Safra Kesesi ve Safra Yolu Kanseri
Özet
Safra yolu kanserleri (SYK), safra kesesi veya sistik kanaldan [safra kesesi karsinomu (SKK)] ya da safra kanallarından [kolanjiyokarsinom (KKA)] kaynaklanan invaziv tümörlerin bir spektrumunu ifade eder. SYK’lar tüm insan kanserlerinin %1'inden azını oluşturur. Genellikle ilk tanı anında ileri evrede olan bu hastaların sağkalım süreleri kısadır. Eğer hasta erken evrede yakalanabilmişse en iyi tedavi seçeneği cerrahi rezeksiyondur. Hasta opere olamıyorsa ya da metastatikse tedavide kemoterapi, immünoterapi ve hedefe yönelik tedaviler kullanabilir. SYK’lar da hasta opere olsa bile genellikle ilk iki yıl içerisinde nüks görülmektedir. Ayrıca kullanılan tedavilerinde birçok yan etkisi görülebilmektedir. Bu sebeple safra yolu kanseri olan hastalarda takip çok önemlidir. Bu hastalar için evrensel olarak kullanılan bir takip klavuzu bulunmamaktadır. Bu bölümde güncel kanser klavuzları ve bilimsel araştırmalar incelenerek safra kesesi ve safra yolu kanseri olan hastaların nasıl takip edileceğini ele aldık.
Bile tract cancers (BCCs) refer to a spectrum of invasive tumors originating from the gallbladder or cystic duct [gallbladder carcinoma (CCC)] or the bile ducts [cholangiocarcinoma (CCA)]. BCCs constitute less than 1% of all human cancers. These patients, who are usually in advanced stages at the time of initial diagnosis, have a short survival. If the patient is diagnosed at an early stage, the best treatment option is surgical resection. If the patient cannot undergo surgery or is metastatic, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapies can be used in treatment. Even if the patient undergoes surgery, recurrence is usually seen within the first two years in BCCs. In addition, many side effects can be seen in the treatments used. For this reason, follow-up is very important in patients with bile duct cancer. There is no universally used follow-up guide for these patients. In this section, we have reviewed current cancer guidelines and scientific research and discussed how to follow up patients with gallbladder and bile duct cancer.
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