Salmonella Enfeksiyonları
Özet
Salmonella insanlarda ve hayvanlarda ekonomik öneme sahip zoonotik bir patojendir. Birçok evcil ve vahşi hayvan türünün bağırsağında kommensal olarak bulunmaktadır. Salmonella kaynaklı enfeksiyonlar evcil hayvanlarda asemptomatik formdan akut ve mortaliteyle sonuçlanabilen forma kadar geniş bir yelpazede seyir izleyebilmektedir. Etken sağlıklı hayvanların dışkıları ile saçılmakta ve çoğu zaman üretim ve/veya kesim sırasında dışkı-temas yoluyla hayvansal kökenli çiğ gıdaları kontamine etmektedir. Salmonella ile kontamine hayvansal ürünlerin tüketilmesi ile de insanlara bulaşabilmektedir. Ayrıca Salmonella da dahil olmak üzere bakteriyel patojenlerde artan antibiyotik direnci, küresel bir halk sağlığı sorunu haline gelmiştir. Bu nedenle insanlarda gıda kaynaklı salmonellozisin kontrolüne yönelik çalışmalar hem hayvanlarda etkenin izlenebilirliliği hem de çeşitli özellikleri ile epidemiyolojisinin anlaşılmasına odaklanmaktadır.
Salmonella is an economically important zoonotic pathogen in humans and animals. It is found as a commensal in the intestines of many domestic and wild animal species. Infections caused by Salmonella can follow a wide range of course in domestic animals, from asymptomatic forms to acute forms that may result in mortality. The agent is shed by the feces of healthy animals and often contaminates raw foods of animal origin through fecal contact during production and/or slaughter. It can also be transmitted to humans by consuming animal products contaminated with Salmonella. Additionally, increasing antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens, including Salmonella, has become a global public health problem. Therefore, studies on the control of foodborne salmonellosis in humans focus on both the monitorability of the agent in animals and the understanding of its various characteristics and epidemiology.
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