dairy cows: Yeast supplementation on rumen fermentation. Livestock Science, 2009; 124(1-3), 261-265.
Tripathi, M. K., & Karim, S. A.. Effect of yeast cultures supplementation on live weight change, rumen fermentation, ciliate protozoa population, microbial hydrolytic enzymes status and slaughtering performance of growing lamb. Livestock Science, 2011; 135(1), 17-25.
Vohra, A., Syal, P., & Madan, A. (2016). Probiotic yeasts in livestock sector. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2016; 219, 31-47.
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