Bakır
Özet
İnsan vücudunda bakır önemli bir eser elementtir, enerji üretimi, demir metabolizması, nöropeptit aktivasyonu, bağ dokusu sentezi, nörotransmitter ve bağışıklık sistemi ile ilgili birçok önemli enzim için bir kofaktördür. Bakır hücre içi sinyal iletiminin düzenlenmesi, katekolamin dengesi, nöronların miyelinleşmesi için de gereklidir. Bakır, karaciğer, böbrek gibi sakatatlarda; fındık gibi kabuklu yemişlerde ve kakao içeren tüm ürünlerle alınır, ince bağırsaktan Ctr1 yoluyla emilir. Vücutta tipik olarak sadece küçük miktarlarda bakır depolanır ve büyük miktarda bakır safra ve idrar yoluyla atılır. Serbest Cu ileri derecede toksik olduğu için, hücre içinde metallotiyoneinlere bağlanarak nontoksik formda bulunmaktadır. Bakır metabolizmasının veya düzenleyici yolların işlevsizliği dengesizliğe bakır homeostazında, sayısız akut ve kronik patolojik duruma yol açabilir.
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