Gebelikte ve Doğum Sonrası Alt Üriner Sistem Semptomları ve İdrar Yolu Enfeksiyonlarının Yönetimi

Abrams, P. (2002). The standardisation of terminology of lower urinary tract function: Report from the standardisation sub-committee of the International Continence Society. Neurourol Urodyn; 21: 167-78.

Digesu, A., Toozs-Hobson, P., Bidmead, J., et al. (2000). Pregnancy, childbirth and urinary incontinence: Caesarean for all? Neurourology and Urodynamics, 19(4): 508-9.

Sampselle, C. M., Miller, J.M., Mims, B. L., et al., (1998).Effect of pelvic muscle exercise on transient incontinence during pregnancy and after birth. Obstetrics Gynecology, 3:406-412.

Tanaka, J., Fukui, J. (2000). An approach to prevention of urinary incontinence Effectiveness of guidence on training of pelvic floor for pregnant women. ICS 2000 International Continence Society Annual Meeting, Tampere, Finland.

Song, Y. F., Zhong, W. J., Song, J. Xu, B. (2005). Prevalanc and risk factors of urinary incontinence in Fushou Chinese women. Chin Med J., Jun 5, 118(11): 887-92.

Biri, A. ve ark (2006). Insidence of stress urinary incontinence among women in Turkey. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct, Agust 21.

Koçak, I., Okyay, P., Dündar, M., et al. (2005).Female urinary incontinence in the west of Turkey; prevalence, risk factors and impact on quality of life. Eur Urol, 48(4): 634-41.

Kök, G., fienel, N., Akgül, A. (2006). GATA Jinekoloji polikliniğine başvuran 20 yaş üstü kadınların üriner inkontinans açısından farkındalık durumlarının değerlendirilmesi, Gülhane Tıp Dergisi, 48: 132-136.

Davison JM. Renal hemodynamics and volume homeostasis in pregnancy. Scand J Clin Lab Invest Suppl. 1984;169:15-27.

Wesnes, S. L., Rotweit, G., Bo, K., et al. (2007). Urinar incontinence during pregnancy. Obstetrics& Gynecology, 109: 922-928.

Kristionsson, P., Samuelsson, E., Van, Schoultz, B., et al. (2001). Reproductive hormones and stress urinary incontinence in pregnancy. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand, 80(12): 1125-1130.

Wesnes, S. L., Rotweit, G., Bo, K., et al. (2007). Urinar incontinence during pregnancy. Obstetrics& Gynecology, 109: 922-928.

Lange, R., Walther, D., Casper, F.et al. (2000). Changes of The Pelvic Floor During Pregnancy: A Longitudinal Study of 38 Pregnant Women. Neurology and Urodynamics, 19, 4.

Sampselle, C.M., Miller, J.M., Mims, B.L., et al. (1998). Effect of Pelvic Muscle Exercises on Transient Incontinence During Pregnancy and After Birth. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 3, 406-412.

Hvidman, L., Foldspang, A., Momsen, S., et al. (2003). Postpartum urinar incontinence. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2(6): 556-563.

Williams, K. (2004). Stres urinary incontinence; treatment and support. Nurs Stand., 18: 45-52.

Fultz, H. N., Herzog, R.. (2001). Self reported social and emotional impact of urinary incontinence. J Am Geriatri Soc, 49:892-899.

Dunlop W. Serial changes in renal haemodynamics during normal human pregnancy. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1981;88:1-9.

Cardoza, L. (1997). Urogynecology The King’s Approach. Pearson Professional Limited, New York, Edinburg, London.

Morkved, S., Kari, B., Schei, B., et al. (2003). Pelvic floor muscle training during pregnancy to prevent urinary incontinence. A single-blind randomized controlled trial. Obstet&Gynecol 101: 313-319.

Haslam, J., Thapson, J., Oliver, H., et al. (1997). Sims Portex Teaching Pack for Continence Advisors, Volume II.

Mascerenhas, T. ve ark (2001) Lower urinary tract symptoms in pregnancy and after childbirth: A retrospective study, International Urogynecology Journal, 12(3): 168, 236.

Scarpa, K. P., Hermann, V., Palma, P. C, et al. (2006). Prevalence of urinary symptoms in the third trimester of pregnancy: Rev Assoc Med Bras, May- June; 52(3): 153-6.

Sangsawang B, Sangsawang N. Stress urinary incontinence in pregnant women: A review of prevalence, path ophysiology, and treatment. Int Urogynecol J. 2013; 24(6): 901-912. doi: 10.1007/s00192-013-2061-7

Cutner, A., Wilson, R., K. (2000). Lower urinary tract in pregnancy. Stanton, Monga, A. K. (Eds.). Clinical Urogynecology, Churchill Livingstone, London, 473-483.

Abrams, P. (2002). The standardisation of terminology of lower urinary tract function: Report from the standardisation sub-committee of the International Continence Society. Neurourol Urodyn; 21: 167-78.

Smith, K. M., Drutz, H. P. (2002). The effect of pregnancy and childbirth on the lower urinary tract and pelvic floor. Drutz, H., Nicholas, S. H., Dioment, E. (Eds.). Female pelvic medicine and reconstructive pelvic surgery, Springer, London, 69-78.

Scarpa, K. P., Hermann, V., Palma, P. C., et al. (2006). Prevalence of urinary symptoms in the third trimester of pregnancy: Rev Assoc Med Bras, May- June; 52(3): 153-6.

Granese, R., Adile, B. (2006). Urinary incontinence in pregnancy and in puerperium: 3 months follow-up after delivery, Obstetrics & Gynecology, 863-872.

Morkved, S., Bo, K. (2000). Effect of postpartum pelvic floor muscle training in prevention and treatment of urinary incontinence: A one–year follow up. BR J Obstet Gynecol, 107: 1022-1028.

Cutner, A., Wilson, R., K. (2000). Lower urinary tract in pregnancy. Stanton, Monga, A. K. (Eds.). Clinical Urogynecology, Churchill Livingstone, London, 473-483.

Thomason, A. D., Miller, J. M., De lancy, J. (2006). Urinary incontinence symptoms during and after pregnancy incontinent and incontinent primiparas. Int. Urogynecol J. 192(6): 124-8.

Haslam, J., Thapson, J., Oliver, H., et al. (1997). Sims Portex Teaching Pack for Continence Advisors, Volume II.

Persson, J., Hansen, P. W., Rydhstroem, H. (2000). Obstetric risk factors for stress urinary incontinence: A population-based study. Obstet Gynecol 96(3): 440-445.

Chaliha, C., Khullar, V., Sultan, A. L., et al. (2000). Postpartum stress incontinence: A geniune symptom. Neurourology and Urodynamics, 19(4): 505- 6

Wilson, P., Herbison, R. M., Herbison, G. P. (1996). Obstetric practice and the prevalence of incontinence three months after delivery. Br J Obstet Gynecol, 103: 154-161

Peyrad, L. ve ark (2002). Prevalence and risk factors of urinary incontinence in young and middle-aged women. BJU International, 89: 61-66.

Hvidman, L., Foldspang, A., Momsen, S., et al. (2003). Postpartum urinar incontinence. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2(6): 556-563.

Reilly, E. T. C. ve ark (2002). Prevention of postpartum stress incontinence in primigravidae with increased bladder neck mobility: A randomised controlled trial of antenatal pelvic floor exercises. BJOG, 109: 68-76.

Morkved, S., Kari, B., Schei, B., et al. (2003). Pelvic floor muscle training during pregnancy to prevent urinary incontinence. A single-blind randomized controlled trial. Obstet&Gynecol 101: 313-319

Wilson, P., Herbison, R. M., Herbison, G. P. (1996). Obstetric practice and the prevalence of incontinence three months after delivery. Br J Obstet Gynecol, 103: 154-161 .

Sampselle, C. M., Miller, J.M., Mims, B. L., et al., (1998). Effect of pelvic muscle exercise on transient incontinence during pregnancy and after birth. Obstetrics Gynecology, 3: 406-412.

Tanaka, J., Fukui, J. (2000). An approach to prevention of urinaryincontinence- Effectiveness of guidence on training of pelvic floor for pregnant women. ICS 2000 International Continence Society Annual Meeting, Tampere, Finland.

Sweet RL. Bacteriuria and pyelonephritis during pregnancy. Semin Perinatol 1977;1:25-40.

Sobel JD, Kaye D. Urinary tract infections. Mandel GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R (eds). In: Principles of practice of ınfectious diseases. Fifth edition, volume 1. 2000 USA: Churchill Livingstone 773-805.

Abrams, P. (2002). The standardisation of terminology of lower urinary tract function: Report from the standardisation sub-committee of the International Continence Society. Neurourol Urodyn; 21: 167-78.

Digesu, A., Toozs-Hobson, P., Bidmead, J., et al. (2000). Pregnancy, childbirth and urinary incontinence: Caesarean for all? Neurourology and Urodynamics, 19(4): 508-9.

Sampselle, C. M., Miller, J.M., Mims, B. L., et al., (1998).Effect of pelvic muscle exercise on transient incontinence during pregnancy and after birth. Obstetrics Gynecology, 3:406-412.

Tanaka, J., Fukui, J. (2000). An approach to prevention of urinary incontinence Effectiveness of guidence on training of pelvic floor for pregnant women. ICS 2000 International Continence Society Annual Meeting, Tampere, Finland.

Song, Y. F., Zhong, W. J., Song, J. Xu, B. (2005). Prevalanc and risk factors of urinary incontinence in Fushou Chinese women. Chin Med J., Jun 5, 118(11): 887-92.

Biri, A. ve ark (2006). Insidence of stress urinary incontinence among women in Turkey. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct, Agust 21.

Koçak, I., Okyay, P., Dündar, M., et al. (2005).Female urinary incontinence in the west of Turkey; prevalence, risk factors and impact on quality of life. Eur Urol, 48(4): 634-41.

Kök, G., fienel, N., Akgül, A. (2006). GATA Jinekoloji polikliniğine başvuran 20 yaş üstü kadınların üriner inkontinans açısından farkındalık durumlarının değerlendirilmesi, Gülhane Tıp Dergisi, 48: 132-136.

Davison JM. Renal hemodynamics and volume homeostasis in pregnancy. Scand J Clin Lab Invest Suppl. 1984;169:15-27.

Wesnes, S. L., Rotweit, G., Bo, K., et al. (2007). Urinar incontinence during pregnancy. Obstetrics& Gynecology, 109: 922-928.

Kristionsson, P., Samuelsson, E., Van, Schoultz, B., et al. (2001). Reproductive hormones and stress urinary incontinence in pregnancy. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand, 80(12): 1125-1130.

Wesnes, S. L., Rotweit, G., Bo, K., et al. (2007). Urinar incontinence during pregnancy. Obstetrics& Gynecology, 109: 922-928.

Lange, R., Walther, D., Casper, F.et al. (2000). Changes of The Pelvic Floor During Pregnancy: A Longitudinal Study of 38 Pregnant Women. Neurology and Urodynamics, 19, 4.

Sampselle, C.M., Miller, J.M., Mims, B.L., et al. (1998). Effect of Pelvic Muscle Exercises on Transient Incontinence During Pregnancy and After Birth. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 3, 406-412.

Hvidman, L., Foldspang, A., Momsen, S., et al. (2003). Postpartum urinar incontinence. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2(6): 556-563.

Williams, K. (2004). Stres urinary incontinence; treatment and support. Nurs Stand., 18: 45-52.

Fultz, H. N., Herzog, R.. (2001). Self reported social and emotional impact of urinary incontinence. J Am Geriatri Soc, 49:892-899.

Dunlop W. Serial changes in renal haemodynamics during normal human pregnancy. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1981;88:1-9.

Cardoza, L. (1997). Urogynecology The King’s Approach. Pearson Professional Limited, New York, Edinburg, London.

Morkved, S., Kari, B., Schei, B., et al. (2003). Pelvic floor muscle training during pregnancy to prevent urinary incontinence. A single-blind randomized controlled trial. Obstet&Gynecol 101: 313-319.

Haslam, J., Thapson, J., Oliver, H., et al. (1997). Sims Portex Teaching Pack for Continence Advisors, Volume II.

Mascerenhas, T. ve ark (2001) Lower urinary tract symptoms in pregnancy and after childbirth: A retrospective study, International Urogynecology Journal, 12(3): 168, 236.

Scarpa, K. P., Hermann, V., Palma, P. C, et al. (2006). Prevalence of urinary symptoms in the third trimester of pregnancy: Rev Assoc Med Bras, May- June; 52(3): 153-6.

Sangsawang B, Sangsawang N. Stress urinary incontinence in pregnant women: A review of prevalence, path ophysiology, and treatment. Int Urogynecol J. 2013; 24(6): 901-912. doi: 10.1007/s00192-013-2061-7

Cutner, A., Wilson, R., K. (2000). Lower urinary tract in pregnancy. Stanton, Monga, A. K. (Eds.). Clinical Urogynecology, Churchill Livingstone, London, 473-483.

Abrams, P. (2002). The standardisation of terminology of lower urinary tract function: Report from the standardisation sub-committee of the International Continence Society. Neurourol Urodyn; 21: 167-78.

Smith, K. M., Drutz, H. P. (2002). The effect of pregnancy and childbirth on the lower urinary tract and pelvic floor. Drutz, H., Nicholas, S. H., Dioment, E. (Eds.). Female pelvic medicine and reconstructive pelvic surgery, Springer, London, 69-78.

Scarpa, K. P., Hermann, V., Palma, P. C., et al. (2006). Prevalence of urinary symptoms in the third trimester of pregnancy: Rev Assoc Med Bras, May- June; 52(3): 153-6.

Granese, R., Adile, B. (2006). Urinary incontinence in pregnancy and in puerperium: 3 months follow-up after delivery, Obstetrics & Gynecology, 863-872.

Morkved, S., Bo, K. (2000). Effect of postpartum pelvic floor muscle training in prevention and treatment of urinary incontinence: A one–year follow up. BR J Obstet Gynecol, 107: 1022-1028.

Cutner, A., Wilson, R., K. (2000). Lower urinary tract in pregnancy. Stanton, Monga, A. K. (Eds.). Clinical Urogynecology, Churchill Livingstone, London, 473-483.

Thomason, A. D., Miller, J. M., De lancy, J. (2006). Urinary incontinence symptoms during and after pregnancy incontinent and incontinent primiparas. Int. Urogynecol J. 192(6): 124-8.

Haslam, J., Thapson, J., Oliver, H., et al. (1997). Sims Portex Teaching Pack for Continence Advisors, Volume II.

Persson, J., Hansen, P. W., Rydhstroem, H. (2000). Obstetric risk factors for stress urinary incontinence: A population-based study. Obstet Gynecol 96(3): 440-445.

Chaliha, C., Khullar, V., Sultan, A. L., et al. (2000). Postpartum stress incontinence: A geniune symptom. Neurourology and Urodynamics, 19(4): 505- 6

Wilson, P., Herbison, R. M., Herbison, G. P. (1996). Obstetric practice and the prevalence of incontinence three months after delivery. Br J Obstet Gynecol, 103: 154-161

Peyrad, L. ve ark (2002). Prevalence and risk factors of urinary incontinence in young and middle-aged women. BJU International, 89: 61-66.

Hvidman, L., Foldspang, A., Momsen, S., et al. (2003). Postpartum urinar incontinence. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2(6): 556-563.

Reilly, E. T. C. ve ark (2002). Prevention of postpartum stress incontinence in primigravidae with increased bladder neck mobility: A randomised controlled trial of antenatal pelvic floor exercises. BJOG, 109: 68-76.

Morkved, S., Kari, B., Schei, B., et al. (2003). Pelvic floor muscle training during pregnancy to prevent urinary incontinence. A single-blind randomized controlled trial. Obstet&Gynecol 101: 313-319

Wilson, P., Herbison, R. M., Herbison, G. P. (1996). Obstetric practice and the prevalence of incontinence three months after delivery. Br J Obstet Gynecol, 103: 154-161 .

Sampselle, C. M., Miller, J.M., Mims, B. L., et al., (1998). Effect of pelvic muscle exercise on transient incontinence during pregnancy and after birth. Obstetrics Gynecology, 3: 406-412.

Tanaka, J., Fukui, J. (2000). An approach to prevention of urinaryincontinence- Effectiveness of guidence on training of pelvic floor for pregnant women. ICS 2000 International Continence Society Annual Meeting, Tampere, Finland.

Sweet RL. Bacteriuria and pyelonephritis during pregnancy. Semin Perinatol 1977;1:25-40.

Sobel JD, Kaye D. Urinary tract infections. Mandel GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R (eds). In: Principles of practice of ınfectious diseases. Fifth edition, volume 1. 2000 USA: Churchill Livingstone 773-805.