GLP-1 Reseptör Agonistleri: Tip 2 Diyabet ve Obezite Tedavisinde Güncel Yaklaşımlar

Polonsky KS. The Past 200 Years in Diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine [Internet]. 2012 Oct 4 [cited 2025 Jun 13];367(14):1332–40. Available from: https://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJMra1110560

Shaw JE, Sicree RA, Zimmet PZ. Global estimates of the prevalence of diabetes for 2010 and 2030. Diabetes Res Clin Pract [Internet]. 2010 Jan [cited 2025 Jun 13];87(1):4–14. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19896746/

IDF Diabetes Atlas 2025 | Global Diabetes Data & Insights [Internet]. [cited 2025 Jun 13]. Available from: https://diabetesatlas.org/resources/idf-diabetes-atlas-2025/#

Özöztürk S. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü verilerine göre ülkemizdeki obezite oranı doğurganlık oranını nasıl etkiliyor? Sağlık Akademisyenleri Dergisi [Internet]. 2025 Apr 17 [cited 2025 Jun 13];12(1):10–6. Available from: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/sagakaderg/issue/91320/1413562

Islam ANMS, Sultana H, Nazmul Hassan Refat M, Farhana Z, Abdulbasah Kamil A, Meshbahur Rahman M. The global burden of overweight-obesity and its association with economic status, benefiting from STEPs survey of WHO member states: A meta-analysis. Prev Med Rep [Internet]. 2024 Oct 1 [cited 2025 Jun 13];46:102882. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11406007/

Drucker DJ. GLP-1-based therapies for diabetes, obesity and beyond. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 2025 [Internet]. 2025 Apr 25 [cited 2025 Jun 13];1–20. Available from: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41573-025-01183-8

Titck - Türkiye İlaç ve Tıbbi Cihaz Kurumu [Internet]. [cited 2025 Jun 13]. Available from: https://www.titck.gov.tr/kubkt

Pannacciulli N, Le DSNT, Salbe AD, Chen K, Reiman EM, Tataranni PA, et al. Postprandial glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) response is positively associated with changes in neuronal activity of brain areas implicated in satiety and food intake regulation in humans. Neuroimage [Internet]. 2007 Apr 1 [cited 2025 Jun 13];35(2):511–7. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17317222/

Drucker DJ, Nauck MA. The incretin system: glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes. Lancet [Internet]. 2006 Nov 11 [cited 2025 Jun 13];368(9548):1696–705. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17098089/

Tschöp MH, Friedman JM. Seeking satiety: From signals to solutions. Sci Transl Med [Internet]. 2023 [cited 2025 Jun 13];15(723). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37992155/

Friedman JM. The discovery and development of GLP-1 based drugs that have revolutionized the treatment of obesity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A [Internet]. 2024 Sep 24 [cited 2025 Jun 13];121(39). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39297680/

Lund PK, Goodman RH, Dee PC, Habener JF. Pancreatic preproglucagon cDNA contains two glucagon-related coding sequences arranged in tandem. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A [Internet]. 1982 [cited 2025 Jun 13];79(2 I):345–9. Available from: https://www.pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.79.2.345

Drucker DJ, Habener JF, Holst JJ. Discovery, characterization, and clinical development of the glucagon-like peptides. J Clin Invest [Internet]. 2017 Dec 1 [cited 2025 Jun 13];127(12):4217. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5707151/

Nauck MA, Meier JJ. Incretin hormones: Their role in health and disease. Diabetes Obes Metab [Internet]. 2018 Feb 1 [cited 2025 Jun 13];20:5–21. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29364588/

van Bloemendaal L, ten Kulve JS, La Fleur SE, Ijzerman RG, Diamant M. Effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 on appetite and body weight: Focus on the CNS. Journal of Endocrinology [Internet]. 2014 Apr [cited 2025 Jun 13];221(1). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24323912/

Kreymann B, Ghatei MA, Williams G, Bloom SR. GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-1 7-36: A PHYSIOLOGICAL INCRETIN IN MAN. The Lancet [Internet]. 1987 Dec 5 [cited 2025 Jun 13];330(8571):1300–4. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2890903/

Nathan DM, Schreiber E, Fogel H, Mojsov S, Habener JF. Insulinotropic action of glucagonlike peptide-I-(7-37) in diabetic and nondiabetic subjects. Diabetes Care [Internet]. 1992 [cited 2025 Jun 13];15(2):270–6. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1547685/

Donnelly D. The structure and function of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor and its ligands. Br J Pharmacol [Internet]. 2012 May [cited 2025 Jun 13];166(1):27–41. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21950636/

Popoviciu MS, Păduraru L, Yahya G, Metwally K, Cavalu S. Emerging Role of GLP-1 Agonists in Obesity: A Comprehensive Review of Randomised Controlled Trials. Int J Mol Sci [Internet]. 2023 Jul 1 [cited 2025 Jun 13];24(13):10449. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10341852/

Norris SL, Lee N, Thakurta S, Chan BKS. Exenatide efficacy and safety: A systematic review. Diabetic Medicine [Internet]. 2009 Sep [cited 2025 Jun 13];26(9):837–46. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19719703/

Hedrington MS, Davis SN. Oral semaglutide for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Expert Opin Pharmacother [Internet]. 2019 Jan 22 [cited 2025 Jun 13];20(2):133–41. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30499733/

Nauck MA, Quast DR, Wefers J, Meier JJ. GLP-1 receptor agonists in the treatment of type 2 diabetes – state-of-the-art. Mol Metab [Internet]. 2021 Apr 1 [cited 2025 Jun 13];46. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33068776/

Zelniker TA, Wiviott SD, Raz I, Im K, Goodrich EL, Bonaca MP, et al. SGLT2 inhibitors for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcome trials. The Lancet [Internet]. 2019 Jan 5 [cited 2025 Jun 13];393(10166):31–9. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30424892/

Marre M, Shaw J, Brändle M, Bebakar WMW, Kamaruddin NA, Strand J, et al. Liraglutide, a once-daily human GLP-1 analogue, added to a sulphonylurea over 26 weeks produces greater improvements in glycaemic and weight control compared with adding rosiglitazone or placebo in subjects with Type 2 diabetes (LEAD-1 SU). Diabetic Medicine [Internet]. 2009 Mar [cited 2025 Jun 13];26(3):268–78. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19317822/

Garber A, Henry R, Ratner R, Garcia-Hernandez PA, Rodriguez-Pattzi H, Olvera-Alvarez I, et al. Liraglutide versus glimepiride monotherapy for type 2 diabetes (LEAD-3 Mono): a randomised, 52-week, phase III, double-blind, parallel-treatment trial. The Lancet [Internet]. 2009 [cited 2025 Jun 13];373(9662):473–81. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18819705/

Buse JB, Rosenstock J, Sesti G, Schmidt WE, Montanya E, Brett JH, et al. Liraglutide once a day versus exenatide twice a day for type 2 diabetes: a 26-week randomised, parallel-group, multinational, open-label trial (LEAD-6). The Lancet [Internet]. 2009 Jul 10 [cited 2025 Jun 13];374(9683):39–47. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19515413/

Astrup A, Rössner S, Van Gaal L, Rissanen A, Niskanen L, Al Hakim M, et al. Effects of liraglutide in the treatment of obesity: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The Lancet [Internet]. 2009 [cited 2025 Jun 13];374(9701):1606–16. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19853906/

Wilding JPH, Batterham RL, Calanna S, Davies M, Van Gaal LF, Lingvay I, et al. Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity. New England Journal of Medicine [Internet]. 2021 Mar 18 [cited 2025 Jun 13];384(11):989–1002. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33567185/

Rubino DM, Greenway FL, Khalid U, O’Neil PM, Rosenstock J, Sørrig R, et al. Effect of Weekly Subcutaneous Semaglutide vs Daily Liraglutide on Body Weight in Adults with Overweight or Obesity Without Diabetes: The STEP 8 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA [Internet]. 2022 Jan 11 [cited 2025 Jun 13];327(2):138–50. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35015037/

Weghuber D, Barrett T, Barrientos-Pérez M, Gies I, Hesse D, Jeppesen OK, et al. Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adolescents with Obesity. New England Journal of Medicine [Internet]. 2022 Dec 15 [cited 2025 Jun 13];387(24):2245–57. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36322838/

Gao X, Hua X, Wang X, Xu W, Zhang Y, Shi C, et al. Efficacy and safety of semaglutide on weight loss in obese or overweight patients without diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Pharmacol [Internet]. 2022 Sep 14 [cited 2025 Jun 13];13. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36188627/

Monami M, Nreu B, Scatena A, Cresci B, Andreozzi F, Sesti G, et al. Safety issues with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer and cholelithiasis): Data from randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Obes Metab [Internet]. 2017 Sep 1 [cited 2025 Jun 13];19(9):1233–41. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28244632/

Monami M, Dicembrini I, Nardini C, Fiordelli I, Mannucci E. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and pancreatitis: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Diabetes Res Clin Pract [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2025 Jun 13];103(2):269–75. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24485345/

Egan JM, Chia CW. Incretin therapy and pancreatic pathologies: Background pathology versus drug-induced pathology in rats. Diabetes [Internet]. 2014 Apr [cited 2025 Jun 13];63(4):1174–8. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24651798/

O’Neil PM, Aroda VR, Astrup A, Kushner R, Lau DCW, Wadden TA, et al. Neuropsychiatric safety with liraglutide 3.0 mg for weight management: Results from randomized controlled phase 2 and 3a trials. Diabetes Obes Metab [Internet]. 2017 Nov 1 [cited 2025 Jun 13];19(11):1529–36. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28386912/

Wong C, Lee MH, Yaow CYL, Chin YH, Goh XL, Ng CH, et al. Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) [Internet]. 2021 Apr 9 [cited 2025 Jun 13];12. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33897616/

Nevola R, Epifani R, Imbriani S, Tortorella G, Aprea C, Galiero R, et al. GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci [Internet]. 2023 Jan 1 [cited 2025 Jun 13];24(2). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36675217/

Polonsky KS. The Past 200 Years in Diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine [Internet]. 2012 Oct 4 [cited 2025 Jun 13];367(14):1332–40. Available from: https://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJMra1110560

Shaw JE, Sicree RA, Zimmet PZ. Global estimates of the prevalence of diabetes for 2010 and 2030. Diabetes Res Clin Pract [Internet]. 2010 Jan [cited 2025 Jun 13];87(1):4–14. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19896746/

IDF Diabetes Atlas 2025 | Global Diabetes Data & Insights [Internet]. [cited 2025 Jun 13]. Available from: https://diabetesatlas.org/resources/idf-diabetes-atlas-2025/#

Özöztürk S. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü verilerine göre ülkemizdeki obezite oranı doğurganlık oranını nasıl etkiliyor? Sağlık Akademisyenleri Dergisi [Internet]. 2025 Apr 17 [cited 2025 Jun 13];12(1):10–6. Available from: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/sagakaderg/issue/91320/1413562

Islam ANMS, Sultana H, Nazmul Hassan Refat M, Farhana Z, Abdulbasah Kamil A, Meshbahur Rahman M. The global burden of overweight-obesity and its association with economic status, benefiting from STEPs survey of WHO member states: A meta-analysis. Prev Med Rep [Internet]. 2024 Oct 1 [cited 2025 Jun 13];46:102882. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11406007/

Drucker DJ. GLP-1-based therapies for diabetes, obesity and beyond. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 2025 [Internet]. 2025 Apr 25 [cited 2025 Jun 13];1–20. Available from: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41573-025-01183-8

Titck - Türkiye İlaç ve Tıbbi Cihaz Kurumu [Internet]. [cited 2025 Jun 13]. Available from: https://www.titck.gov.tr/kubkt

Pannacciulli N, Le DSNT, Salbe AD, Chen K, Reiman EM, Tataranni PA, et al. Postprandial glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) response is positively associated with changes in neuronal activity of brain areas implicated in satiety and food intake regulation in humans. Neuroimage [Internet]. 2007 Apr 1 [cited 2025 Jun 13];35(2):511–7. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17317222/

Drucker DJ, Nauck MA. The incretin system: glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes. Lancet [Internet]. 2006 Nov 11 [cited 2025 Jun 13];368(9548):1696–705. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17098089/

Tschöp MH, Friedman JM. Seeking satiety: From signals to solutions. Sci Transl Med [Internet]. 2023 [cited 2025 Jun 13];15(723). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37992155/

Friedman JM. The discovery and development of GLP-1 based drugs that have revolutionized the treatment of obesity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A [Internet]. 2024 Sep 24 [cited 2025 Jun 13];121(39). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39297680/

Lund PK, Goodman RH, Dee PC, Habener JF. Pancreatic preproglucagon cDNA contains two glucagon-related coding sequences arranged in tandem. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A [Internet]. 1982 [cited 2025 Jun 13];79(2 I):345–9. Available from: https://www.pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.79.2.345

Drucker DJ, Habener JF, Holst JJ. Discovery, characterization, and clinical development of the glucagon-like peptides. J Clin Invest [Internet]. 2017 Dec 1 [cited 2025 Jun 13];127(12):4217. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5707151/

Nauck MA, Meier JJ. Incretin hormones: Their role in health and disease. Diabetes Obes Metab [Internet]. 2018 Feb 1 [cited 2025 Jun 13];20:5–21. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29364588/

van Bloemendaal L, ten Kulve JS, La Fleur SE, Ijzerman RG, Diamant M. Effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 on appetite and body weight: Focus on the CNS. Journal of Endocrinology [Internet]. 2014 Apr [cited 2025 Jun 13];221(1). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24323912/

Kreymann B, Ghatei MA, Williams G, Bloom SR. GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-1 7-36: A PHYSIOLOGICAL INCRETIN IN MAN. The Lancet [Internet]. 1987 Dec 5 [cited 2025 Jun 13];330(8571):1300–4. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2890903/

Nathan DM, Schreiber E, Fogel H, Mojsov S, Habener JF. Insulinotropic action of glucagonlike peptide-I-(7-37) in diabetic and nondiabetic subjects. Diabetes Care [Internet]. 1992 [cited 2025 Jun 13];15(2):270–6. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1547685/

Donnelly D. The structure and function of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor and its ligands. Br J Pharmacol [Internet]. 2012 May [cited 2025 Jun 13];166(1):27–41. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21950636/

Popoviciu MS, Păduraru L, Yahya G, Metwally K, Cavalu S. Emerging Role of GLP-1 Agonists in Obesity: A Comprehensive Review of Randomised Controlled Trials. Int J Mol Sci [Internet]. 2023 Jul 1 [cited 2025 Jun 13];24(13):10449. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10341852/

Norris SL, Lee N, Thakurta S, Chan BKS. Exenatide efficacy and safety: A systematic review. Diabetic Medicine [Internet]. 2009 Sep [cited 2025 Jun 13];26(9):837–46. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19719703/

Hedrington MS, Davis SN. Oral semaglutide for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Expert Opin Pharmacother [Internet]. 2019 Jan 22 [cited 2025 Jun 13];20(2):133–41. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30499733/

Nauck MA, Quast DR, Wefers J, Meier JJ. GLP-1 receptor agonists in the treatment of type 2 diabetes – state-of-the-art. Mol Metab [Internet]. 2021 Apr 1 [cited 2025 Jun 13];46. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33068776/

Zelniker TA, Wiviott SD, Raz I, Im K, Goodrich EL, Bonaca MP, et al. SGLT2 inhibitors for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcome trials. The Lancet [Internet]. 2019 Jan 5 [cited 2025 Jun 13];393(10166):31–9. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30424892/

Marre M, Shaw J, Brändle M, Bebakar WMW, Kamaruddin NA, Strand J, et al. Liraglutide, a once-daily human GLP-1 analogue, added to a sulphonylurea over 26 weeks produces greater improvements in glycaemic and weight control compared with adding rosiglitazone or placebo in subjects with Type 2 diabetes (LEAD-1 SU). Diabetic Medicine [Internet]. 2009 Mar [cited 2025 Jun 13];26(3):268–78. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19317822/

Garber A, Henry R, Ratner R, Garcia-Hernandez PA, Rodriguez-Pattzi H, Olvera-Alvarez I, et al. Liraglutide versus glimepiride monotherapy for type 2 diabetes (LEAD-3 Mono): a randomised, 52-week, phase III, double-blind, parallel-treatment trial. The Lancet [Internet]. 2009 [cited 2025 Jun 13];373(9662):473–81. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18819705/

Buse JB, Rosenstock J, Sesti G, Schmidt WE, Montanya E, Brett JH, et al. Liraglutide once a day versus exenatide twice a day for type 2 diabetes: a 26-week randomised, parallel-group, multinational, open-label trial (LEAD-6). The Lancet [Internet]. 2009 Jul 10 [cited 2025 Jun 13];374(9683):39–47. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19515413/

Astrup A, Rössner S, Van Gaal L, Rissanen A, Niskanen L, Al Hakim M, et al. Effects of liraglutide in the treatment of obesity: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The Lancet [Internet]. 2009 [cited 2025 Jun 13];374(9701):1606–16. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19853906/

Wilding JPH, Batterham RL, Calanna S, Davies M, Van Gaal LF, Lingvay I, et al. Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity. New England Journal of Medicine [Internet]. 2021 Mar 18 [cited 2025 Jun 13];384(11):989–1002. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33567185/

Rubino DM, Greenway FL, Khalid U, O’Neil PM, Rosenstock J, Sørrig R, et al. Effect of Weekly Subcutaneous Semaglutide vs Daily Liraglutide on Body Weight in Adults with Overweight or Obesity Without Diabetes: The STEP 8 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA [Internet]. 2022 Jan 11 [cited 2025 Jun 13];327(2):138–50. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35015037/

Weghuber D, Barrett T, Barrientos-Pérez M, Gies I, Hesse D, Jeppesen OK, et al. Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adolescents with Obesity. New England Journal of Medicine [Internet]. 2022 Dec 15 [cited 2025 Jun 13];387(24):2245–57. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36322838/

Gao X, Hua X, Wang X, Xu W, Zhang Y, Shi C, et al. Efficacy and safety of semaglutide on weight loss in obese or overweight patients without diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Pharmacol [Internet]. 2022 Sep 14 [cited 2025 Jun 13];13. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36188627/

Monami M, Nreu B, Scatena A, Cresci B, Andreozzi F, Sesti G, et al. Safety issues with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer and cholelithiasis): Data from randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Obes Metab [Internet]. 2017 Sep 1 [cited 2025 Jun 13];19(9):1233–41. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28244632/

Monami M, Dicembrini I, Nardini C, Fiordelli I, Mannucci E. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and pancreatitis: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Diabetes Res Clin Pract [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2025 Jun 13];103(2):269–75. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24485345/

Egan JM, Chia CW. Incretin therapy and pancreatic pathologies: Background pathology versus drug-induced pathology in rats. Diabetes [Internet]. 2014 Apr [cited 2025 Jun 13];63(4):1174–8. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24651798/

O’Neil PM, Aroda VR, Astrup A, Kushner R, Lau DCW, Wadden TA, et al. Neuropsychiatric safety with liraglutide 3.0 mg for weight management: Results from randomized controlled phase 2 and 3a trials. Diabetes Obes Metab [Internet]. 2017 Nov 1 [cited 2025 Jun 13];19(11):1529–36. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28386912/

Wong C, Lee MH, Yaow CYL, Chin YH, Goh XL, Ng CH, et al. Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) [Internet]. 2021 Apr 9 [cited 2025 Jun 13];12. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33897616/

Nevola R, Epifani R, Imbriani S, Tortorella G, Aprea C, Galiero R, et al. GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci [Internet]. 2023 Jan 1 [cited 2025 Jun 13];24(2). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36675217/