Tularemi
Özet
Tularemi, Francisella tularensis adlı bakterinin sebep olduğu zoonotik bir hastalıktır. Kemiriciler, tavşanlar ve diğer hayvanlar bu bakteriyi taşıyabilir ve insanlara bulaştırabilir. Genellikle vektörler (örneğin, keneler veya sinekler) veya temas yoluyla insanlara geçer. Semptomları ateş, titreme, baş ağrısı, kas ağrıları, lenf bezlerinde şişme ve cilt lezyonlarıdır. Maruziyet şekline göre farklı klinik formları mevcuttur. Endemik bölgelerde şüphe ve hastalığın akla gelmesi önemlidir. Erken antibiyoterapi etkilidir. Tarım, avcılık ve doğa ile temas gibi faaliyetler hastalık riskini artırabilir. Özellikle tarım işçileri, veterinerler, avcılar ve ormanlık alanlarda çalışanlar risk altındadır. Koruyucu önlemler, hayvan temasını sınırlamak, koruyucu giysi kullanmak ve enfekte hayvan leşlerine dokunmamak gibi basit önlemlerle bulaşma riski azaltılabilir. Tularemi, nadir görülen bir hastalık olmasına rağmen, uygun önlemlerle enfeksiyon riski azaltılabilir.
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