Adenovirus Enfeksiyonları
Özet
Kanatlı adenovirusları (Fowl adenovirus, FAdV) 5 genotip ve 12 serotipe sahip, çift sarmallı bir DNA viruslarıdır. FAdV'lerin neden olduğu hastalıklar asemptomatik seyredebildiği gibi, hepatit hidroperikardiyum sendromu (Hepatitis/Hydropericardium Syndrome, HHS/HPS), inklüzyon cisimcikli hepatit (Inclusion Body Hepatitis, IBH), adenoviral mide erozyonu (Adenoviral Gizzard Erosion, AGE), akciğer rahatsızlıkları, kaslarda ve organlarda kanamalara neden olan klinik semptomlarla da seyredebilmektedir. Adenoviruslar ayrıca hindilerde hemorajik enteritis (Turkey Hemorrhagic Enterit, THE) ve yumurtacı tavuklarda yumurta düşüklüğü sendromu’na (Egg Drop Syndrome, EDS’76) neden olurlar. Kanatlı adenovirusları üç grupta sınıflandırılmaktadır: Grup 1-Aviadenovirus, kanatlı hayvanlarda en yaygın olanıdır ve çoğunlukla etçi tavuklarda IBH, HHS ve GE’ye neden olur. Grup 2-Siadenovirus cinsi hindilerde hemorajik enterit ve sülünlerde Mermer Dalak hastalığına (Marble Spleen Disease, MSD) neden olan virusları içerir. Grup 3-Atadenovirus cinsi ise yumurta tavuklarında önemli bir hastalık olan Egg Drop Syndrome’a (EDS ‘76) neden olan virusu içerir. Kanatlılarda Adenovirusların oluşturduğu bu hastalıklar tüm dünyada kanatlı endüstrisinde bildirilmiştir ve kontrol altına alınmasında biyogüvenlik önlemleri yanında bazı ülkelerde canlı ve inaktif aşılar kullanılmaktadır. Hastalığın zoonoz önemi bulunmamaktadır.
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