Gastrointestinal Sistemde ve Ürogenital Sistemde Yerleşen Protozoonlar
Özet
Bu bölümde, insan gastrointestinal ve ürogenital sistemine yerleşerek enfeksiyon yapabilen protozoon parazitler anlatılacaktır. Protozoon parazitler, tüm dünyada yaygın olarak görülürler ve bulaşıcı hastalıklara neden olurlar. Bu protozoonlar, çoğunlukla az gelişmiş ya da gelişmekte olan ülkeleri etkilerken, gelişmiş ülkelerde de ciddi hastalıklara ve hatta salgınlara neden olabilirler. Giardia intestinalis, tüm dünyada en sık görülen ancak yaşamı tehdit etmeyen gastrointestinal semptomlara neden olan protozoondur. Entamoeba histolytica’nın neden olduğu amebiyaz (amipli dizanteri) ise, çok daha nadir görülmekle birlikte, ağır klinik tabloya neden olur. Koksidyen bir protozoon olan Cryptosporidium spp. ise; sağlıklı bireylerde kendini sınırlayan ishale neden olurken, AIDS’li veya diğer immünosüpresif hastalıkları olan kişilerde tedavisi zor, yaşamı tehdit eden hastalığa yol açabilir. Bu bölümde incelenecek olan bir diğer protozoon olan Trichomonas vaginalis ürogenital sistemi enfekte eden tek flajellattır ve tüm dünyada çok yaygın olarak görülür.
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