Peri-İmplantitisin Cerrahi Olmayan ve Cerrahi Tedavisi
Özet
Dental implantlar travma, çürük veya diğer nedenlerle dişlerini kaybetmiş hastalar için popüler ve etkili bir tedavi seçeneğidir. Dental implantlar yüksek sağkalım oranlarına sahip olmasına rağmen peri-implant hastalıkların gelişmesi oldukça yaygındır. Peri-implantitis, dental implantların etrafındaki dokularda meydana gelen, peri-implant mukozada inflamasyon ve destekleyici kemikte ilerleyici kayıp ile karakterize patolojik bir durumdur. Son 30 yılda, peri-implantitis diş hekimliğinde önemli bir hastalık yükü oluşturmuştur.
Peri-implantitis tedavisinin ana hedefi enfeksiyonun etkin şekilde kontrol edilmesi ve implant yüzeyindeki disbiyotik biyofilmin uzaklaştırılması yoluyla enflamatuar sürecin durdurulmasıdır. Peri-implantitis tedavisi, cerrahi olmayan tedavi ile başlayıp yeterli olmadığı takdirde cerrahi müdahale ile devam eden aşamalı bir tedavi yaklaşımını takip etmelidir. Peri-implantitisin cerrahi olmayan tedavisi için farklı tedavi protokolleri uygulanmıştır. Bu tedaviler, kanama eğiliminin ve cep derinliğinin azalması gibi klinik iyileşmeler sağlasa da, özellikle ilerlemiş lezyonlarda sınırlı klinik iyileşmeler göstermiş olup hastalığı tamamen elimine edememiştir. Bu nedenle, cerrahi olmayan tedaviden sonra hastalık belirtileri gösteren vakalarda peri-implant defektlere daha iyi erişim sağlayan cerrahi tedavi seçenekleri uygulanmalıdır.
Cerrahi tedavi protokolleri, peri-implantitisin daha etkili bir şekilde klinik ve radyografik iyileşmesine olanak tanımaktadır. Ancak, hastanın ağız hijyenini düzenli olarak sağlaması ve destekleyici bakım randevularına uyması ile bu iyileşmeler sürdürülebilir olmaktadır.
Dental implants represent a prevalent and efficacious treatment modality for patients who have suffered tooth loss due to various etiologies, including trauma, caries, or other factors. Despite the high survival rates associated with dental implants, the development of peri-implant diseases is a prevalent concern. Peri-implantitis is a pathological condition characterized by inflammation of the peri-implant mucosa and progressive loss of supporting bone. Over the last 30 years, peri-implantitis has constituted a remarkable disease burden in dentistry.
The primary objective of peri-implantitis treatment is to stop the inflammatory process by effectively managing the infection and removing the dysbiotic biofilm on the implant surface. A stepwise approach to treatment is recommended, commencing with non-surgical interventions and progressing to surgical procedures if deemed necessary. A range of treatment protocols have been employed for the non-surgical management of peri-implantitis, with the objective of achieving clinical improvements, such as reduced bleeding tendency and pocket depth. However, these treatments have yielded only limited clinical benefits, particularly in advanced lesions, and have not fully eliminated the disease. Consequently, surgical treatment options that facilitate access to peri-implant defects should be considered in cases that demonstrate signs of disease following non-surgical treatment.
Surgical treatment protocols have proven more effective clinical and radiographic healing of peri-implantitis. However, these improvements can be sustained with regular oral hygiene and attendance at supportive care appointments.
Referanslar
Pandey C, Rokaya D, Bhattarai BP. Contemporary Concepts in Osseointegration of Dental Implants: A Review. BioMed Research International. 2022;2022:6170452. doi:10.1155/2022/6170452
Schiegnitz E, Müller LK, Sagheb K, et al. Clinical long-term and patient-reported outcomes of dental implants in oral cancer patients. International Journal of Implant Dentistry. 2021;7(1):93. doi:10.1186/s40729-021-00373-4
Wilson TG, Jr., Miller RJ, Trushkowsky R, et al. Tapered Implants in Dentistry: Revitalizing Concepts with Technology: A Review. Advances in Dental Research. 2016;28(1):4-9. doi:10.1177/0022034516628868
Heimes D, Becker P, Pabst A, et al. How does dental implant macrogeometry affect primary implant stability? A narrative review. International Journal of Implant Dentistry. 2023;9(1):20. doi:10.1186/s40729-023-00485-z
Brånemark PI, Adell R, Breine U, et al. Intra-osseous anchorage of dental prostheses. I. Experimental studies. Scandinavian Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1969;3(2):81-100. doi:10.3109/02844316909036699
Berglundh T, Armitage G, Araujo MG, et al. Peri-implant diseases and conditions: Consensus report of workgroup 4 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2018;45 Suppl 20:S286-s291. doi:10.1111/jcpe.12957
Renvert S, Persson GR, Pirih FQ, et al. Peri-implant health, peri-implant mucositis, and peri-implantitis: Case definitions and diagnostic considerations. Journal of Periodontology. 2018;89 Suppl 1:S304-s312. doi:10.1002/jper.17-0588
Leonhardt A, Renvert S, Dahlén G. Microbial findings at failing implants. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 1999;10(5):339-345. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0501.1999.100501.x
Sanz M, Chapple IL. Clinical research on peri-implant diseases: consensus report of Working Group 4. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2012;39 Suppl 12:202-206. doi:10.1111/j.1600-051X.2011.01837.x
Jepsen S, Berglundh T, Genco R, et al. Primary prevention of peri-implantitis: managing peri-implant mucositis. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2015;42 Suppl 16:S152-157. doi:10.1111/jcpe.12369
Schwarz F, Derks J, Monje A, et al. Peri-implantitis. Journal of Periodontology. 2018;89 Suppl 1:S267-s290. doi:10.1002/jper.16-0350
Schwarz F, Derks J, Monje A, et al. Peri-implantitis. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2018;45 Suppl 20:S246-s266. doi:10.1111/jcpe.12954
Galindo-Moreno P, López-Martínez J, Caba-Molina M, et al. Morphological and immunophenotypical differences between chronic periodontitis and peri-implantitis - a cross-sectional study. European Journal of Oral Implantology. 2017;10(4):453-463.
Sanz M, Alandez J, Lazaro P, et al. Histo-pathologic characteristics of peri-implant soft tissues in Brånemark implants with 2 distinct clinical and radiological patterns. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 1991;2(3):128-134. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0501.1991.020305.x
Kröger A, Hülsmann C, Fickl S, et al. The severity of human peri-implantitis lesions correlates with the level of submucosal microbial dysbiosis. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2018;45(12):1498-1509. doi:10.1111/jcpe.13023
Aoki M, Takanashi K, Matsukubo T, et al. Transmission of periodontopathic bacteria from natural teeth to implants. Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research. 2012;14(3):406-411. doi:10.1111/j.1708-8208.2009.00260.x
Belibasakis GN, Manoil D. Microbial Community-Driven Etiopathogenesis of Peri-Implantitis. Journal of Dental Research. 2021;100(1):21-28. doi:10.1177/0022034520949851
Tsigarida AA, Dabdoub SM, Nagaraja HN, et al. The Influence of Smoking on the Peri-Implant Microbiome. Journal of Dental Research. 2015;94(9):1202-1217. doi:10.1177/0022034515590581
BinShabaib MS, Mehmood A, Akram Z, et al. Peri-implant clinical and radiographic status and whole salivary cotinine levels among cigarette and waterpipe smokers and never-smokers. Journal of Oral Science. 2018;60(2):247-252. doi:10.2334/josnusd.17-0221
Costa FO, Lages EJP, Cortelli SC, et al. Association between cumulative smoking exposure, span since smoking cessation, and peri-implantitis: a cross-sectional study. Clinical Oral Investigations. 2022;26(7):4835-4846. doi:10.1007/s00784-022-04451-8
Preshaw PM, Alba AL, Herrera D, et al. Periodontitis and diabetes: a two-way relationship. Diabetologia. 2012;55(1):21-31. doi:10.1007/s00125-011-2342-y
Bartold PM, Van Dyke TE. Periodontitis: a host-mediated disruption of microbial homeostasis. Unlearning learned concepts. Periodontology 2000. 2013;62(1):203-217. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0757.2012.00450.x
Ferreira SD, Silva GL, Cortelli JR, et al. Prevalence and risk variables for peri-implant disease in Brazilian subjects. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2006;33(12):929-935. doi:10.1111/j.1600-051X.2006.01001.x
Gómez-Moreno G, Aguilar-Salvatierra A, Rubio Roldán J, et al. Peri-implant evaluation in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: a 3-year study. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2015;26(9):1031-1035. doi:10.1111/clr.12391
Laine ML, Loos BG, Crielaard W. Gene polymorphisms in chronic periodontitis. International Journal of Dentistry. 2010;2010:324719. doi:10.1155/2010/324719
Eguia Del Valle A, López-Vicente J, Martínez-Conde R, et al. Current understanding of genetic polymorphisms as biomarkers for risk of biological complications in implantology. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry. 2018;10(10):e1029-e1039. doi:10.4317/jced.55141
Canullo L, Tallarico M, Radovanovic S, et al. Distinguishing predictive profiles for patient-based risk assessment and diagnostics of plaque induced, surgically and prosthetically triggered peri-implantitis. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2016;27(10):1243-1250. doi:10.1111/clr.12738
Avila-Ortiz G, Gonzalez-Martin O, Couso-Queiruga E, et al. The peri-implant phenotype. Journal of Periodontology. 2020;91(3):283-288. doi:10.1002/jper.19-0566
Wennström JL, Derks J. Is there a need for keratinized mucosa around implants to maintain health and tissue stability? Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2012;23 Suppl 6:136-146. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0501.2012.02540.x
Lin GH, Chan HL, Wang HL. The significance of keratinized mucosa on implant health: a systematic review. Journal of Periodontology. 2013;84(12):1755-1767. doi:10.1902/jop.2013.120688
Millen C, Brägger U, Wittneben JG. Influence of prosthesis type and retention mechanism on complications with fixed implant-supported prostheses: a systematic review applying multivariate analyses. International Journal of Oral Maxillofacial Implants. 2015;30(1):110-124. doi:10.11607/jomi.3607
Lemos CA, de Souza Batista VE, Almeida DA, et al. Evaluation of cement-retained versus screw-retained implant-supported restorations for marginal bone loss: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 2016;115(4):419-427. doi:10.1016/j.prosdent.2015.08.026
Berglundh T, Persson L, Klinge B. A systematic review of the incidence of biological and technical complications in implant dentistry reported in prospective longitudinal studies of at least 5 years. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2002;29 Suppl 3:197-212; discussion 232-193. doi:10.1034/j.1600-051x.29.s3.12.x
Sun TC, Chen CJ, Gallucci GO. Prevention and management of peri-implant disease. Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research 2023;25(4):752-766. doi:10.1111/cid.13206
Lindquist LW, Carlsson GE, Jemt T. A prospective 15-year follow-up study of mandibular fixed prostheses supported by osseointegrated implants. Clinical results and marginal bone loss. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 1996;7(4):329-336. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0501.1996.070405.x
Lee CT, Huang HY, Sun TC, et al. Impact of Patient Compliance on Tooth Loss during Supportive Periodontal Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Journal of Dental Research. 2015;94(6):777-786. doi:10.1177/0022034515578910
Figuero E, Graziani F, Sanz I, et al. Management of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. Periodontology 2000. 2014;66(1):255-273. doi:10.1111/prd.12049
Pontoriero R, Tonelli MP, Carnevale G, et al. Experimentally induced peri-implant mucositis. A clinical study in humans. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 1994;5(4):254-259. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0501.1994.050409.x
Schwarz F, Mihatovic I, Golubovic V, et al. Experimental peri-implant mucositis at different implant surfaces. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2014;41(5):513-520. doi:10.1111/jcpe.12240
Herrera D, Berglundh T, Schwarz F, et al. Prevention and treatment of peri-implant diseases-The EFP S3 level clinical practice guideline. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2023;50 Suppl 26:4-76. doi:10.1111/jcpe.13823
Renvert S, Hirooka H, Polyzois I, et al. Diagnosis and non-surgical treatment of peri-implant diseases and maintenance care of patients with dental implants - Consensus report of working group 3. Int Dent J. 2019;69(Suppl 2):12-17. doi:10.1111/idj.12490
Ji YJ, Tang ZH, Wang R, et al. Effect of glycine powder air-polishing as an adjunct in the treatment of peri-implant mucositis: a pilot clinical trial. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2014;25(6):683-689. doi:10.1111/clr.12123
Menezes KM, Fernandes-Costa AN, Silva-Neto RD, et al. Efficacy of 0.12% Chlorhexidine Gluconate for Non-Surgical Treatment of Peri-Implant Mucositis. Journal of Periodontology. 2016;87(11):1305-1313. doi:10.1902/jop.2016.160144
Porras R, Anderson GB, Caffesse R, et al. Clinical response to 2 different therapeutic regimens to treat peri-implant mucositis. Journal of Periodontology. 2002;73(10):1118-1125. doi:10.1902/jop.2002.73.10.1118
Thöne-Mühling M, Swierkot K, Nonnenmacher C, et al. Comparison of two full-mouth approaches in the treatment of peri-implant mucositis: a pilot study. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2010;21(5):504-512. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0501.2009.01861.x
Berglundh T, Wennström JL, Lindhe J. Long-term outcome of surgical treatment of peri-implantitis. A 2-11-year retrospective study. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2018;29(4):404-410. doi:10.1111/clr.13138
Renvert S, Lessem J, Dahlén G, et al. Topical minocycline microspheres versus topical chlorhexidine gel as an adjunct to mechanical debridement of incipient peri-implant infections: a randomized clinical trial. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2006;33(5):362-369. doi:10.1111/j.1600-051X.2006.00919.x
Hallström H, Persson GR, Lindgren S, et al. Systemic antibiotics and debridement of peri-implant mucositis. A randomized clinical trial. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2012;39(6):574-581. doi:10.1111/j.1600-051X.2012.01884.x
Tomasi C, Wennström JL. Full-mouth treatment vs. the conventional staged approach for periodontal infection control. Periodontology 2000. 2009;51:45-62. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0757.2009.00306.x
Renvert S, Polyzois I, Claffey N. How do implant surface characteristics influence peri-implant disease? Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2011;38 Suppl 11:214-222. doi:10.1111/j.1600-051X.2010.01661.x
Heitz-Mayfield LJ, Salvi GE, Botticelli D, et al. Anti-infective treatment of peri-implant mucositis: a randomised controlled clinical trial. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2011;22(3):237-241. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0501.2010.02078.x
Schenk G, Flemmig TF, Betz T, et al. Controlled local delivery of tetracycline HCl in the treatment of periimplant mucosal hyperplasia and mucositis. A controlled case series. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 1997;8(5):427-433. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0501.1997.080510.x
Yang SM, Park JB, Ko Y. Use of confocal microscopy for quantification of plastic remnants on rough titanium after instrumentation and evaluation of efficacy of removal. International Journal of Oral Maxillofacial Implants. 2015;30(3):519-525. doi:10.11607/jomi.3500
Karring ES, Stavropoulos A, Ellegaard B, et al. Treatment of peri-implantitis by the Vector system. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2005;16(3):288-293. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0501.2005.01141.x
John G, Becker J, Schwarz F. Rotating titanium brush for plaque removal from rough titanium surfaces--an in vitro study. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2014;25(7):838-842. doi:10.1111/clr.12147
Atieh MA, Almatrooshi A, Shah M, et al. Airflow for initial nonsurgical treatment of peri-implantitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research. 2022;24(2):196-210. doi:10.1111/cid.13072
Hentenaar DFM, De Waal YCM, Stewart RE, et al. Erythritol airpolishing in the non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis: A randomized controlled trial. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2021;32(7):840-852. doi:10.1111/clr.13757
Wang H, Li W, Zhang D, et al. Adjunctive photodynamic therapy improves the outcomes of peri-implantitis: a randomized controlled trial. Austrailan Dental Journal. 2019;64(3):256-262. doi:10.1111/adj.12705
Arısan V, Karabuda ZC, Arıcı SV, et al. A randomized clinical trial of an adjunct diode laser application for the nonsurgical treatment of peri-implantitis. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery. 2015;33(11):547-554. doi:10.1089/pho.2015.3956
Schwarz F, Sculean A, Rothamel D, et al. Clinical evaluation of an Er:YAG laser for nonsurgical treatment of peri-implantitis: a pilot study. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2005;16(1):44-52. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0501.2004.01051.x
Cosgarea R, Roccuzzo A, Jepsen K, et al. Efficacy of mechanical/physical approaches for implant surface decontamination in non-surgical submarginal instrumentation of peri-implantitis. A systematic review. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2023;50 Suppl 26:188-211. doi:10.1111/jcpe.13762
Büchter A, Meyer U, Kruse-Lösler B, et al. Sustained release of doxycycline for the treatment of peri-implantitis: randomised controlled trial. British Journal of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery. 2004;42(5):439-444. doi:10.1016/j.bjoms.2004.06.005
Gomi K, Matsushima Y, Ujiie Y, et al. Full-mouth scaling and root planing combined with azithromycin to treat peri-implantitis. Austrailan Dental Journal. 2015;60(4):503-510. doi:10.1111/adj.12257
Shibli JA, Ferrari DS, Siroma RS, et al. Microbiological and clinical effects of adjunctive systemic metronidazole and amoxicillin in the non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis: 1 year follow-up. Brazilian Oral Research. 2019;33(suppl 1):e080. doi:10.1590/1807-3107bor-2019.vol33.0080
Blanco C, Pico A, Dopico J, et al. Adjunctive benefits of systemic metronidazole on non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis. A randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2022;49(1):15-27. doi:10.1111/jcpe.13564
Carcuac O, Derks J, Charalampakis G, et al. Adjunctive Systemic and Local Antimicrobial Therapy in the Surgical Treatment of Peri-implantitis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Journal of Dental Research. 2016;95(1):50-57. doi:10.1177/0022034515601961
Tada H, Masaki C, Tsuka S, et al. The effects of Lactobacillus reuteri probiotics combined with azithromycin on peri-implantitis: A randomized placebo-controlled study. Journal of Prosthodontic Research. 2018;62(1):89-96. doi:10.1016/j.jpor.2017.06.006
Laleman I, Pauwels M, Quirynen M, et al. The usage of a lactobacilli probiotic in the non-surgical therapy of peri-implantitis: A randomized pilot study. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2020;31(1):84-92. doi:10.1111/clr.13555
Faggion CM, Jr., Listl S, Frühauf N, et al. A systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials on non-surgical treatments for peri-implantitis. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2014;41(10):1015-1025. doi:10.1111/jcpe.12292
Schwarz F, Jepsen S, Obreja K, et al. Surgical therapy of peri-implantitis. Periodontology 2000. 2022;88(1):145-181. doi:10.1111/prd.12417
Albaker AM, ArRejaie AS, Alrabiah M, et al. Effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in open flap debridement in the treatment of peri-implantitis: A randomized controlled trial. Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy. 2018;23:71-74. doi:10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.05.003
Toma S, Brecx MC, Lasserre JF. Clinical Evaluation of Three Surgical Modalities in the Treatment of Peri-Implantitis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. J Clin Med. 2019;8(7). doi:10.3390/jcm8070966
Cha JK, Lee JS, Kim CS. Surgical Therapy of Peri-Implantitis with Local Minocycline: A 6-Month Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Journal of Dental Research. 2019;98(3):288-295. doi:10.1177/0022034518818479
Hallström H, Persson GR, Lindgren S, et al. Open flap debridement of peri-implantitis with or without adjunctive systemic antibiotics: A randomized clinical trial. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2017;44(12):1285-1293. doi:10.1111/jcpe.12805
Heitz-Mayfield LJA, Salvi GE, Mombelli A, et al. Supportive peri-implant therapy following anti-infective surgical peri-implantitis treatment: 5-year survival and success. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2018;29(1):1-6. doi:10.1111/clr.12910
Renvert S, Polyzois I. Treatment of pathologic peri-implant pockets. Periodontology 2000. 2018;76(1):180-190. doi:10.1111/prd.12149
Keeve PL, Koo KT, Ramanauskaite A, et al. Surgical Treatment of Periimplantitis With Non-Augmentative Techniques. Implant Dentistry. 2019;28(2):177-186. doi:10.1097/id.0000000000000838
de Waal YC, Raghoebar GM, Huddleston Slater JJ, et al. Implant decontamination during surgical peri-implantitis treatment: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2013;40(2):186-195. doi:10.1111/jcpe.12034
de Waal YC, Raghoebar GM, Meijer HJ, et al. Implant decontamination with 2% chlorhexidine during surgical peri-implantitis treatment: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2015;26(9):1015-1023. doi:10.1111/clr.12419
Carcuac O, Derks J, Abrahamsson I, et al. Surgical treatment of peri-implantitis: 3-year results from a randomized controlled clinical trial. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2017;44(12):1294-1303. doi:10.1111/jcpe.12813
Koldsland OC, Wohlfahrt JC, Aass AM. Surgical treatment of peri-implantitis: Prognostic indicators of short-term results. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2018;45(1):100-113. doi:10.1111/jcpe.12816
Hentenaar DFM, De Waal YCM, Strooker H, et al. Implant decontamination with phosphoric acid during surgical peri-implantitis treatment: a RCT. International Journal of Implant Dentistry. 2017;3(1):33. doi:10.1186/s40729-017-0091-5
Sarmiento HL, Norton M, Korostoff J, et al. Surgical Alternatives for Treating Peri-implantitis. International Journal of Periodontics & Restorative Dentistry. 2018;38(5):665-671. doi:10.11607/prd.3639
Stuani VT, Kim DM, Nagai M, et al. Effectiveness and surface changes of different decontamination protocols at smooth and minimally rough titanium surfaces. Journal of Periodontology. 2021;92(5):704-715. doi:10.1002/jper.20-0324
Ramel CF, Lüssi A, Özcan M, et al. Surface roughness of dental implants and treatment time using six different implantoplasty procedures. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2016;27(7):776-781. doi:10.1111/clr.12682
Schwarz F, John G, Becker J. The influence of implantoplasty on the diameter, chemical surface composition, and biocompatibility of titanium implants. Clinical Oral Investigations. 2017;21(7):2355-2361. doi:10.1007/s00784-016-2030-x
Chan HL, Oh WS, Ong HS, et al. Impact of implantoplasty on strength of the implant-abutment complex. International Journal of Oral Maxillofacial Implants. 2013;28(6):1530-1535. doi:10.11607/jomi.3227
Romeo E, Ghisolfi M, Murgolo N, et al. Therapy of peri-implantitis with resective surgery. A 3-year clinical trial on rough screw-shaped oral implants. Part I: clinical outcome. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2005;16(1):9-18. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0501.2004.01084.x
Englezos E, Cosyn J, Koole S, et al. Resective Treatment of Peri-implantitis: Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes After 2 Years. International Journal of Periodontics & Restorative Dentistry. 2018;38(5):729-735. doi:10.11607/prd.3386
Jepsen S, Schwarz F, Cordaro L, et al. Regeneration of alveolar ridge defects. Consensus report of group 4 of the 15th European Workshop on Periodontology on Bone Regeneration. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2019;46 Suppl 21:277-286. doi:10.1111/jcpe.13121
Ramanauskaite A, Obreja K, Sader R, et al. Surgical Treatment of Periimplantitis With Augmentative Techniques. Implant Dentistry. 2019;28(2):187-209. doi:10.1097/id.0000000000000839
Tomasi C, Regidor E, Ortiz-Vigón A, et al. Efficacy of reconstructive surgical therapy at peri-implantitis-related bone defects. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2019;46 Suppl 21:340-356. doi:10.1111/jcpe.13070
Isler SC, Unsal B, Soysal F, et al. The effects of ozone therapy as an adjunct to the surgical treatment of peri-implantitis. Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science. 2018;48(3):136-151. doi:10.5051/jpis.2018.48.3.136
Schwarz F, Sahm N, Schwarz K, et al. Impact of defect configuration on the clinical outcome following surgical regenerative therapy of peri-implantitis. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2010;37(5):449-455. doi:10.1111/j.1600-051X.2010.01540.x
Schwarz F, Herten M, Sager M, et al. Comparison of naturally occurring and ligature-induced peri-implantitis bone defects in humans and dogs. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2007;18(2):161-170. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0501.2006.01320.x
Schwarz F, Sahm N, Iglhaut G, et al. Impact of the method of surface debridement and decontamination on the clinical outcome following combined surgical therapy of peri-implantitis: a randomized controlled clinical study. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2011;38(3):276-284. doi:10.1111/j.1600-051X.2010.01690.x
de Tapia B, Valles C, Ribeiro-Amaral T, et al. The adjunctive effect of a titanium brush in implant surface decontamination at peri-implantitis surgical regenerative interventions: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2019;46(5):586-596. doi:10.1111/jcpe.13095
Schwarz F, John G, Schmucker A, et al. Combined surgical therapy of advanced peri-implantitis evaluating two methods of surface decontamination: a 7-year follow-up observation. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2017;44(3):337-342. doi:10.1111/jcpe.12648
Galarraga-Vinueza ME, Obreja K, Magini R, et al. Volumetric assessment of tissue changes following combined surgical therapy of peri-implantitis: A pilot study. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2020;47(9):1159-1168. doi:10.1111/jcpe.13335
Ramanauskaite A, Tervonen T. The Efficacy of Supportive Peri-Implant Therapies in Preventing Peri-Implantitis and Implant Loss: a Systematic Review of the Literature. Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Research. 2016;7(3):e12. doi:10.5037/jomr.2016.7312
Lin CY, Chen Z, Pan WL, et al. The effect of supportive care in preventing peri-implant diseases and implant loss: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2019;30(8):714-724. doi:10.1111/clr.13496
Roccuzzo M, Layton DM, Roccuzzo A, et al. Clinical outcomes of peri-implantitis treatment and supportive care: A systematic review. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2018;29 Suppl 16:331-350. doi:10.1111/clr.13287
Heitz-Mayfield LJ, Aaboe M, Araujo M, et al. Group 4 ITI Consensus Report: Risks and biologic complications associated with implant dentistry. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2018;29 Suppl 16:351-358. doi:10.1111/clr.13307
Berglundh T, Mombelli A, Schwarz F, et al. Etiology, pathogenesis and treatment of peri-implantitis: A European perspective. Periodontology 2000. 2024. doi:10.1111/prd.12549
