Travmada Havayolu

World Health Organization. Global status report on road safety 2018. World Health Organization; 2018.

Jaber, S., Jung, B., Chanques, G. (2009). Endotracheal Intubation in the ICU. In: Vincent, JL. (eds) Intensive Care Medicine. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-92278-2_30

Davis DP, Peay J, Sise MJ, et al. The impact of prehospital endotracheal intubation on outcome in moderate to severe traumatic brain injury. J Trauma. 2005;58(5):933-939. doi:10.1097/01.ta.0000162731.53812.58

Gunning M, O'Loughlin E, Fletcher M, Crilly J, Hooper M, Ellis DY. Emergency intubation: a prospective multicentre descriptive audit in an Australian helicopter emergency medical service. Emerg Med J 2009 Jan 1;26(1):65–9.

Wikipedia. Respiratory System Complete. (01/08/2024 tarihinde https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Respiratory_system_complete_en.svg adresinden ulaşılmıştır).

Marieb EN, Hoehn KN. Human Anatomy & Physiology. 10th ed. Pearson; 2015.

Moore KL, Dalley AF, Agur AMR. Clinically Oriented Anatomy. 7th ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2013.

Patel A, Cladis FP, Steward DJ. Chapter 11: Pediatric Airway. In: Miller’s Anesthesia. 8th ed. Elsevier Saunders; 2015:509-554.

Litman RS, Weissend EE, Shibata D, Westesson PL. Developmental changes of laryngeal dimensions in unparalyzed, sedated children. Anesthesiology. 2003;98(1):41-45. doi:10.1097/00000542-200301000-00010

Finucane BT, Tsui BC, Santora AH, Finucane BT, Tsui BC, Santora AH. Anatomy of the Airway. Principles of Airway Management. 2011:1-25.

Di Cicco M, Kantar A, Masini B, Nuzzi G, Ragazzo V, Peroni D. Structural and functional development in airways throughout childhood: Children are not small adults. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2021;56(1):240-251. doi:10.1002/ppul.25169

Nakayama DK, Gardner MJ, Rowe MI. Emergency endotracheal intubation in pediatric trauma. Ann Surg. 1990;211(2):218-223. doi:10.1097/00000658-199002000-00015

Koka BV, Jeon IS, Andre JM, MacKay I, Smith RM. Postintubation croup in children. Anesth Analg. 1977;56(4):501-505. doi:10.1213/00000539-197707000-00008

West JB, John B. Respiratory Physiology: The Essentials. 9th ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011.

Weibel ER. Morphometry of the Human Lung. Springer Verlag and Academic Press; 2013.

Habler OP, Messmer KF. The physiology of oxygen transport. Transfus Sci. 1997;18(3):425-435. doi:10.1016/S0955-3886(97)00041-6

Krishna SG, Bryant JF, Tobias JD. Management of the Difficult Airway in the Pediatric Patient. J Pediatr Intensive Care. 2018;7(3):115-125. doi:10.1055/s-0038-1624576

Deem S, Bishop MJ. Evaluation and management of the difficult airway. Crit Care Clin. 1995;11(1):1-27.

Bhaskar B, Fraser JF. Negative pressure pulmonary edema revisited: Pathophysiology and review of management. Saudi J Anaesth. 2011;5(3):308-313. doi:10.4103/1658-354X.84108

Pietraś A, Markiewicz M, Mielnik-Niedzielska G. Rigid Bronchoscopy in Foreign Body Aspiration Diagnosis and Treatment in Children. Children (Basel). 2021;8(12):1206. Published 2021 Dec 20. doi:10.3390/children8121206

Kovacs G, Sowers N. Airway Management in Trauma. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2018;36(1):61-84. doi:10.1016/j.emc.2017.08.006

Brochard L. Ventilation-induced lung injury exists in spontaneously breathing patients with acute respiratory failure: Yes. Intensive Care Med. 2017;43:250–252. doi:10.1007/s00134-016-4645-4

Walls RM, Murphy MF. Manual of Emergency Airway Management, 4th ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2012.

Nolan JP, Soar J, Zideman DA, et al. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2010 Section 1. Executive summary. Resuscitation. 2010;81(10):1219-1276. doi:10.1016/j.resuscitation.2010.08.021

Mahadevan SV, Garmel GM, eds. In: An Introduction to Clinical Emergency Medicine. Cambridge University Press; 2012:i-ii.

Grensemann J, Simon M, Kluge S. Airway management in intensive care and emergency medicine : What is new?. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed. 2019;114(4):334-341. doi:10.1007/s00063-018-0498-7

Ajith P, Bandyopadhyay A, Meena SC, Jain K, Aggarwal S, Gupta SK. Direct laryngoscope versus McGRATH video-laryngoscope for tracheal intubation in trauma emergency: A randomised control trial. Am J Emerg Med. 2022;56:353-355. doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2021.09.042

Adnet F, Baillard C, Borron SW, et al. Randomized study comparing the "sniffing position" with simple head extension for laryngoscopic view in elective surgery patients. Anesthesiology. 2001;95(4):836-841. doi:10.1097/00000542-200110000-00009

Kheterpal S, Healy D, Aziz MF, et al. Incidence, predictors, and outcome of difficult mask ventilation combined with difficult laryngoscopy: A report from the Multicenter Perioperative Outcomes Group. Anesthesiology. 2013;119(6):1360-1369. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000435832.39353.20

Hodgetts TJ, Kenward G, Vlackonikolis I, et al. Incidence, location and reasons for avoidable in-hospital cardiac arrest in a district general hospital. Resuscitation. 2002;54(2):115-123. doi:10.1016/s0300-9572(02)00098-9

Neumar RW, Otto CW, Link MS, Kronick SL, Shuster M, Callaway CW, et al. Part 8: Adult advanced cardiovascular life support: 2010 American heart association guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care. Circulation. 2010;122(18 Suppl 3):S729-67.

Wanner A, Zighelboim A, Sackner MA. Nasopharyngeal airway: a facilitated access to the trachea. Annals of lnternal Medicine 1971; 75 593-5.

Greaves I, Porter K, Garner J. Trauma Care Manual. 2nd ed. CRC Press; 2008.

Dundar ZD, Ayranci MK, Kocak S, Girisgin AS. Bag-Valve-Mask versus Laryngeal Mask Airway Ventilation in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation with Continuous Compressions: A Simulation Study. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2021;36(2):189-194. doi:10.1017/S1049023X21000054

Soleimanpour M, Rahmani F, Ala A, et al. Comparison of four techniques on facility of two-hand Bag-valve-mask (BVM) ventilation: E-C, Thenar Eminence, Thenar Eminence (Dominant hand)-E-C (non-dominant hand) and Thenar Eminence (non-dominant hand) - E-C (dominant hand). J Cardiovasc Thorac Res. 2016;8(4):147-151. doi:10.15171/jcvtr.2016.30

Law JA, Broemling N, Cooper RM, et al. The difficult airway with recommendations for management-part 2-the anticipated difficult airway. Can J Anaesth. 2013;60(11):1119-1138. doi:10.1007/s12630-013-0020-x

Matehuala-Morán, Iván & Pérez, Axel & Fuentes-Alvarez, J. Rubén & Beltrán-Fernández, J. & Hernandez-Gilsoul, Thierry & Villaseñor, Pedro & Rojas-Vega, Lorena & Cadena, Miguel & Alfaro Ponce, Mariel. (2022). Design and Additive Construction of a Video-Laryngoscope for Endotracheal Intubation of Adult Patients. Frontiers in Materials. 9. 906851. 10.3389/fmats.2022.906851.

Nolan JP, Kelly FE. Airway challenges in critical care. Anaesthesia. 2011;66 Suppl 2:81-92. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2044.2011.06937.x

Brimacombe J. Laryngeal mask anesthesia: principles and practice. 2nd ed. Saunders; 2004.

Medscape Reference Libarary. Laryngeal Mask Airway (02/08/2024 tarihinde https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/82527-overview?form=fpf#a7 adresinden ulaşılmıştır.)

Cook TM, Gatward JJ, Handel J, et al. Evaluation of the LMA Supreme in 100 non-paralysed patients. Anaesthesia. 2009;64(5):555-562. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2044.2008.05824.x

Lewis SR, Butler AR, Parker J, Cook TM, Schofield-Robinson OJ, Smith AF. Videolaryngoscopy versus direct laryngoscopy for adult patients requiring tracheal intubation: a Cochrane Systematic Review. Br J Anaesth. 2017;119(3):369-383. doi:10.1093/bja/aex228

Kabrhel C, Thomsen TW, Setnik GS, Walls RM. Videos in clinical medicine. Orotracheal intubation. N Engl J Med. 2007;356. doi: 10.1056/NEJMvcm063574

Cheung NH, Napolitano LM. Tracheostomy: epidemiology, indications, timing, technique, and outcomes. Respir Care. 2014;59(6):895-919. doi:10.4187/respcare.02971

Smith J, Greaves I, Porter K. Oxford Desk Reference: Major Trauma Trauma. Oxford University Press; 2010.

Craig Hospital. Tracheostomy Guide. (11/08/2024 tarihinde https://craighospital.org/resources/tracheostomy-guide adresinden ulaşılmıştır.)

Schultz CH, Koenig KL, Noji EK. A medical disaster response to reduce immediate mortality after an earthquake. N Engl J Med. 1996;334(7):438-444. doi:10.1056/NEJM199602153340706

Tobin JM, Barras WP, Bree S, et al. Anesthesia for Trauma Patients. Mil Med. 2018;183(suppl_2):32-35. doi:10.1093/milmed/usy062

Chesnut RM, Temkin N, Carney N, et al. A trial of intracranial-pressure monitoring in traumatic brain injury [published correction appears in N Engl J Med. 2013 Dec 19;369(25):2465]. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(26):2471-2481. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1207363

ATLS Subcommittee, American College of Surgeons’ Committee on Trauma, International ATLS working group. Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS®): The Ninth Edition. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2013;74(5):1363-1366.

Austin N, Krishnamoorthy V, Dagal A. Airway management in cervical spine injury. Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci. 2014;4(1):50-56. doi:10.4103/2229-5151.128013

Welter S, Essaleh W. Management of tracheobronchial injuries. J Thorac Dis. 2020;12(10):6143-6151. doi:10.21037/jtd-2019-as-05

Hall T, Leeies M, Funk D, et al. Emergency airway management in a tertiary trauma centre (AIRMAN): a one-year prospective longitudinal study. Can J Anaesth. 2023;70(3):351-358. doi:10.1007/s12630-022-02390-2

Waydhas C, Prediger B, Kamp O, et al. Prehospital management of chest injuries in severely injured patients—a systematic review and clinical practice guideline update. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00068-024-02457-3

Karmy-Jones R, Jurkovich GJ, Nathens AB, et al. Timing of urgent thoracotomy for hemorrhage after trauma: a multicenter study. Arch Surg. 2001;136(5):513-518. doi:10.1001/archsurg.136.5.513.

Senanayake E, Smith G, Rooney S, Graham T, Greaves I. Chest drains-An overview. Trauma. 2017;19(2):86-93. doi:10.1177/1460408616676505.

Disma N, Asai T, Cools E, et al. Airway management in neonates and infants: European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care and British Journal of Anaesthesia joint guidelines. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2024;41(1):3-23. doi:10.1097/EJA.0000000000001928

Schmucker Agudelo E, Farré Pinilla M, Andreu Riobello E, et al. An update in paediatric airway management. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim (Engl Ed). 2022;69(8):472-486. doi:10.1016/j.redare.2022.08.001

Hsu G, von Ungern-Sternberg BS, Engelhardt T. Pediatric airway management. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2021;34(3):276-283. doi:10.1097/ACO.0000000000000993

Sohn L, Peyton J, von Ungern-Sternberg BS, Jagannathan N. Error traps in pediatric difficult airway management. Paediatr Anaesth. 2021;31(12):1271-1275. doi:10.1111/pan.14289

Goodnight WH, Soper DE. Pneumonia in pregnancy. Crit Care Med. 2005;33(10 Suppl):S390-S397. doi:10.1097/01.ccm.0000182483.24836.66

Hawkins JL, Chang J, Palmer SK, Gibbs CP, Callaghan WM. Anesthesia-related maternal mortality in the United States: 1979–2002. Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2011 Jan 1;117(1):69-74.

Halpern SH, Douglas MJ. Evidence-Based Obstetric Anesthesia. Wiley-Blackwell; 2008.

Cheek TG, Baird E. Anesthesia for nonobstetric surgery: maternal and fetal considerations. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2009;52(4):535-545. doi:10.1097/GRF.0b013e3181c11f60

Greenland KB, Edwards MJ, Hutton NJ. External Auditory Meatus-Sternal Notch Relationship in Adults Predicts Difficulty of Laryngoscopy in Obese Patients. Br J Anaesth. 2010;104(2):268-269.

Tsan SEH, Ng KT, Lau J, Viknaswaran NL, Wang CY. A comparison of ramping position and sniffing position during endotracheal intubation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Braz J Anesthesiol. 2020;70(6):667-677. doi:10.1016/j.bjan.2020.08.009

Seongheon L, Eun-A J, Minjae H, Hong-Beom B, Joungmin K. Ramped versus sniffing position in the videolaryngoscopy-guided tracheal intubation of morbidly obese patients: a prospective randomized study. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2023;76(1):47-55. doi:10.4097/kja.22268

Christine E, Whitten MD. Anyone Can Intubate (5th Ed.): A Step-by-Step Guide to Intubation & Airway Management. Mooncat Publications; 2013.

Liew WJ, Negar A, Singh PA. Airway management in patients suffering from morbid obesity. Saudi J Anaesth. 2022;16(3):314-321. doi:10.4103/sja.sja_90_22

Aziz MF, Dillman D, Fu R, Brambrink AM. Comparative effectiveness of the C-MAC video laryngoscope versus direct laryngoscopy in the setting of the predicted difficult airway. Anesthesiology. 2012;116(3):629-636. doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e318246ea34

Cavus E, Callies A, Doerges V, et al. The C-MAC videolaryngoscope for prehospital emergency intubation: a prospective, multicentre, observational study. Emerg Med J. 2011;28(8):650-653. doi:10.1136/emj.2010.098707

Miller RD, Eriksson LI, Fleisher LA, Wiener JP, Young WL. Miller's Anesthesia. 7th ed. Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier; 2009

McFadyen JG, Ramaiah R, Bhananker SM. Initial assessment and management of pediatric trauma patients. Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci. 2012;2(3):121-127. doi:10.4103/2229-5151.100888

Mosier J, Chiu S, Patanwala AE, Sakles JC. A comparison of the GlideScope video laryngoscope to the C-MAC video laryngoscope for intubation in the emergency department. Ann Emerg Med. 2013;61(4):414-420.e1. doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2012.11.001

Hagberg C. Benumof’s Airway Management: Principles and Practice. 2nd ed. Mosby Elsevier; 2007:263-292.

Mendelson CL. The aspiration of stomach contents into the lungs during obstetric anesthesia. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1946;52:191-205. doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(16)39829-5

Brown CA. The Walls Manual of Emergency Airway Management. 6th ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2022.

Lumb AB. Nunn’s Applied Respiratory Physiology. 7th ed. Churchill Livingstone; 2010.

Cook TM, Woodall N, Frerk C; Fourth National Audit Project. Major complications of airway management in the UK: results of the Fourth National Audit Project of the Royal College of Anaesthetists and the Difficult Airway Society. Part 1: anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth. 2011;106(5):617-631. doi:10.1093/bja/aer058