Gram Pozitif Aerop Sporsuz Basiller
Özet
Corynebacterium türlerinin çoğu insanlarda cilt florasının bir üyesidir. Ancak son yıllarda fırsatçı enfeksiyonlardan izole edilmeleriyle önem kazanmışlardır. Corynebacterium diphtheriae ise difteri hastalığının etkenidir ve başlıca virülans faktörü difteri toksinidir. Erysipelothrix türlerinden olan Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae insanlarda cilt enfeksiyonuna neden olur, nadiren endokardit ilişkili sistemik enfeksiyon yapar. Listeria monocytogenes kontamine gıdalarla vücuda alınır, sağlıklı yetişkinlerde gastroenterite, immünsupresif ve yaşlı bireylerde santral sinir sistemi tutulumu ile seyreden sistemik enfeksiyona neden olabilir. Gebelikte normal popülasyona göre daha sık görülür ve maternal-fetal enfeksiyon yapabilir. Nokardiyoz tipik olarak immünsüprese bireylerde fırsatçı enfeksiyon olarak görülür, ancak enfeksiyon nadiren immünokompetan bireylerde de ortaya çıkabilir. Cilt enfeksiyonu, akciğer nokardiyozu ve merkezi sinir sistemi nokardiyozu olarak görülebilir. Rhodococcus spp. farklı hayvan türlerinde ve insanlarda pulmoner ve ekstrapulmoner piyogranülomatöz enfeksiyonlara neden olur. Bildirilen vakaların %50’sinden fazlası çiftlik hayvanlarıyla, özellikle de atlarla temas, çiftlik tozuna maruz kalma ve bu hastalığa yakalanmış bireylerle birlikte yaşamayı içermektedir. Özellikle transplant alıcıları ve immünsüpresif bireyler risk altındadır. Bu hasta grubunda da sıklıkla pnömoni şeklinde seyretmekle birlikte birçok organı tutabilir.
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