Bartonella Enfeksiyonları
Özet
Bartonella enfeksiyonları, Bartonellaceae ailesine ait küçük, Gram negatif bakteriler tarafından kaynaklanır. Bartonella türleri dünya çapında memelilerde bulunur ve genellikle eritrositlere invazyon yapar. Bartonella'nın zoonotik potansiyeli yüksektir ve 21'den fazla tür insanlarda hastalığa neden olabilir. İnsanlarda en yaygın patojenler B. henselae, B. bacilliformis ve B. quintana'dır. Kediler ve köpekler de dahil olmak üzere evcil hayvanlarda çeşitli Bartonella türleri klinik hastalıklarla ilişkilendirilmiştir. Bartonella türleri genellikle kan emen eklembacaklılar aracılığıyla bulaşır. Bartonella'nın klinik belirtileri verruga peruana, basiller anjiomatozis, endokardit ve miyokardit gibi ciddi hastalıkları içerir. Doğru teşhis için serolojik, moleküler ve kültür teknikleri kullanılır. Antimikrobiyal tedavi enfeksiyonu tamamen ortadan kaldırmaz, ancak bakteriyemi seviyesini azaltabilir. Enfeksiyonun kontrolü biyogüvenlik, hijyen ve vektör kontrolüne dayanır.
Bartonella infections are caused by small, Gram-negative bacteria from the Bartonellaceae family. Bartonella species are found worldwide in mammals and typically invade erythrocytes. Bartonella has a high zoonotic potential and more than 21 species can cause disease in humans. The most common pathogens in humans are B. henselae, B. bacilliformis, and B. quintana. Various Bartonella species have been associated with clinical diseases in pets, including cats and dogs. Bartonella species are usually transmitted by blood-sucking arthropods. Clinical manifestations of Bartonella include serious diseases such as verruga peruana, bacillary angiomatosis, endocarditis, and myocarditis. Accurate diagnosis involves serological, molecular, and culture techniques. Antimicrobial treatment does not fully eradicate the infection but can reduce bacteremia levels. Controlling the infection relies on biosafety, hygiene, and vector control.
Referanslar
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