İzokinetik Dinamometre; Teori, Uygulama ve Analiz

Akgün, S. (2023). Core Training for Adolescent Basketball Players; Strength, Functional Performance and Symmetry Index. The Journal of International Anatolia Sport Science, 8(3), 1-9.

Ali, M. F., Fayed, I. H., Elwardany, S. H., & Alenzi, A. S. (2023). Hamstring To Quadriceps Muscle Torque Ratio In Adult Females With Anterior Knee Pain. Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results, 201-208.

Allégue, H., Turki, O., Oranchuk, D. J., Khemiri, A., Schwesig, R., & Chelly, M. S. (2023). The effect of combined isometric and plyometric training versus contrast strength training on physical performance in male junior handball players. Applied Sciences, 13(16), 9069.

Aruna, R. (2015). Assessment of Skeletal Muscle Function LSIng Isokinetic Dynamometry in Healthy Human Indian Subjects (Doctoral dissertation, Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, India).

Australian Sports Comission.(2000). Strength Assesment by Isokinetic Dynamometry. In: Physiological Tests for Elite Athletes. Ed: Wrigley T, Strauss G. Human Kinetics, 155-198.

Baltzopoulos, V. (2007). Isokinetic dynamometry. Biomechanical Evaluation of Movement in Sport and Exercise, 117-142.

Baltzopoulos, V., & Kellis, E. (1998). Isokinetic strength during childhood and adolescence. Pediatric anaerobic performance,225-240.

Bergamin, M., Gobbo, S., Bullo, V., Vendramin, B., Duregon, F., Frizziero, A., ... & Ermolao, A. (2017). Reliability of a device for the knee and ankle isometric and isokinetic strength testing in older adults. Muscles, ligaments and tendons journal, 7(2), 323.

Brown, L. E. (2000). Isokinetics in human performance. Human Kinetics.

Brown, L. E., & Weir, J. P. (2001). ASEP procedures recommendation I: accurate assessment of muscular strength and power. Journal of Exercise Physiology Online, 4(3).

Chan, K. M., Maffulli, N., Korkia, P., & Li, R. C. (1996). Principles and practice of isokinetics in sports medicine and rehabilitation (pp. 107-186). Hong Kong: Williams & Wilkins.

Coudeyre, E., Jegu, A. G., Giustanini, M., Marrel, J. P., Edouard, P., & Pereira, B. (2016). Isokinetic muscle strengthening for knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials with meta-analysis. Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine, 59(3), 207-215.

Davies M. J. , Dalsky G. P. (1997). Normalizing strength for body size differences in older adults. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 29(5), 713-717.

Davies, G. J., Riemann, B., & Ellenbecker, T. (2018). Role of isokinetic testing and training after ACL injury and reconstruction. ACL injuries in the female athlete: Causes, impacts, and conditioning programs, 567-588.

Dvir, Z. (1995). Isokinetics: muscle testing, interpretation and clinical applications. New York: Churchill Livingstone.

Dvir, Z., & Müller, S. (2020). Multiple-joint isokinetic dynamometry: a critical review. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 34(2), 587-601.

Eskandari, A., Zarei, M., Barati, A. H., & Mohammadi, F. (2024). Comparison of the Isokinetic Strength of Knee Muscles Between Normally Sighted and Visually Impaired Girls. Iranian Journal of War and Public Health, 16(2), 111-116.

Feiring, D. C., Ellenbecker, T. S., & Derscheid, G. L. (1990). Test-retest reliability of the biodex isokinetic dynamometer. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 11(7), 298-300.

Habets, B., Staal, J. B., Tijssen, M., & van Cingel, R. (2018). Intrarater reliability of the Humac NORM isokinetic dynamometer for strength measurements of the knee and shoulder muscles. BMC research notes, 11, 1-5.

Hoglund, L. T., Schiffino, M. C., Freels, J. E., & Romano, I. G. (2024). Position-and Sex-Related Differences in Sagittal and Frontal Plane Concentric Isokinetic Hip Muscle Peak Torques and Agonist-Antagonist Ratios. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 19(11), 1407.

Horvat, M., Pitetti, K. H., & Croce, R. (1997). Isokinetic torque, average power, and flexion/extension ratios in nondisabled adults and adults with mental retardation. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 25(6), 395-399.

Houglum, P.A. (2001). Therapeutic exercise for athletic injuries. Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics.

Impellizzeri, F. M., Bizzini, M., Rampinini, E., Cereda, F., & Maffiuletti, N. A. (2008). Reliability of isokinetic strength imbalance ratios measured LSIng the Cybex NORM dynamometer. Clinical physiology and functional imaging, 28(2), 113-119.

Kannus, P & Järvinen, M. (1989). Prediction of torque acceleration energy and power of thigh muscles from peak torque. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 21(3), 304-307.

Kannus, P. (1994). Isokinetic evaluation of muscular performance. International journal of sports medicine, 15(S 1), S11-S18.

Kasmi, S., Sariati, D., Hammami, R., Clark, C. C., Chtara, M., Hammami, A., ... & Zouhal, H. (2023). The effects of different rehabilitation training modalities on isokinetic muscle function and male athletes’ psychological status after anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 15(1), 43.

Kurdak, S. S., Özgünen, K., Adas, Ü., Zeren, C., Aslangiray, B., Yazıcı, Z., & Korkmaz, S. (2005). Analysis of isokinetic knee extension/flexion in male elite adolescent wrestlers. Journal of sports science & medicine, 4(4), 489.

MacDougall, J. D., Elder, G. C. B., Sale, D. G., Moroz, J. R., & Sutton, J. R. (1980). Effects of strength training and immobilization on human muscle fibres. European journal of applied physiology and occupational physiology, 43, 25-34.

Nambi, G., Basuodan, R. M., Alwhaibi, R. M., Ebrahim, E. E., Verma, A., Syed, S., ... & Saleh, A. K. (2023). Clinical and endocrinological responses to different exercise training methods in chronic low back pain: A randomized controlled trial. Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders-Drug Targets 23(6), 801-810.

Ong, M. T. Y., Chan, J. S. Y., Man, G. C. W., Qiu, J., He, X., Wang, Q., & Yung, P. S. H. (2024). Effect of eccentric isokinetic exercise on muscle strength and functional recovery after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Asia-Pacific Journal of Sports Medicine, Arthroscopy, Rehabilitation and Technology, 35, 20-26.

Ölmez, C. (2022). The investigation of isokinetic knee strength and muscle balance of taekwondo and wrestling athletes. Turkish Journal of Kinesiology, 8(4), 107-114.

Papadopoulos, C., Theodosiou, K., Bogdanis, G. C., Gkantiraga, E., Gissis, I., Sambanis, M., ... & Sotiropoulos, A. (2014). Multiarticular isokinetic high-load eccentric training induces large increases in eccentric and concentric strength and jumping performance. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 28(9), 2680-2688.

Perrin, D.H. (1993). Isokinetic exercise and assessment. Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics.

Perrine J. & Edgerton V. (1978). Muscle force-velocity and power-velocity relationships under isokinetic loading. Archives o f Physical Medicine in Sports, 10, 159-166.

Petersen S., Bagnall K., Wenger H., Reid D., Castor W., & Quinney H. (1989). The influence of velocity-specific resistance training on the in vivo torque-velocity relationship and the cross-sectional area of quadriceps femoris. Journal o f Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 10, 456-462.

Petrc, N., Brentin, M., Vučković, M., & Kehler, T. (2024). Comparison of isokinetic exercise and standard exercise protocol in patients with spondyloarthropathies. Journal of Health Sciences, 14(1), 56-62.

Pincivero, D. M., Lephart, S. M., & Karunakara, R. A. (1997). Reliability and precision of isokinetic strength and muscular endurance for the quadriceps and hamstrings. International journal of sports medicine, 18(02), 113-117.

Rouis, M., Coudrat, L., Jaafar, H., Filliard, J., Vandewalle, H., Barthelemy, Y., and Driss, T. (2015). Assessment of isokinetic knee strength in elite young female basketball players: correlation on with vertical jump. Journal Sports Medicine Pyhsiology Fitness, 1(2), 55.

Simpson, D., Ehrensberger, M., Nulty, C., Regan, J., Broderick, P., Blake, C., & Monaghan, K. (2019). Peak torque, rate of torque development and average torque of isometric ankle and elbow contractions show excellent test–retest reliability. Hong Kong physiotherapy journal, 39(01), 67-76.

Suzuki, K., Okada, T., Takayoshi, H., Katz-Leurer, M., & Dvir, Z. (2023). The dynamic control ratio and its equilibrium point: A preliminary study of isokinetic fatiguing internal-external rotational effort of the shoulder joint in healthy subjects. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 70, 102767.

Şahin, Ö. (2010). Rehabilitasyonda izokinetik değerlendirmeler. Cumhuriyet Medical Journal, 32(4), 386-396.

Wang, K., Cheng, L., Wang, B., & He, B. (2023). Effect of isokinetic muscle strength training on knee muscle strength, proprioception, and balance ability in athletes with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a randomised control trial. Frontiers in Physiology, 14, 1237497.

Winter D., Wells R., & Orr G. (1981). Errors in the use of isokinetic dynamometers. European Journal o f Applied Physiology, 46 (1), 397-408.

Yılmaz, A. K. (2020). Elit Futbolcularda Bilateral ve İpsilateral Kuvvet Oranlarının İncelenmesi. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 11(3), 172-181.

Yılmaz, A. K., Kabadayı, M., Bostancı, Ö., Özdal, M., & Mayda, M. H. (2019). Analysis of isokinetic knee strength in soccer players in terms of selected parameters. Physical education of students, 23(4), 209-216.

Yoldaş, B., Yılmaz, A. K., Yılmaz, C., Akdemir, E., Anıl, B., Benli, M. D., ... & Kehribar, L. (2024). Functional outcome and single hop test results of ACL reconstruction in athletes at a follow-up of 6 and 12 months: modified all-inside versus conventional hamstring autograft. Journal of Men's Health, 20(9);118-130.

Zapparoli, F. Y., & Riberto, M. (2017). Isokinetic evaluation of the hip flexor and extensor muscles: A systematic review. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 26(6), 556-566.

Akgün, S. (2023). Core Training for Adolescent Basketball Players; Strength, Functional Performance and Symmetry Index. The Journal of International Anatolia Sport Science, 8(3), 1-9.

Ali, M. F., Fayed, I. H., Elwardany, S. H., & Alenzi, A. S. (2023). Hamstring To Quadriceps Muscle Torque Ratio In Adult Females With Anterior Knee Pain. Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results, 201-208.

Allégue, H., Turki, O., Oranchuk, D. J., Khemiri, A., Schwesig, R., & Chelly, M. S. (2023). The effect of combined isometric and plyometric training versus contrast strength training on physical performance in male junior handball players. Applied Sciences, 13(16), 9069.

Aruna, R. (2015). Assessment of Skeletal Muscle Function LSIng Isokinetic Dynamometry in Healthy Human Indian Subjects (Doctoral dissertation, Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, India).

Australian Sports Comission.(2000). Strength Assesment by Isokinetic Dynamometry. In: Physiological Tests for Elite Athletes. Ed: Wrigley T, Strauss G. Human Kinetics, 155-198.

Baltzopoulos, V. (2007). Isokinetic dynamometry. Biomechanical Evaluation of Movement in Sport and Exercise, 117-142.

Baltzopoulos, V., & Kellis, E. (1998). Isokinetic strength during childhood and adolescence. Pediatric anaerobic performance,225-240.

Bergamin, M., Gobbo, S., Bullo, V., Vendramin, B., Duregon, F., Frizziero, A., ... & Ermolao, A. (2017). Reliability of a device for the knee and ankle isometric and isokinetic strength testing in older adults. Muscles, ligaments and tendons journal, 7(2), 323.

Brown, L. E. (2000). Isokinetics in human performance. Human Kinetics.

Brown, L. E., & Weir, J. P. (2001). ASEP procedures recommendation I: accurate assessment of muscular strength and power. Journal of Exercise Physiology Online, 4(3).

Chan, K. M., Maffulli, N., Korkia, P., & Li, R. C. (1996). Principles and practice of isokinetics in sports medicine and rehabilitation (pp. 107-186). Hong Kong: Williams & Wilkins.

Coudeyre, E., Jegu, A. G., Giustanini, M., Marrel, J. P., Edouard, P., & Pereira, B. (2016). Isokinetic muscle strengthening for knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials with meta-analysis. Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine, 59(3), 207-215.

Davies M. J. , Dalsky G. P. (1997). Normalizing strength for body size differences in older adults. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 29(5), 713-717.

Davies, G. J., Riemann, B., & Ellenbecker, T. (2018). Role of isokinetic testing and training after ACL injury and reconstruction. ACL injuries in the female athlete: Causes, impacts, and conditioning programs, 567-588.

Dvir, Z. (1995). Isokinetics: muscle testing, interpretation and clinical applications. New York: Churchill Livingstone.

Dvir, Z., & Müller, S. (2020). Multiple-joint isokinetic dynamometry: a critical review. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 34(2), 587-601.

Eskandari, A., Zarei, M., Barati, A. H., & Mohammadi, F. (2024). Comparison of the Isokinetic Strength of Knee Muscles Between Normally Sighted and Visually Impaired Girls. Iranian Journal of War and Public Health, 16(2), 111-116.

Feiring, D. C., Ellenbecker, T. S., & Derscheid, G. L. (1990). Test-retest reliability of the biodex isokinetic dynamometer. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 11(7), 298-300.

Habets, B., Staal, J. B., Tijssen, M., & van Cingel, R. (2018). Intrarater reliability of the Humac NORM isokinetic dynamometer for strength measurements of the knee and shoulder muscles. BMC research notes, 11, 1-5.

Hoglund, L. T., Schiffino, M. C., Freels, J. E., & Romano, I. G. (2024). Position-and Sex-Related Differences in Sagittal and Frontal Plane Concentric Isokinetic Hip Muscle Peak Torques and Agonist-Antagonist Ratios. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 19(11), 1407.

Horvat, M., Pitetti, K. H., & Croce, R. (1997). Isokinetic torque, average power, and flexion/extension ratios in nondisabled adults and adults with mental retardation. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 25(6), 395-399.

Houglum, P.A. (2001). Therapeutic exercise for athletic injuries. Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics.

Impellizzeri, F. M., Bizzini, M., Rampinini, E., Cereda, F., & Maffiuletti, N. A. (2008). Reliability of isokinetic strength imbalance ratios measured LSIng the Cybex NORM dynamometer. Clinical physiology and functional imaging, 28(2), 113-119.

Kannus, P & Järvinen, M. (1989). Prediction of torque acceleration energy and power of thigh muscles from peak torque. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 21(3), 304-307.

Kannus, P. (1994). Isokinetic evaluation of muscular performance. International journal of sports medicine, 15(S 1), S11-S18.

Kasmi, S., Sariati, D., Hammami, R., Clark, C. C., Chtara, M., Hammami, A., ... & Zouhal, H. (2023). The effects of different rehabilitation training modalities on isokinetic muscle function and male athletes’ psychological status after anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 15(1), 43.

Kurdak, S. S., Özgünen, K., Adas, Ü., Zeren, C., Aslangiray, B., Yazıcı, Z., & Korkmaz, S. (2005). Analysis of isokinetic knee extension/flexion in male elite adolescent wrestlers. Journal of sports science & medicine, 4(4), 489.

MacDougall, J. D., Elder, G. C. B., Sale, D. G., Moroz, J. R., & Sutton, J. R. (1980). Effects of strength training and immobilization on human muscle fibres. European journal of applied physiology and occupational physiology, 43, 25-34.

Nambi, G., Basuodan, R. M., Alwhaibi, R. M., Ebrahim, E. E., Verma, A., Syed, S., ... & Saleh, A. K. (2023). Clinical and endocrinological responses to different exercise training methods in chronic low back pain: A randomized controlled trial. Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders-Drug Targets 23(6), 801-810.

Ong, M. T. Y., Chan, J. S. Y., Man, G. C. W., Qiu, J., He, X., Wang, Q., & Yung, P. S. H. (2024). Effect of eccentric isokinetic exercise on muscle strength and functional recovery after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Asia-Pacific Journal of Sports Medicine, Arthroscopy, Rehabilitation and Technology, 35, 20-26.

Ölmez, C. (2022). The investigation of isokinetic knee strength and muscle balance of taekwondo and wrestling athletes. Turkish Journal of Kinesiology, 8(4), 107-114.

Papadopoulos, C., Theodosiou, K., Bogdanis, G. C., Gkantiraga, E., Gissis, I., Sambanis, M., ... & Sotiropoulos, A. (2014). Multiarticular isokinetic high-load eccentric training induces large increases in eccentric and concentric strength and jumping performance. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 28(9), 2680-2688.

Perrin, D.H. (1993). Isokinetic exercise and assessment. Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics.

Perrine J. & Edgerton V. (1978). Muscle force-velocity and power-velocity relationships under isokinetic loading. Archives o f Physical Medicine in Sports, 10, 159-166.

Petersen S., Bagnall K., Wenger H., Reid D., Castor W., & Quinney H. (1989). The influence of velocity-specific resistance training on the in vivo torque-velocity relationship and the cross-sectional area of quadriceps femoris. Journal o f Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 10, 456-462.

Petrc, N., Brentin, M., Vučković, M., & Kehler, T. (2024). Comparison of isokinetic exercise and standard exercise protocol in patients with spondyloarthropathies. Journal of Health Sciences, 14(1), 56-62.

Pincivero, D. M., Lephart, S. M., & Karunakara, R. A. (1997). Reliability and precision of isokinetic strength and muscular endurance for the quadriceps and hamstrings. International journal of sports medicine, 18(02), 113-117.

Rouis, M., Coudrat, L., Jaafar, H., Filliard, J., Vandewalle, H., Barthelemy, Y., and Driss, T. (2015). Assessment of isokinetic knee strength in elite young female basketball players: correlation on with vertical jump. Journal Sports Medicine Pyhsiology Fitness, 1(2), 55.

Simpson, D., Ehrensberger, M., Nulty, C., Regan, J., Broderick, P., Blake, C., & Monaghan, K. (2019). Peak torque, rate of torque development and average torque of isometric ankle and elbow contractions show excellent test–retest reliability. Hong Kong physiotherapy journal, 39(01), 67-76.

Suzuki, K., Okada, T., Takayoshi, H., Katz-Leurer, M., & Dvir, Z. (2023). The dynamic control ratio and its equilibrium point: A preliminary study of isokinetic fatiguing internal-external rotational effort of the shoulder joint in healthy subjects. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 70, 102767.

Şahin, Ö. (2010). Rehabilitasyonda izokinetik değerlendirmeler. Cumhuriyet Medical Journal, 32(4), 386-396.

Wang, K., Cheng, L., Wang, B., & He, B. (2023). Effect of isokinetic muscle strength training on knee muscle strength, proprioception, and balance ability in athletes with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a randomised control trial. Frontiers in Physiology, 14, 1237497.

Winter D., Wells R., & Orr G. (1981). Errors in the use of isokinetic dynamometers. European Journal o f Applied Physiology, 46 (1), 397-408.

Yılmaz, A. K. (2020). Elit Futbolcularda Bilateral ve İpsilateral Kuvvet Oranlarının İncelenmesi. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 11(3), 172-181.

Yılmaz, A. K., Kabadayı, M., Bostancı, Ö., Özdal, M., & Mayda, M. H. (2019). Analysis of isokinetic knee strength in soccer players in terms of selected parameters. Physical education of students, 23(4), 209-216.

Yoldaş, B., Yılmaz, A. K., Yılmaz, C., Akdemir, E., Anıl, B., Benli, M. D., ... & Kehribar, L. (2024). Functional outcome and single hop test results of ACL reconstruction in athletes at a follow-up of 6 and 12 months: modified all-inside versus conventional hamstring autograft. Journal of Men's Health, 20(9);118-130.

Zapparoli, F. Y., & Riberto, M. (2017). Isokinetic evaluation of the hip flexor and extensor muscles: A systematic review. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 26(6), 556-566.