Hematolojik Hastalıkları Olan Çocuk ve Ergenlerde Konsültasyon-Liyezon Psikiyatrisi
Özet
Orak hücre hastalığı, talasemi ve hemofili gibi hematolojik hastalıklar hem hastalar hem de aileleri için duygusal ve sosyal açıdan önemli zorluklar yaratmaktadır. Yaşam kalitesindeki düşüş ve hastalığın getirdiği stres, bu hastalıklara sahip çocuk ve ergenlerde bilişsel, gelişimsel ve psikososyal etkilenmelerin yanı sıra psikiyatrik bozuklukların ve tedaviye uyum sorunlarının da yaygın görülmesine neden olabilir. Ayrıca, hematolojik maligniteler ile doğuştan veya sonradan kazanılmış malign olmayan birçok hastalığın tedavisinde kullanılan kemik iliği transplantasyonu, kapsamlı bir değerlendirme ve destek gerektiren özellikli bir süreçtir. Çocuk ve ergen psikiyatristleri, bu hastaların psikolojik ihtiyaçlarını belirleyip bilişsel ve psikiyatrik değerlendirmeler yaparak önemli bir rol üstlenmektedir. Psikososyal müdahalelerin rutin olarak uygulanması, hastaların ve ebeveynlerinin yaşam kalitesini artırmak, tedavi sürecine uyumu desteklemek ve uzun vadeli olumsuz etkileri azaltmak açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır. Hekimlerin ayrıca, psikotrop ilaçların hematolojik yan etkileri konusunda da bilgi sahibi olmaları gerekmektedir.
Hematological diseases such as sickle cell disease, thalassemia, and hemophilia pose significant emotional and social challenges for both patients and their families. The decrease in quality of life and the stress caused by the disease can cause cognitive, developmental, and psychosocial effects in children and adolescents with these diseases, as well as psychiatric disorders and treatment compliance problems. In addition, bone marrow transplantation, which is used in the treatment of hematological malignancies and many congenital or acquired nonmalignant diseases, is a special process that requires comprehensive evaluation and support. Child and adolescent psychiatrists play an important role by determining the psychological needs of these patients and conducting cognitive and psychiatric evaluations. Routine implementation of psychosocial interventions is of great importance in improving the quality of life of patients and their parents, supporting compliance with the treatment process, and reducing long-term adverse effects. Physicians also need to be knowledgeable about the hematological side effects of psychotropic drugs.
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