Türlere Göre Lokal Anestezik ve Analjezik Teknikler
Özet
Loko-regional anestezi hem beşerî hekimlikte hem de veteriner hekimliğinde intraoperatif ve postoperatif ağrı kontrolü sağlamak için sıklıkla uygulanmaktadır. Regional anestezi ve analjezi, genel anesteziye ek olarak uygulandığında anestezik ve sistemik analjezik gereksinimlerini azaltır, ayrıca sedasyon ve fiziksel kısıtlama ile kombine edilerek ayakta yapılan işlemlerin kolaylaştırılmasında da tercih edilebilir. Bu yaklaşımlar ile hem hastanın hastanede kalma süresi kısalır, hem postoperatif ağrı yönetimi sağlanır hem de genel anesteziye bağlı oluşabilecek komplikasyonların insidansı azaltılabilir. Lokal anestezi tekniklerinin uygulanmasında hedef sinirlerin belirlenmesi için; anatomik işaretlerden, ultrasonografiden ve elektriksel sinir stimülatöründen faydalanılmaktadır. Bu bölümde evcil hayvanlarda sıklıkla uygulanılan lokal anestezi tekniklerinden bahsedilmiştir.
Locoregional anesthesia is frequently employed in both human and veterinary medicine to provide intraoperative and postoperative pain control. When used as an adjunct to general anesthesia, regional anesthesia and analgesia can reduce the requirements for anesthetic agents and systemic analgesics. Additionally, when combined with sedation and physical restraint, these techniques facilitate the performance of procedures in standing or minimally restrained animals. Such approaches contribute to a shortened duration of hospitalization, improved postoperative pain management, and a reduced incidence of complications associated with general anesthesia. The application of local anesthetic techniques involves identifying target nerves, which can be achieved through the use of anatomical landmarks, ultrasonography, and electrical nerve stimulation. This section outlines the local anesthetic techniques commonly utilized in companion animals.
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