Prostigmata
Özet
Prostigmata akarları, epikutikula ve cerotegument gibi benzersiz yapıları nedeniyle diğer akar türlerinden farklıdır. Gelişmiş palplara, çeşitli duyu organlarına ve beslenme ile hareketi destekleyen kemoreseptörlere sahiptirler. Prostigmata akarları arasında birçok ektoparazit tür bulunur. Örneğin, Cheyletoidea üstailesi, çeşitli omurgalı ve omurgasızlarda yaşayan parazitleri içerir. Ereynetidae akarları genellikle serbest yaşayan türlerdir; ancak bazıları zorunlu ektoparazit olarak yaşar. Trombiculidae ailesinin larvaları deri ve lenf ile beslenirken, Demodicidae ailesine ait akarlar insan ve hayvanların kıl foliküllerinde yaşar ve demodikozis olarak bilinen bir hastalığa yol açabilir. Ayrıca, Psorergatidae ve Cheyletiellidae ailelerine ait bazı türler hayvanlarda dermatite neden olabilir. Bazı akarlar konağa özeldir, yani belirli türler üzerinde yaşarlar. Örneğin, Pterygosomatidae kertenkelelerde, Syringophilidae kuşların tüylerinde, Myobiidae kemirgenler ve yarasalarda, Tarsonemidae bal arılarında, Harpirhynchidae ise belirli diğer hayvanlarda bulunur. Pyemotidae ailesine ait akarlar insekta larvalarında parazit olarak yaşar ve biyolojik mücadelede kullanılır; ancak insanlarda alerjik reaksiyonlara neden olabilirler. Prostigmata akarları tıp ve veteriner hekimlik alanında önemli bir rol oynar ve bazıları ciddi hastalıklara yol açabilir.
Prostigmatic mites are distinct from other types of mites due to their unique structures, such as the epicuticle and cerotegument. They possess developed palps, various sensory organs, and chemoreceptors that aid in feeding and movement. Many ectoparasitic species can be found among prostigmatic mites. For instance, the superfamily Cheyletoidea comprises parasites that inhabit various vertebrates and invertebrates. Ereynetidae mites are typically free-living; however, some are obligate ectoparasites. The larvae of Trombiculidae feed on skin and lymph, while Demodicidae reside in the hair follicles of humans and animals, potentially causing a condition known as demodicosis. Additionally, species from the Psorergatidae and Cheyletiellidae families can lead to dermatitis in animals. Some mites are host-specific, meaning they live on particular species. For instance, Pterygosomatidae are ectoparasites found on lizards, Syringophilidae inhabit the feathers of birds, Myobiidae are associated with rodents and bats, Tarsonemidae target honey bees, and Harpirhynchidae are found on certain other animals. Pyemotidae parasitize insect larvae and are used in biological control; however, they may cause allergic reactions in humans. Prostigmatic mites play an important role in medicine and veterinary medicine, and some can cause serious diseases.
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