Klinik İzole Sendrom
Özet
Klinik İzole Sendrom (KİS); en az 24 saat süren ve ateş veya enfeksiyon gibi başka bir nedenden kaynaklanmayan Multipl Skleroz (MS) ile ilgili ilk nörolojik semptom atağını tanımlamak için kullanılan terimdir. İlk atak anında kliniği ve radyolojik bulguları MS düşündürdüğü halde, MS tanı kriterlerini tam olarak karşılamayan hastada KİS düşünülür. KİS monofazik seyirli olup etkilenen bölgeye göre semptomlar monofokal ya da multifokal olabilir. En sık optik sinirler, spinal kord, beyin sapı ve serebellum etkilenir. Tanıda 2012 yılında yayınlanan Uluslararası Pediatrik Multiple Skleroz Çalışma Grubunda belirlenen KİS tanı kriterlerinden yararlanılır. İzlemde yeni semptom ve bulgular ortaya çıkıp MS tanısı alınabilir. Tanı yöntemlerindeki ve kriterlerdeki değişiklikler, MS’li kişilerin hastalık seyrinde giderek daha erken teşhis edilmesine ve tedaviye olanak sağlar.
Clinically Isolated Syndrome (CIS) is a term used to describe the initial neurological symptom attack related to Multiple Sclerosis (MS), lasting for a minimum of 24 hours and not attributable to other causes, such as fever or infection. While the clinical presentation and radiological findings at the time of the initial attack suggest MS, CIS is considered when the diagnostic criteria for MS are not fully met. The course of CIS is monophasic, and the manifestation of symptoms may be monofocal or multifocal, depending on the affected region. The most commonly affected areas include the optic nerves, spinal cord, brainstem, and cerebellum. The diagnosis is based on the criteria established by the International Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Study Group in 2012. During follow-up, new symptoms and findings may emerge, leading to an MS diagnosis. Advancements in diagnostic methodologies and criteria have enabled earlier identification and treatment of individuals with MS, thereby enhancing disease management and prognosis.
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