Kişisel ve Sosyal Sorumluluk: Beden Eğitimi ve Spordaki Yeri Nedir?
Özet
Kişisel ve Sosyal Sorumluluk, bir bireyin hem kişisel hem de sosyal bağlamlarda görev ve eylemlerine ilişkin anlayışını ve bağlılığını ifade eder. Kişinin eylemlerinden sorumlu olmasını, etik kararlar almasını ve başkalarının ve toplumun bir bütün olarak refahına olumlu katkıda bulunmasını içerir. Hem kişisel hem de sosyal sorumluluk, daha uyumlu, etik ve gelişen bir toplum yaratmak için birlikte çalışır. Gençler için beden eğitimi bağlamında, kişisel ve sosyal sorumluluk, bir bireyin refahına ve toplum içinde olumlu etkileşimlere katkıda bulunan değerlerin, davranışların ve becerilerin geliştirilmesini ifade eder. Beden eğitimi, gençlere hem kendilerine hem de başkalarına karşı sorumluluk hakkında bilgi edinmeleri için bir platform sağlar. Bu kavramlar yalnızca fiziksel sağlıklarını değil, aynı zamanda sosyal ve duygusal gelişimlerini de şekillendirmede önemlidir. Beden eğitimi ve spor faaliyetlerinin, çocukların ve ergenlerin ahlaki davranışları öğrenmeleri ve yaşamdaki potansiyellerine ulaşmalarına ve başkalarının refahına katkıda bulunmalarına yardımcı olacak tutumlar geliştirmeleri için güçlü bir ortam sağladığı ve fiziksel ve sosyal, zihinsel ve psikolojik gelişimlerine olumlu katkıda bulunduğu bilinmektedir (Hsu, 2004) Bu bölümde, kişisel ve toplumsal sorumluluğun gençler için beden eğitimine nasıl entegre edilebileceği açıklanmaktadır.
Referanslar
Agbuga B., Xiang P., & McBride R. (2010). Achievement goals and their relations to children’s disruptive behaviors in an after-school physical activity program. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 29, 278–294
Agbuga, B., Xiang, P., & Mcbride, R. (2015). Relationship between Achievement Goals and Students’ Self-Reported Personal and Social Responsibility Behaviors. The Spanish journal of psychology, 18(22), 1-9.
Ağbuğa, B. (2014). Relationship between self-esteem and personal and social responsibility in young boxers. Pamukkale Journal of Sport Sciences, 5(2), 48-59.
Ames, C., Ames, R. (1984). Systems of student and teacher motivation: Toward a qualitative definition. Journal of Educational Psychology, 76, 535-556.
Brown, R.& Keith, A. (2014). Teaching personal and social responsibility. College of Physical Activity and Sport. west Virginia University.
Buğdayci, S. (2019). Examining Personal and Social Responsibility Levels of Secondary School Students Selçuk Universal Journal of Educational Research 7(1): 206-210.
Downing, J. H. (1996). Establishing a proactive discipline plan in elementary physical education. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation and Dance, 6, 25-30.
DuPaul, G. J., Hoff, K. E. (1998). Reducing disruptive behavior in general education classrooms: The use of self-management strategies. School Psychological Review, 27, 290-303.
Escarti,A, Pascual,C.& Gutierrez, M. (2005).Responsabilidad personal y social a traves de la education fascia y el deporte. Barcelona: Grao.
Escartí, A., Gutiérrez, M., Pascual, C., & Llopis, R. (2010) Implementation of the personal and social responsibility model to ımprove self-efficacy during physical education classes for primary school children, International Journal of Psychology and Psychological Therapy, 10, 387-402.
Freiberg, H. J. (1999). School climate: Measuring, improving, and sustaining healthy learning environments. London: Falmer Press.
Glover, Jonathan. On Responsibility. New York: Humanities Press, 1970.
Guan, J., McBride, R., Xiang, P. (2006) Reliability and validity evidence for the social goal scale-physical education in high school settings. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 25, 226-238
Hellison, D. (1995). Teaching responsibility through physical activity. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
Hellison, D. (2011). Teaching responsibility through physical activity. (3rd ed.). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
Hellison, D., Cutforth, N., Kallusky, J., Parker, M., Steihl, J. (2000). Youth development and physical activity: Linking universities and communities. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
Hellison, D., Martinek, T. (2006). Social and individual responsibility programs. In: D. Kirk, D. Macdonald, & M. O’Sullivan (Eds.), The handbook of physical education (pp. 610-626). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Hellison, D., & Walsh, D. (2002) Responsibility-based youth programs evaluation: Investigating the investigations. Quest, 54, 292-307.
Hsu, L. (2004). Moral thinking, sports rules and education. Sport, Education and Society, 14, 339-352.
Johnson, L. D., O’Malley, P. M., Bachman, J. G. (1999). Drug trends in 1999 among American teens are mixed. University of Michigan News and Information Services, 1-35.
Lavay, B. W., French, R.., & Henderson, H. L. (2006) Positive Behavior Management in a Physical Activity Setting (2nd ed.). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics Publishers.
Li, W., Wright, P. M., Rukavina, P., Pickering, M. (2008). Measuring students’ perceptions of personal and social responsibility and its relationship to intrinsic motivation in urban physical education. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 27, 167-178.
Lickona T. (1991). Educating for Character: How Our Schools Can Respect and Responsibility. New York: Bantam Books.
Llopis-Goig, R., A., Pascual, C., Gutiérrez, M. & Marin, D. (2011).Fortalezas, dificultades y aspectossusceptibles de mejoraen la aplicacion de un Programa de Responsabilidad Personal y SocialenEducacionFisica. Una evaluacion a partir de las percepciones de sus implementadores. Cultura y Educacion, 23(3),445-461.
Martinek, T., & Hellison, D. (1997) Fostering resiliency in underserved youth through physical activity. Quest, 49, 34-49.
Miller, S. C., Bredemeier, B. J. L. & Shields, D. L. L. (1997) Sociomoral education through physical education with at-risk children, Quest, 49, 114–129.
Mouloud, K. (2019). Hellison’s Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility Model through Physical and Sport Activity, Psychological & Educational Studies, 12(1), 300-308.
Okseon, L. (2012). Teacher Candidates' Implementation of the Personal and Social Responsibility Model in Field Experiences, Physical Educator, 69(2), 150-170.
Oswald, K., Safran, S., Johanson, G. (2005). Preventing trouble: Making schools saferplaces using positive behavior supports. Education and Treatment of Children,28, 265-278.
Parker, M. and Stiehl, J. (2005) Personal and social responsibility. In J. Lund and D. Tannehill (Eds) Standards-based Physical Education Curriculum Development (Boston, MA, Jones and Bartlett), 130–153.
Patrick, H., Hicks, L., & Ryan, A.M. (1997) Relations of perceived social effi cacy and social goal pursuit to self-efficacy for academic work. Journal of Early Adolescence, 17, 109-128.
Popkin, M. (1987). Active Parenting: Teaching, Cooperation and Responsibility. San Fransisco: Harper & Row Publishers.
Watson, D. L., Newton, M., Kim, M. (2003) Recognition of values-based constucts in a summer physical activity program. Urban Review, 35, 217-232.
Weissberg, R. P., Kumpfer, K. L., & Seligman, M. E. (2003).Prevention for children and youth that works: An introduction. American Psychologist, 58, 425-432.
Wright, P. M., & Burton, S. (2008) Implementation and outcomes of a responsibility-based physical activity program integrated into an intact high school physical education class. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 27, 138-154.
Wright, P. M., White, K., & Gaebler-Spira, D. (2004) Exploring the relevance of the personal and social responsibility model in adapted physical activity: A collective case study. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 23, 71-87.
Referanslar
Agbuga B., Xiang P., & McBride R. (2010). Achievement goals and their relations to children’s disruptive behaviors in an after-school physical activity program. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 29, 278–294
Agbuga, B., Xiang, P., & Mcbride, R. (2015). Relationship between Achievement Goals and Students’ Self-Reported Personal and Social Responsibility Behaviors. The Spanish journal of psychology, 18(22), 1-9.
Ağbuğa, B. (2014). Relationship between self-esteem and personal and social responsibility in young boxers. Pamukkale Journal of Sport Sciences, 5(2), 48-59.
Ames, C., Ames, R. (1984). Systems of student and teacher motivation: Toward a qualitative definition. Journal of Educational Psychology, 76, 535-556.
Brown, R.& Keith, A. (2014). Teaching personal and social responsibility. College of Physical Activity and Sport. west Virginia University.
Buğdayci, S. (2019). Examining Personal and Social Responsibility Levels of Secondary School Students Selçuk Universal Journal of Educational Research 7(1): 206-210.
Downing, J. H. (1996). Establishing a proactive discipline plan in elementary physical education. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation and Dance, 6, 25-30.
DuPaul, G. J., Hoff, K. E. (1998). Reducing disruptive behavior in general education classrooms: The use of self-management strategies. School Psychological Review, 27, 290-303.
Escarti,A, Pascual,C.& Gutierrez, M. (2005).Responsabilidad personal y social a traves de la education fascia y el deporte. Barcelona: Grao.
Escartí, A., Gutiérrez, M., Pascual, C., & Llopis, R. (2010) Implementation of the personal and social responsibility model to ımprove self-efficacy during physical education classes for primary school children, International Journal of Psychology and Psychological Therapy, 10, 387-402.
Freiberg, H. J. (1999). School climate: Measuring, improving, and sustaining healthy learning environments. London: Falmer Press.
Glover, Jonathan. On Responsibility. New York: Humanities Press, 1970.
Guan, J., McBride, R., Xiang, P. (2006) Reliability and validity evidence for the social goal scale-physical education in high school settings. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 25, 226-238
Hellison, D. (1995). Teaching responsibility through physical activity. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
Hellison, D. (2011). Teaching responsibility through physical activity. (3rd ed.). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
Hellison, D., Cutforth, N., Kallusky, J., Parker, M., Steihl, J. (2000). Youth development and physical activity: Linking universities and communities. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
Hellison, D., Martinek, T. (2006). Social and individual responsibility programs. In: D. Kirk, D. Macdonald, & M. O’Sullivan (Eds.), The handbook of physical education (pp. 610-626). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Hellison, D., & Walsh, D. (2002) Responsibility-based youth programs evaluation: Investigating the investigations. Quest, 54, 292-307.
Hsu, L. (2004). Moral thinking, sports rules and education. Sport, Education and Society, 14, 339-352.
Johnson, L. D., O’Malley, P. M., Bachman, J. G. (1999). Drug trends in 1999 among American teens are mixed. University of Michigan News and Information Services, 1-35.
Lavay, B. W., French, R.., & Henderson, H. L. (2006) Positive Behavior Management in a Physical Activity Setting (2nd ed.). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics Publishers.
Li, W., Wright, P. M., Rukavina, P., Pickering, M. (2008). Measuring students’ perceptions of personal and social responsibility and its relationship to intrinsic motivation in urban physical education. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 27, 167-178.
Lickona T. (1991). Educating for Character: How Our Schools Can Respect and Responsibility. New York: Bantam Books.
Llopis-Goig, R., A., Pascual, C., Gutiérrez, M. & Marin, D. (2011).Fortalezas, dificultades y aspectossusceptibles de mejoraen la aplicacion de un Programa de Responsabilidad Personal y SocialenEducacionFisica. Una evaluacion a partir de las percepciones de sus implementadores. Cultura y Educacion, 23(3),445-461.
Martinek, T., & Hellison, D. (1997) Fostering resiliency in underserved youth through physical activity. Quest, 49, 34-49.
Miller, S. C., Bredemeier, B. J. L. & Shields, D. L. L. (1997) Sociomoral education through physical education with at-risk children, Quest, 49, 114–129.
Mouloud, K. (2019). Hellison’s Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility Model through Physical and Sport Activity, Psychological & Educational Studies, 12(1), 300-308.
Okseon, L. (2012). Teacher Candidates' Implementation of the Personal and Social Responsibility Model in Field Experiences, Physical Educator, 69(2), 150-170.
Oswald, K., Safran, S., Johanson, G. (2005). Preventing trouble: Making schools saferplaces using positive behavior supports. Education and Treatment of Children,28, 265-278.
Parker, M. and Stiehl, J. (2005) Personal and social responsibility. In J. Lund and D. Tannehill (Eds) Standards-based Physical Education Curriculum Development (Boston, MA, Jones and Bartlett), 130–153.
Patrick, H., Hicks, L., & Ryan, A.M. (1997) Relations of perceived social effi cacy and social goal pursuit to self-efficacy for academic work. Journal of Early Adolescence, 17, 109-128.
Popkin, M. (1987). Active Parenting: Teaching, Cooperation and Responsibility. San Fransisco: Harper & Row Publishers.
Watson, D. L., Newton, M., Kim, M. (2003) Recognition of values-based constucts in a summer physical activity program. Urban Review, 35, 217-232.
Weissberg, R. P., Kumpfer, K. L., & Seligman, M. E. (2003).Prevention for children and youth that works: An introduction. American Psychologist, 58, 425-432.
Wright, P. M., & Burton, S. (2008) Implementation and outcomes of a responsibility-based physical activity program integrated into an intact high school physical education class. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 27, 138-154.
Wright, P. M., White, K., & Gaebler-Spira, D. (2004) Exploring the relevance of the personal and social responsibility model in adapted physical activity: A collective case study. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 23, 71-87.
