Spinal Travma, Spinal Şok, Nörojenik Şok
Özet
Spinal travmalar , kalıcı nörolojik hasar oranına sahip ciddi durumlar olmaya devam eden en önemli yaralanma tiplerindendir. Spinal travmalı hastalarda yüksek enerjili mekanizmaların varlığı ve merkezi sinir sistemindeki nöral rejenerasyondaki kısıtlılıklar tedavinin güç olmasının en temel sebeplerindendir. Bu nedenle travma hastalarına karşı olunmalıdır. Ayrıntılı bir anamnez ve detaylı bir fizik muayene nörolojik hasarın erken tespiti için önemini korumaktadır.
Referanslar
Hu X, Xu W, Ren Y, et al. Spinal cord injury: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions. Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy. 2023;8(1): 245.
Tortum F. Spinal Travmalar. Şener A (ed.) Acil Travma içinde. Ankara: Akademisyen Kitabevi; 2021. p. 79-93.
Hauwe LVD, Luc, Sundgren PC, Flanders AE. Spinal trauma and spinal cord injury (SCI). In Hodler J, Kubik-Huch RA, Schulthess GKV (eds.) Diseases of the Brain, Head and Neck, Spine 2020–2023: Diagnostic Imaging . Switzerland; 2020. p. 231-240.
Shoeibi A, Khodatar M, Jafari M, et al. Diagnosis of brain diseases in fusion of neuroimaging modalities using deep learning: A review. Information Fusion. 2023; 93: 85-117.
Stiles, J, Jernigan TL. The basics of brain development. Neuropsychology Review. 2010;20(4):327-348.
Bennett J, Das JM, Emmady PD. Spinal cord injuries. StatPearls Publishing. 2024.
Dinçer Ş, Taşdemir EN. Servikal Omurga Yaralanmaları. Turkiye Klinikleri Sports Medicine-Special Topics. 2021; 7(4): 7-12.
Özbakır MO, Çelik H. Torakolomber Omurga Travmalarına Giriş: Epidemiyoloji, Yaralanma Mekanizmaları, Sınıflamalar ve İnstabilitenin Değerlendirilmesi. Türk Nöroşirürji Dergsi. 2020; 30(3): 403-409.
Çelebi MM. Sakral Vertebra Yaralanmaları. Turkiye Klinikleri Sports Medicine-Special Topics. 2021; 7(4): 24-27.
Tokgöz N, Uçar M. Omurga Acilleri. TRD Sem. 2016; 4: 313-322.
Anjum A, Yazid MD, Daud MF, et al. Spinal cord injury: pathophysiology, multimolecular interactions, and underlying recovery mechanisms. International journal of molecular sciences. 2020; 21(20): 7533.
Kramer JLK, Minhas NK, jutzeler CR, et al. Neuropathic pain following traumatic spinal cord injury: Models, measurement, and mechanisms. Journal of neuroscience research. 2017; 95(6): 1295-1306.
İşleten B, Öztürk C, Hepgüler S. Travmatik Santral Kord Sendromu: Olgu Sunumu. Turkish Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation/Turkiye Fiziksel Tip ve Rehabilitasyon Dergisi. 2009; 55(3).
Abdulqader MN, Ismail M, Al-Khafaji AO, et al. Brown-Sequard syndrome associated with a spinal cord injury caused by a retained screwdriver: A case report and literature review. Surgical Neurology International. 2022; 13.
Lei CZ, Gong DJ, Zhou YF. Late onset white cord syndrome following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: A case report. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine. 2022; 25(1): 71.
Ocguder DA. Çoklu Travmalı Hastalarda Vertebra Kırıkları Ve Birlikte Gözlenen Yaralanmaların Değerlendirilmesi. Türk Tıp Dergisi. 2010; 4(1): 240-244.
Wang TY, Park C, Zhang H, et al. Management of acute traumatic spinal cord injury: a review of the literature. Frontiers in surgery. 2021; 8: 698736.
Vázquez RG, Velasco MEF, Fariña MM, et al. Update on traumatic acute spinal cord injury. Part 1. Medicina Intensiva (English Edition. 2017; 41(4): 237-247.
Sekhon LHS, , Fehlings MG. Epidemiology, demographics, and pathophysiology of acute spinal cord injury. Spine; 2001; 26(24): 2-12.
Ko HY. Revisit spinal shock: pattern of reflex evolution during spinal shock. Korean journal of neurotrauma. 2018; 14(2): 47.
Hadley MN, Walters BC, Grabb PA, et al. Blood pressure management after acute spinal cord injury. Neurosurgery. 2002; 50(3): 58-62.
Stokes S, Drozda M, Lee C. The past, present, and future of traumatic spinal cord injury therapies: a review. Bone & Joint Open. 2022; 3(5): 348-358.
Parra MW, Ordoñez CA, Mejia D, et al. Damage control approach to refractory neurogenic shock: a new proposal to a well-established algorithm. Colomb Med (Cali). 2021; 52(2): 4164800.
Guly HR, Bouamra O, Lecky FE. Trauma Audit and Research Network. The incidence of neurogenic shock in patients with isolated spinal cord injury in the emergency department. Resuscitation. 2008; 76(1): 57-62.
Krassioukov A, Claydon VE. The clinical problems in cardiovascular control following spinal cord injury: an overview. Progress in brain research. 2006; 152: 223-229.
Galvagno SM, Nahmias JT, Young DA. Advanced Trauma Life Support® Update 2019: Management and Applications for Adults and Special Populations. Anesthesiology Clinics. 2019; 37(1): 13-32.
Taylor MP, Wrenn P, O'Donnell AD. Presentation of neurogenic shock within the emergency department. Emergency Medicine Journal. 2017; 34(3): 157-162.
