Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Hedefleri Odağında Meslek Hastalıklarına Kavramsal Bakış
Özet
İçinde bulunduğumuz 21. yüzyılda sosyal, politik ve teknolojik değişimler ile iklim değişikliği birleşmiş ve yeni ortaya çıkan COVID-19 pandemisi gibi sağlık riskleri ile çalışanların sağlık durumları üzerinde baskı oluşturarak meslek hastalıklarının ortaya çıkma eğilimini artırmıştır. Geleneksel işyeri tehlikeleri, yaralanmalara ve hastalıklara katkıda bulunmaya devam ederken, yeni ve/veya yeni tanınan mesleki faktörler belirgin hale gelmiştir. Değişen dünyada çalışanların sağlık risklerini değerlendirmedeki geleneksel mesleki güvenlik ve endüstriyel odak noktası, sağlıklı yaşam davranışlarını ve iş dışı faktörlerle etkileşimleri içeren daha bütünsel bir çerçeveye doğru kaymaktadır. Bu bölümde, günümüzde meslek hastalıklarının tanımından yola çıkılarak çalışanları etkileyen mesleki sağlık sorunları, “Sağlıklı İnsanlar 2030” hedefleri aracılığıyla incelenmiştir. Küresel zorlukların çalışanlara getirdiği dezavantajların mesleki epidemiyoloji gözüyle incelenmesi ve korunma stratejileri ile olumsuz etkilerin giderilmesi yönünde bilgiler içermektedir.
In the 21st century, social, political and technological changes and climate change have combined to create pressure on the health status of workers with newly emerging health risks, increasing the tendency for occupational diseases to occur. While traditional workplace hazards continue to contribute to injuries and illnesses, new and/or newly recognized occupational factors have become prominent. In the changing world, the traditional occupational safety and industrial focus in assessing workers’ health risks is shifting towards a more holistic framework that includes healthy lifestyle behaviors and interactions with non-work factors. In this section, occupational health problems affecting workers today are examined through the “Healthy People 2030” goals, starting from the definition of occupational diseases. It includes information on examining the disadvantages brought to workers by global challenges through the perspective of occupational epidemiology and on eliminating negative effects with protection strategies.
Referanslar
Akın L, Güler Ç. (2012). Halk Sağlığı Temel Bilgiler. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Yayınları, Ankara.
Celentano, D., & Szklo, M. (2019). Gordis epidemiology (6th ed.). Elsevier. https://books.google.com.tr/books/about/Gordis_Epidemiology.html?id=QrJ4ugEACAAJ&redir_esc=y.
Coggon, D. (2022). Estimating population burdens of occupational disease. Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health, 48(2), 83–85. https://doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.4007.
Hager, K. M., Brian, L. & Carrie, R. (2022). Occupational Disease in the 21st Century: COVID-19. Climate Change, and the Fourth Industrial Revolution. 10.2174/9789815049138122010004.
International Labour Organization. (2009). Meeting of Experts on the Revision of the List of Occupational Diseases. Recommendation No. 194, Geneva.
International Labour Organization. (2010). ILO List of Occupational Diseases (revised 2010). https://www.ilo.org/publications/ilo-list-occupational-diseases-revised-2010.
International Labour Office (2014). Safety and health at work: a vision for sustainable prevention: XX World Congress on Safety and Health at Work 2014: Global Forum for Prevention, 24–27 August 2014, Frankfurt, Germany/International Labour Office, Geneva: ILO, 2014.
International Labour Office (2017). Relevant SDG Targets related to Health and Safety at the Workplace. https://www.ilo.org/resource/relevant-sdg-targets-related-health-and-safety-workplace.
Min, J., Kim, Y., Lee, S., Jang, T. W., Kim, I., & Song, J. (2019). The Fourth Industrial Revolution and Its Impact on Occupational Health and Safety, Worker's Compensation and Labor Conditions. Saf Health Work, 10(4), 400-408. doi: 10.1016/j.shaw.2019.09.005.
Nash, D., Skoufalos, A., Fabius, R., & Oglesby, W. (2021). Population health: Creating a culture of wellness (3rd ed.). Jones & Bartlett Publishing.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration. (2024). https://www.osha.gov/occupational-epidemiology.
Pega, F., Hamzaoui, H., Náfrádi, B., Momen, N. C. (2022). Global, regional and national burden of disease attributable to 19 selected occupational risk factors for 183 countries, 2000-2016: a systematic analysis from the WHO/ILO joint estimates of the work-related burden of disease and injury. Scand J Work Environ Health, 48(2), 158–68. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.5271/ sjweh.4001.
Petts, D., Wren, M., Nation, B. R., Guthrie, G., Kyle, B., Peters, L., Mortlock, S., Clarke, S., & Burt, C. (2021). A Short History of Occupational Disease: 2. Asbestos, Chemicals, Radium and Beyond. Ulster Med J, 90(1), 32-34.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020). Healthy People 2030 framework. https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/About-Healthy-People/Development-Healthy-People-2030/Framework.
World Health Organization. (1994). Constitution of the World Health Organization (40th ed.).
World Health Organization. (2017). Social determinants of health. www.who.int/social_determinants/en/.
World Health Organization. (2018). Health inequities and their causes. https://www.who.int/news-room/facts-in-pictures/detail/health-inequities-and-their-causes.
World Health Organization. (2021). WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury. 2000-2016: global monitoring report. Geneva: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/ 9789240034945.
World Health Organization. (2022). WHO Director-General’s keynote speech at the opening ceremony of the World Health Summit – 16 October 2022, Geneva. https://www.who.int/director-general/ speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-keynote-speech-at-the-opening-ceremony-of-the-world-health-summit---16-october-2022.
Referanslar
Akın L, Güler Ç. (2012). Halk Sağlığı Temel Bilgiler. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Yayınları, Ankara.
Celentano, D., & Szklo, M. (2019). Gordis epidemiology (6th ed.). Elsevier. https://books.google.com.tr/books/about/Gordis_Epidemiology.html?id=QrJ4ugEACAAJ&redir_esc=y.
Coggon, D. (2022). Estimating population burdens of occupational disease. Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health, 48(2), 83–85. https://doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.4007.
Hager, K. M., Brian, L. & Carrie, R. (2022). Occupational Disease in the 21st Century: COVID-19. Climate Change, and the Fourth Industrial Revolution. 10.2174/9789815049138122010004.
International Labour Organization. (2009). Meeting of Experts on the Revision of the List of Occupational Diseases. Recommendation No. 194, Geneva.
International Labour Organization. (2010). ILO List of Occupational Diseases (revised 2010). https://www.ilo.org/publications/ilo-list-occupational-diseases-revised-2010.
International Labour Office (2014). Safety and health at work: a vision for sustainable prevention: XX World Congress on Safety and Health at Work 2014: Global Forum for Prevention, 24–27 August 2014, Frankfurt, Germany/International Labour Office, Geneva: ILO, 2014.
International Labour Office (2017). Relevant SDG Targets related to Health and Safety at the Workplace. https://www.ilo.org/resource/relevant-sdg-targets-related-health-and-safety-workplace.
Min, J., Kim, Y., Lee, S., Jang, T. W., Kim, I., & Song, J. (2019). The Fourth Industrial Revolution and Its Impact on Occupational Health and Safety, Worker's Compensation and Labor Conditions. Saf Health Work, 10(4), 400-408. doi: 10.1016/j.shaw.2019.09.005.
Nash, D., Skoufalos, A., Fabius, R., & Oglesby, W. (2021). Population health: Creating a culture of wellness (3rd ed.). Jones & Bartlett Publishing.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration. (2024). https://www.osha.gov/occupational-epidemiology.
Pega, F., Hamzaoui, H., Náfrádi, B., Momen, N. C. (2022). Global, regional and national burden of disease attributable to 19 selected occupational risk factors for 183 countries, 2000-2016: a systematic analysis from the WHO/ILO joint estimates of the work-related burden of disease and injury. Scand J Work Environ Health, 48(2), 158–68. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.5271/ sjweh.4001.
Petts, D., Wren, M., Nation, B. R., Guthrie, G., Kyle, B., Peters, L., Mortlock, S., Clarke, S., & Burt, C. (2021). A Short History of Occupational Disease: 2. Asbestos, Chemicals, Radium and Beyond. Ulster Med J, 90(1), 32-34.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020). Healthy People 2030 framework. https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/About-Healthy-People/Development-Healthy-People-2030/Framework.
World Health Organization. (1994). Constitution of the World Health Organization (40th ed.).
World Health Organization. (2017). Social determinants of health. www.who.int/social_determinants/en/.
World Health Organization. (2018). Health inequities and their causes. https://www.who.int/news-room/facts-in-pictures/detail/health-inequities-and-their-causes.
World Health Organization. (2021). WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury. 2000-2016: global monitoring report. Geneva: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/ 9789240034945.
World Health Organization. (2022). WHO Director-General’s keynote speech at the opening ceremony of the World Health Summit – 16 October 2022, Geneva. https://www.who.int/director-general/ speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-keynote-speech-at-the-opening-ceremony-of-the-world-health-summit---16-october-2022.
