Klostridiyal Enfeksiyonlar
Özet
Botulizm hastalığına neden olan asıl etken C. botulinum’dur. Ancak C. baratii ve C. butyricum’unda botulinum toksini ürettiği ve hastalığa neden olduğu belirlenmiştir. C. botulinum Gram pozitif, sporlu, çomak şekilli bir bakteridir. Botulinum toksini üreten Clostridium türleri 6 grupta toplanmıştır. C. botulinum Grup I, Grup II, Grup III ve Grup IV, C. baratii ve C. butyricum. Hayvanlarda botulizm Grup III ve C, D, C/D ve D/C mozaik serotipleri nedeniyle oluşmaktadır. Kanatlılarda tipA, tipC ve Grup III’e bağlı enfeksiyonlar şekillenmektedir. Kuşlarda bacaklardan başlayan ve tüm vücuda yayılan gevşek felçlerle karakterizedir. Kesin tanı için felç harici bir bulgu yoktur ve tanı çoğu zaman toksinin varlığı ile saptanmaktadır. Aşılar ve düzenli dezenfeksiyon ile hastalığın kontrolü kapalı popülasyonlarda sağlanabilmektedir.
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