Vitamin B3 (Niasin)
Özet
Vitamin B3 alımında temel besin maddelerinin önde gelen kaynakları arasında maya, etler, özellikle de karaciğer gibi sakatatlar, tahıllar, baklagiller, alkali ile işlenmiş mısır (tortilla üretiminde gözlemlendiği gibi) ve tohumlar yer alır. Eksikliğinde mortaliteyle de ilişkili pellegra hastalığı görülür ve klasik triadı dermatit, demans ve diyare olarak tanımlanmıştır. Yüksek proteinli bir diyetle günlük niasin ihtiyacı karşılanabilmektedir. Yüksek dozda niasin, hiperlipidemi için etkili bir tedavi olarak tanımlanmıştır ve kardiyovasküler sağlığın iyileştirilmesine katkıda bulunmaktadır. Fakat terapötik dozlarda flushing, toksik dozlarda hepatit, trombositopeni, metabolik asidoz ve hipoglisemi gibi yan etkiler bildirilmiştir.
Leading sources of essential nutrients for vitamin B3 intake include yeast, meats, offal such as liver, grains, legumes, alkaline-treated corn (as observed in tortilla production), and seeds. Its deficiency causes pellagra disease, which is also associated with mortality, and its classic triad has been defined as dermatitis, dementia and diarrhea. Daily niacin needs can be met with a high-protein diet. High doses of niacin have been identified as an effective treatment for hyperlipidemia and contribute to improved cardiovascular health. However, side effects such as flushing at therapeutic doses and hepatitis, thrombocytopenia, metabolic acidosis and hypoglycemia at toxic doses have been reported.
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