Sarcophagidae
Özet
Sarcophagidae ailesi, Diptera takımına ait ve tıbbi, veteriner ve adli bilimler açısından büyük öneme sahip geniş bir sinek grubudur. Üç alt aileye ayrılır: Miltogramminae, Paramacronychiinae ve Sarcophaginae. Sarcophaginae, nekrofajik, saprofajik ve parazitoid türleri barındırır ve halk arasında “et sinekleri” olarak bilinir. Bu sineklerin larvipar üreme sistemi, yumurtadan çıkan larvaların doğrudan canlı konaklara veya çürüyen organik maddelere bırakılmasını sağlar. Özellikle Wohlfahrtia magnifica ve Sarcophaga haemorrhoidalis gibi türler, travmatik miyaza neden olarak hayvanlarda ciddi sağlık sorunlarına ve ekonomik kayıplara yol açabilir. Sarcophagidae sinekleri, leşler üzerinde gelişim gösterdiğinden adli entomolojide ölüm sonrası zaman tahmininde kullanılır. Ayrıca, Miltogramminae türleri kleptoparazit yaşam biçimleriyle dikkat çekerken, Paramacronychiinae üyeleri predatör veya parazitoid özellikler sergileyebilir. Veteriner ve halk sağlığı açısından, bu sinekler bakteri ve virüsleri mekanik olarak taşıyabilir, dolayısıyla hastalıkların yayılmasında rol oynarlar. Bu bölüm, Sarcophagidae ailesinin sistematiği, biyolojisi, ekolojisi, morfolojik özellikleri, halk sağlığı ve veteriner hekimlikteki önemi ile adli entomolojideki rolünü kapsamlı bir şekilde ele almaktadır.
The Sarcophagidae family, belonging to the order Diptera, is a medically, veterinary, and forensicly significant group of flies. It consists of three subfamilies: Miltogramminae, Paramacronychiinae, and Sarcophaginae. The Sarcophaginae subfamily, commonly known as “flesh flies”, includes necrophagous, saprophagous, and parasitoid species. These flies exhibit larviparous reproduction, meaning they deposit live larvae directly onto decomposing organic matter or live hosts. Species such as Wohlfahrtia magnifica and Sarcophaga haemorrhoidalis are known to cause traumatic myiasis, leading to severe health issues and economic losses in livestock. Because Sarcophagidae larvae colonize carcasses early, they are crucial in forensic entomology for postmortem interval estimation. Additionally, Miltogramminae species display kleptoparasitic behavior, while Paramacronychiinae includes predatory or parasitoid species. From a public health and veterinary perspective, these flies serve as mechanical vectors of pathogens, contributing to disease transmission. This chapter provides a comprehensive discussion on the taxonomy, biology, ecology, morphology, and significance of Sarcophagidae in public health, veterinary medicine, and forensic science.
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