Obezitede Beslenme
Özet
Obezite, dünya çapında sakatlık ve ölümlerin başlıca nedenlerinden biri haline gelmiş ciddi bir metabolik hastalıktır. Dünyada ve Türkiye’de yapılan çalışmalarda da obezite oranlarının ciddi bir artış gösterdiği görülmüştür.
Obezitede beslenme, tedavi ve önlemede önemlidir. Kalori alımının, bireyin enerji ihtiyacına uygun şekilde azaltılması, kilo kaybını destekler. Bunun için şekerli ve işlenmiş gıdaların azaltılması, tam tahıllar, sebze, meyve, sağlıklı yağlar ve protein açısından zengin bir beslenme düzeninin oluşturulması önerilir.
Obesity is a serious metabolic disease that has become one of the leading causes of disability and death worldwide. Studies conducted globally and in Turkey show a significant increase in obesity rates.
Nutrition plays a crucial role in the prevention and treatment of obesity. Reducing calorie intake to align with an individual's energy needs supports weight loss. For this purpose, it is recommended to limit sugary and processed foods while adopting a diet rich in whole grains, vegetables, fruits, healthy fats, and protein.
Referanslar
Türkiye’de obezite sıklığı ve bel çevresi verileri: Kardiyovasküler risk faktörlerine yönelik epidemiyolojik çalışmaların sistematik derleme, meta-analiz ve meta-regresyonu, D. Ural ve ark. Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars 2018;46(7):577-590 doi: 10.5543/tkda.2018.62200
OECD. The Heavy Burden of Obesity2019
Satman I, Omer B, Tutuncu Y, et al. Twelve-year trends in the prevalence and risk factors of diabetes and prediabetes in Turkish adults. Eur J Epidemiol. 2013;28(2):169-80. Epub 20130214. doi: 10.1007/s10654-013-9771-5. PubMed PMID: 23407904; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3604592
Boutari C, Mantzoros CS. A 2022 update on the epidemiology of obesity and a call to action: as its twin COVID-19 pandemic appears to be receding, the obesity and dysmetabolism pandemic continues to rage on. Metabolism. 2022;133:155217. Epub 20220515. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155217. PubMed PMID: 35584732; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC9107388
Younossi ZM, Corey KE, Lim JK. AGA Clinical Practice Update on Lifestyle Modification Using Diet and Exercise to Achieve Weight Loss in the Management of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Expert Review. Gastroenterology. 2021;160(3):912-8. Epub 20201209. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.11.051. PubMed PMID: 33307021
Yumuk V, Tsigos C, Fried M, et al. European Guidelines for Obesity Management in Adults. Obes Facts. 2015;8(6):402-24. Epub 20151205. doi: 10.1159/000442721. PubMed PMID: 26641646; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5644856.
Manson JE, Skerrett PJ, Greenland P, et al. The Escalating Pandemics of Obesity and Sedentary Lifestyle: A Call to Action for Clinicians. Archives of Internal Medicine. 2004;164(3):249-58. doi: 10.1001/archinte.164.3.249
Muscogiuri G, Barrea L, Laudisio D, et al. The management of very low-calorie ketogenic diet in obesity outpatient clinic: a practical guide. J Transl Med. 2019;17(1):356. Epub 20191029. doi: 10.1186/s12967-019-2104-z. PubMed PMID: 31665015; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC6820992.
Morgan-Bathke M, Raynor HA, Baxter SD, et al. Medical Nutrition Therapy Interventions Provided by Dietitians for Adult Overweight and Obesity Management: An Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Evidence-Based Practice Guideline. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2023;123(3):520-45.e10. Epub 20221201. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2022.11.014. PubMed PMID: 36462613.
Brown J, Clarke C, Johnson Stoklossa C, et al. Canadian Adult Obesity Clinical Practice Guidelines: Medical Nutrition Therapy in Obesity Management. Wharton S, Lau DCW, Vallis M, et al. Obesity in adults: a clinical practice guideline. CMAJ. 2020;192(31): E875-E891. doi:10.1503/cmaj.191707