Yoğun Bakımda Ağrı Fizyolojisi
Özet
Ağrı, hoş olmayan duyusal ve duygusal bir deneyimdir. Bu deneyim, bireyi zararlı etkenlerden koruma işlevi görmekte ve hastalıkların teşhisinde önemli bilgiler sağlamaktadır. Ağrı, basit bir algı ve tepki mekanizması değil, karmaşık sinirsel etkileşimler bütünüdür. Ağrı deneyimi üzerinde sinir sisteminin önemli bir kontrolü bulunmaktadır. Son yıllarda ağrıyla ilgili yapılan çok sayıda araştırma, nosisepsiyonun fizyolojik ve patolojik işleyişine dair yeni perspektifler sunmuştur. Bu bilgiler, farklı bireylerde ağrı özelliklerindeki çeşitliliğin nedenlerini daha iyi anlamamıza yardımcı olmakta ve mevcut tedavi yaklaşımlarındaki gelişmelere katkıda bulunmaktadır. Bu bölümde, ağrı fizyolojisiyle ilgili periferik ve santral nöral mekanizmalar hakkında genel bir bakış sunulmaktadır.
Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience. This experience functions to protect the individual from harmful factors and provides important information in the diagnosis of diseases. Pain is not a simple perception and response mechanism, but a complex set of neural interactions. The nervous system has important control over the experience of pain. In recent years, numerous studies on pain have provided new perspectives on the physiological and pathological functioning of nociception. This information helps us better understand the causes of variation in pain characteristics in different individuals and contributes to improvements in current treatment approaches. This chapter provides an overview of peripheral and central neural mechanisms related to pain physiology.
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