From Diagnosis to Treatment: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Özet
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders affecting women of reproductive age and is characterized by a heterogeneous clinical and biochemical presentation. Diagnosis involves evaluating clinical hyperandrogenism, menstrual irregularities, and polycystic ovarian morphology via imaging. The pathophysiology of PCOS prominently features insulin resistance, hormonal imbalances, chronic inflammation, and oxidative stress. Management requires a multidisciplinary approach, integrating lifestyle modifications (diet, exercise), pharmacological treatments (metformin, oral contraceptives, antiandrogens), and fertility management strategies. PCOS is notably associated with significant health complications, including infertility, metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular diseases.
Polikistik Over Sendromu (PCOS), üreme çağındaki kadınları etkileyen en sık görülen endokrin bozukluklardan birisi olup, klinik ve biyokimyasal olarak heterojen bir yapıya sahiptir. PCOS tanısı; klinik olarak hiperandrojenizm bulguları, adet düzensizlikleri ve ultrasonografide polikistik over morfolojisinin değerlendirilmesine dayanır. Patofizyolojisinde insülin direnci, hormonal düzensizlikler, kronik inflamasyon ve oksidatif stres temel rol oynar. Tedavide multidisipliner yaklaşım önemlidir ve yaşam tarzı değişiklikleri (diyet, egzersiz), farmakolojik tedaviler (metformin, oral kontraseptifler, antiandrojenler) ve infertilite tedavilerini (ovülasyon indüksiyonu gibi) içeren kapsamlı stratejiler uygulanır. PCOS, infertilite, metabolik sendrom, diyabet ve kardiyovasküler hastalıklar gibi önemli sağlık sorunlarıyla ilişkilidir.
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