Pasteurellaceae (Pasteurella, Mannheimia, Haemophilus, Actinobacillus) Enfeksiyonları
Özet
Pasteurellaceae (Pasteurella, Mannheimia, Haemophilus, Actinobacillus) enfeksiyonlarına neden olan bakteri türleri, hayvanlarda özellikle mukozal sisteme lokalize olan komensal bakteriler olup, hayvanlarda bağışıklık sisteminin zayıf düştüğü durumlarda klinik belirtiler oluşturmaktadır. Çiftlik hayvanları yanında pek çok hayvan türünde bu bakterilere bağlı enfeksiyonlar oluşmaktadır. Bu ailede en sık görülen cinsler içinde yer alan Pasteurella, Mannheimia ve Haemophilus türleri özellikle solunum sistemi ile seyreden enfeksiyonlardan izole edilmektedir. Histophilus ve Actinobacillus türlerinden kaynaklanan enfeksiyonlarda ise lokal belirtiler yanında septisemiye varabilen klinik belirtiler oluşmaktadır. Bu enfeksiyonların teşhisinde laboratuvar muayeneleri, bakteriyolojik izolasyon ve identifikasyon önemli bir yere sahiptir. Bu şekilde izole edilen bakteriler için yapılacak antibiyogram spesifik tedavide kullanılacak antibiyotiklerin seçiminde oldukça önemlidir. Koruma ve kontrolde aşılamalar ön planda olup, hayvanların bakım-besleme koşullarının iyileştirilmesi ve stres faktörlerinin ortadan kaldırılması etkili önlemler içinde yer alır.
Pasteurellaceae (Pasteurella, Mannheimia, Haemophilus, Actinobacillus) are commensal bacteria that cause infections. They are localized, especially in animals' mucosal systems, and cause clinical symptoms in animals with reduced immune systems. In addition to farm animals, infections due to these bacteria occur in many animal species. Pasteurella, Mannheimia, and Haemophilus species, which are among the most common genera in this family, are isolated especially from infections that progress to the respiratory system. In infections caused by Histophilus and Actinobacillus species, in addition to local symptoms, clinical symptoms that can lead to septicemia occur. Laboratory examinations, bacteriological isolation, and identification have an important place in the diagnosis of these infections. The antibiogram for the bacteria isolated in this way is very important in the selection of antibiotics to be used in specific treatments. Vaccination is at the forefront of protection and control, and improving animal care and feeding conditions and eliminating stress factors are among the effective measures.
Referanslar
Actinobacillus spp. Infections (18 Eylül 2024 tarihinde https://www.anipedia.org/resources/actinobacillus-spp-infections/855 adresinden ulaşılmıştır.)
Andrew N. Rycroft, Lisa H. Garside Actinobacillus Species and their Role in Animal Disease. The Veterinary Journal. 2000;159 (1):18-36.
Aydın N. Pasteurella, Mannheimia, Haemophilus ve Actinobacillus İnfeksiyonları. Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji (Bakteriyel Hastalıklar). 2006. P.173-193. İlke-Emek Yayınları Edt. Aydın N., Paracıkoğlu J.
Bazargani, T., Tafti, K., Atyabi, & Faghanizadeh. An Unusual Occurrence of Actinobacillosis in Heifers and Cows in A Dairy Herd in Tehran suburb-Iran. Archives of Razi Institute, 2010. 65, 105-110.6. Infectious Coryza (15 Ağustos 2024 tarihinde https://poultrydvm.com/condition/infectious-coryza#google_vignette adresinden ulaşılmıştır.)
Biberstein EL, Hirs CD. Pasteurella, Actinobacillus. Veterinary Microbiology. 1999. p. 135-141. Blackwell Science Edt: Hirsh D, Zee Y C.
Biberstein EL. Haemophilus. Veterinary Microbiology. 1999. p. 144-147. Blackwell Science Edt: Hirsh D, Zee Y C.
Bkiri D, Semmate N, Boumart Z, Safini N, Fakri FZ, Bamouh Z, Tadlaoui KO, Fellahi S, Tligui N, Fihri OF, El Harrak M. Biological and molecular characterization of a sheep pathogen isolate of Mannheimia haemolytica and leukotoxin production kinetics. Veterinary World. 2021;14(8):2031-2040. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.2031-2040.
Caffarena RD, Rabaza A, Casaux L, et al. Natural lymphatic (“atypical”) actinobacillosis in cattle caused by Actinobacillus lignieresii. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. 2018;30(2):218-225. doi:10.1177/1040638717742621
Cuccato M, Divari S, Ciaramita S, Sereno A, Campelli D, Biolatti PG, Biolatti B, Meliota F, Bollo E, Cannizzo FT. Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Serotypes by Multiplex PCR Identification and Evaluation of Lung Lesions in Pigs from Piedmont (Italy) Farms. Animals (Basel). 2024; 3;14(15):2255. doi: 10.3390/ani14152255.
D’Amico F, Messina D, Casalino G, Schiavitto M, Bove A, Romito D, D’Onghia FP, Camarda A, Circella E. Characterisation of Pasteurella multocida Strains from Different Lesions in Rabbits. Animals 2024; 14, 1569. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/ani14111569
Desem MI, Handharyani E, Setiyono A, Safika S, Subekti DT, Ekawasti F. Morphology, Biochemical, and Molecular Characterization of Pasteurella multocida Causing Hemorrhagic Septicemia in Indonesia. Veterinary Medicine International.2023; 11:7778707. doi: 10.1155/2023/7778707.
Glaesserella parasuis and Glasser’s disease (21 Ağustos 2024 tarihinde https://vetmed.iastate.edu/vdpam/FSVD/swine/index-diseases/ adresinden ulaşılmıştır.)
Harper M, Boyce JD, Adler B. Pasteurella multocida pathogenesis: 125 years after Pasteur. FEMS Microbiology Letters. 2006;265(1):1-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2006.00442.
Kulathunga DGRS, Fakher AA, Costa MO. Actinobacillus suis isolated from diseased pigs are phylogenetically related but harbour different number of toxin gene copies in their genomes. Vet Record Open. 2022; 9: e45. https://doi.org/10.1002/vro2.45
Mannheimia haemolytica (12 Eylük 2024 tarihinde https://atlas.sund.ku.dk/microatlas/veterinary/bacteria/Mannheimia_haemolytica/ adresinden ulaşılmıştır.)
Pasteurella multocida (10 Ağustos 2024 tarihinde https://atlas.sund.ku.dk/interatlas/ adresinden ulaşılmıştır.)
Pasteurella multocida infections (05 Ekim 2024 tarihinde https://doi.org/10.1079/cabicompendium.7091adresinden ulaşılmıştır.)
Pasteurella spp. (02 Eylül 2024 tarihinde https://www.woah.org/app/uploads/2021/05/pasteurella-spp-infection-with.pdf adresinden ulaşılmıştır.)
Peng Z, Wang X, Zhou R, Chen H, Wilson BA, Wu B. Pasteurella multocida: genotypes and genomics. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews. 2019; 83:e00014-19. https://doi.org/10.1128/
Read L, Narrabri-Walgett DV, Slattery S. Histophilosis- Flock and Herd case studies. (15 Eylük 2024 tarihinde https://www.flockandherd.net.au/cattle/reader/histophilosis.html adresinden ulaşılmıştır.)
Scott, PR. Clinical presentation, auscultation recordings, ultrasonographic findings and treatment response of 12 adult cattle with chronic suppurative pneumonia: case study. Irish Veterinary Journal 2013; 66, 43. https://doi.org/10.1186/2046-0481-66-5
Singh K, Ritchey JW, Confer AW. Mannheimia haemolytica: bacterial-host interactions in bovine pneumonia. Veterinary Pathology. 2011;48(2):338-48. doi: 10.1177/0300985810377182.
Songer GJ, Post KW. Veteriner Hekimlik Mikrobiyolojisi (Hayvan Hastalığı Etkeni olan Bakteri ve Mantarlar). 2005. Çeviri Edt.Anğ Ö., Özgür NY.
Straw B.E, Zimmerman J.J, D'Allaire S, Taylor DJ. Diseases of swine.2013. John Wiley & Sons.
Stringer OW, Li Y, Bossé JT, Langford PR. JMM Profile: Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae: a major cause of lung disease in pigs but difficult to control and eradicate. Journal of Medical Microbiology. 2022; 71(3):001483. doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.001483. PMID: 35262474; PMCID: PMC9176268.
Wahyuni AETH, Tabbu CR, Artanto S, Setiawan DCB, Rajaguguk SI. Isolation, identification, and serotyping of Avibacterium paragallinarum from quails in Indonesia with typical infectious coryza disease symptoms. Veterinary World. 2018;11(4):519-524. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.519-524.
