Ulaşım Faaliyetlerinin Tarihsel Gelişimi
Özet
"Ulaşım Faaliyetlerinin Tarihsel Gelişimi" başlıklı bölümde, ulaşımın tarihsel gelişimi toplumsal, ekonomik ve teknolojik etkileri bağlamında ele alınmıştır. Ulaşım sistemlerinin temel işlevleri ve coğrafi boyutlarıyla başlayan bölümde erken toplumlarda taşımacılığın doğal çevreyle ilişkisi, kullanılan ilk araçlar ve teknikler konu edilmiştir. Ayrıca Antik dönemdeki ticaret yolları, Roma yolları ve denizcilik faaliyetleri gibi önemli altyapı ve ağlar değerlendirilmiştir. Sanayi Devrimi ile buhar gücüyle çalışan araçlar, demiryolları ve modern deniz taşımacılığı gibi teknolojik yenilikler, ulaşımı küresel ölçekte dönüştürmüş ve ekonomik büyümeyi hızlandırmıştır. Bölüm ayrıca otomobilin yaygınlaşması, şehir içi ulaşımda tramvay ve otobüslerin rolü ile şehirlerin mekânsal yapısına etkileri konu edilmiştir. Son bölümde, dijitalleşmenin ve akıllı ulaşım sistemlerinin etkileri, elektrikli ve otonom araçlar, sürdürülebilir ulaşım çözümleri ve karbon nötr teknolojiler gibi güncel yenilikçi yaklaşımlar incelenmiştir. Kitap bölümü, tarih boyunca ulaşımın toplumsal kalkınma ve teknolojik ilerlemeler üzerindeki etkisini vurgulayarak, geçmişten günümüze ulaşım sistemlerinin gelişimini kapsamlı bir şekilde sunmaktadır.
Referanslar
Abulafia, D. (2011). The Great Sea: A Human History of the Mediterranean. Oxford University Press.
Akgiş İlhan, Ö. (2020). Türkiye’de Sağlık Hizmetleri ve Hastanelere Erişebilirliğin Mekansal Profili: Sosyal Refah Açısından Bir Analiz. Ege Coğrafya Dergisi, 29(2), 259-271.
Anderson, J. M., Kalra, N., Stanely, K. D., Sorensen, P., Samaras, C., & Oluwatola, O. A. (2016). Autonomus Vehicle Technology: A Guide for Policymakers. RAND Corporation.
Barke, D. W., & Chiu, W. K. (2005). A review of the effects of out-of-Round wheels on track and vehicle components. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit, 219(3), 151-175.
Beckwith, C. I. (2009). Empires of the Silk Road: A History of Central Eurasia from the Bronze Age to the Present. Princeton University Press.
Ceder, A. (2007). Urban mobility and public transport: future perspectives and review. International Journal of Urban Sciences, 25(4), 455-479.
Chandler, A. D. (1990). Scale and Scope: The Dynamics of Industrial Capitalism. Harvard University Press.
Chaudhuri, K. N. (1985). Trade and Civilisation in the Indian Ocean: An Economic History from the Rise of Islam to 1750. Cambridge University Press.
Chevallier, R. (1976). Roman Roads. University of California Press.
Chien, S., Ding, Y., Wei, C., & Wei, C. (2015). An integrated public transportation system using mobile applications: A case study of Taipei City. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 58, 174-188.
Childe, V. G., Wolf, A., Pledge, H. T., Perazich, G., Field, P. M., & Bernal, J. D. (1940). Man makes himself. Science and Society, 4(4).
Clark, G. (2007). A Farewell to Alms: A Brief Economic History of the World. Princeton University Press.
Clark, J. G. D. (1952). Prehistoric Europe: The Economic Basis. Stanford University Press.
Cook, M. (2024). A History of the Muslim World: From Its Origins to the Dawn of Modernity. Princeton University Press.
Çetin, G., & Yılmaz, O. (2021). Integration of IoT in smart transportation systems for sustainable urban mobility in Istanbul. Sustainable Cities and Society, 56, 101137.
DeVore, I., Lee, R. B., & De Vore, I. (Eds.). (1968). Man the hunter. Chicago, IL: Aldine Publishing Company.
De Almeida, S. C., & Kruczan, R. (2021). Effects of drivetrain hybridization on fuel economy, performance and costs of a fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 46(79), 39404-39414.
Diamond, J. (2022). Tüfek, Mikrop ve Çelik. Pegasus Yayınları.
Ellingsen, L. A., Bettez, G., Singh, B., Srivastava, A. K., Valøen, L. O. & Strømman, A. H. (2014). Life Cycle Assessment of a Lithium-Ion Battery Vehicle Pack. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 18 (1), 113-124.
Fagnant, D. J., & Kockelman, K. M. (2014). The travel and environmental implications of shared autonomous vehicles, using agent-based model scenarios. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 40, 1-13.
Fagnant, D. J., & Kockelman, K. M. (2015). The transportation impacts of autonomous vehicles. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 77, 167-181.
Fukuda, S. (2019). Engineering Yesterday and Today. In: Self Engineering. SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26725-4_2
Garrison, W. L., & Levinson, D. M. (2006). The geography of transport systems (2nd ed.). Routledge.
Gartman, D. (2004). Autoism: Automobile culture and the American dream. The Journal of American History, 91(3), 789-808.
Gordon, D. (2007). The impact of automobiles on society: A historical perspective. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 41(5), 461-473
Gunston, B. (1984). Modern fighting aircraft. Crescent.
Hansen, V. (2014). The Silk Road. A New History. Linguistica, 62(1), 139-146.
Hawkins, T. R., Singh, B., Majeau-Bettez, G., & Strømman, A. H. (2013). Comparative environmental life cycle assessment of conventional and electric vehicles. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 17(1), 53-64.
Headrick, D. R. (1988). The Tentacles of Progress: Technology Transfer in the Age of Imperialism, 1850-1940. Oxford University Press.
Holleran, C. (2012). Shopping in Ancient Rome: The Retail Trade in the Late Republic and the Principate. Oxford University Press.
Hourani, G. F. (1951). Arab Seafaring in the Indian Ocean in Ancient and Early Medieval Times. Princeton University Press.
Hubbard, N., Freeman, M. J., & Aldcroft, D. H. (1992). Transport in Victorian Britain. The Geographical Journal, 158(1), 105.
IATA. (2024). The value of air cargo: Global economic impact. International Air Transport Association (IATA). https://www.iata.org Erişim Tarihi: 06.12.2024
Jain, S., & Chien, S. (2017). Impact of smartphone applications on urban mobility: A case study of Uber, Citymapper, and Google Maps. Journal of Urban Technology, 24(3), 57-74.
Johnson, H. A. (2004). The Wright patent wars and early American aviation. J. Air L. & Com., 69, 21.
Kherbash, O., & Mocan, M. L. (2015). A review of logistics and transport sector as a factor of globalization. Procedia Economics and Finance, 27, 42-47.
Li, J., Zhou, X., & Wang, X. (2021). Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles: Status and future perspectives. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 135, 110171.
Lind, G. (2004). Air mail: The foundation of commercial aviation. Journal of Transportation History, 29(1), 115-130.
Lopez, R. S. (1971). The Commercial Revolution of the Middle Ages, 950–1350. Cambridge University Press.
McNeill, W. H. (1991). The Rise of the West: A History of the Human Community. University of Chicago Press.
Nielsen, J., & Johansson, A. (2000). Out-of-round railway wheels-a literature survey. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit, 214, 79 - 91.
Pascali, L. (2017). The Wind of Change: Maritime Technology, Trade, and Economic Development. American Economic Review, 107 (9): 2821–54.
Quaranta, E., & Revelli, R. (2018). Gravity water wheels as a micro hydropower energy source: A review based on historic data, design methods, efficiencies and modern optimizations. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 97, 414-427.
Russo, F., & Comi, A. (2023). Overview of urban freight transport planning and European suggestions. Handbook on City Logistics and Urban Freight, 225-245.
Sierzchula, W., Bakker, S., Maat, K., & van Wee, B. (2014). The influence of financial incentives and other socio-economic factors on electric vehicle adoption. Energy Policy, 68, 183-194.
Shladover, S. E. (2018). Connected and automated vehicle systems: Introduction and overview. Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems, 22(3), 190-200.
Smith, J. (1999). The Impact of World War I on Aviation. Airpower Journal, 14(4), 15-27.
Taaffe, E. J. (1996). Geography of transportation. Prentice Hall.
Van-Wee, B., & Geurs, K. (2011). Discussing equity and social exclusion in accessibility evaluations. European journal of transport and infrastructure research, 11(4).
Vuchic, V. R. (2017). Urban Transit: Operations, Planning, and Economics. Wiley-Interscience.
Whitfield, S. (1999). Life Along the Silk Road. University of California Press.
Referanslar
Abulafia, D. (2011). The Great Sea: A Human History of the Mediterranean. Oxford University Press.
Akgiş İlhan, Ö. (2020). Türkiye’de Sağlık Hizmetleri ve Hastanelere Erişebilirliğin Mekansal Profili: Sosyal Refah Açısından Bir Analiz. Ege Coğrafya Dergisi, 29(2), 259-271.
Anderson, J. M., Kalra, N., Stanely, K. D., Sorensen, P., Samaras, C., & Oluwatola, O. A. (2016). Autonomus Vehicle Technology: A Guide for Policymakers. RAND Corporation.
Barke, D. W., & Chiu, W. K. (2005). A review of the effects of out-of-Round wheels on track and vehicle components. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit, 219(3), 151-175.
Beckwith, C. I. (2009). Empires of the Silk Road: A History of Central Eurasia from the Bronze Age to the Present. Princeton University Press.
Ceder, A. (2007). Urban mobility and public transport: future perspectives and review. International Journal of Urban Sciences, 25(4), 455-479.
Chandler, A. D. (1990). Scale and Scope: The Dynamics of Industrial Capitalism. Harvard University Press.
Chaudhuri, K. N. (1985). Trade and Civilisation in the Indian Ocean: An Economic History from the Rise of Islam to 1750. Cambridge University Press.
Chevallier, R. (1976). Roman Roads. University of California Press.
Chien, S., Ding, Y., Wei, C., & Wei, C. (2015). An integrated public transportation system using mobile applications: A case study of Taipei City. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 58, 174-188.
Childe, V. G., Wolf, A., Pledge, H. T., Perazich, G., Field, P. M., & Bernal, J. D. (1940). Man makes himself. Science and Society, 4(4).
Clark, G. (2007). A Farewell to Alms: A Brief Economic History of the World. Princeton University Press.
Clark, J. G. D. (1952). Prehistoric Europe: The Economic Basis. Stanford University Press.
Cook, M. (2024). A History of the Muslim World: From Its Origins to the Dawn of Modernity. Princeton University Press.
Çetin, G., & Yılmaz, O. (2021). Integration of IoT in smart transportation systems for sustainable urban mobility in Istanbul. Sustainable Cities and Society, 56, 101137.
DeVore, I., Lee, R. B., & De Vore, I. (Eds.). (1968). Man the hunter. Chicago, IL: Aldine Publishing Company.
De Almeida, S. C., & Kruczan, R. (2021). Effects of drivetrain hybridization on fuel economy, performance and costs of a fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 46(79), 39404-39414.
Diamond, J. (2022). Tüfek, Mikrop ve Çelik. Pegasus Yayınları.
Ellingsen, L. A., Bettez, G., Singh, B., Srivastava, A. K., Valøen, L. O. & Strømman, A. H. (2014). Life Cycle Assessment of a Lithium-Ion Battery Vehicle Pack. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 18 (1), 113-124.
Fagnant, D. J., & Kockelman, K. M. (2014). The travel and environmental implications of shared autonomous vehicles, using agent-based model scenarios. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 40, 1-13.
Fagnant, D. J., & Kockelman, K. M. (2015). The transportation impacts of autonomous vehicles. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 77, 167-181.
Fukuda, S. (2019). Engineering Yesterday and Today. In: Self Engineering. SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26725-4_2
Garrison, W. L., & Levinson, D. M. (2006). The geography of transport systems (2nd ed.). Routledge.
Gartman, D. (2004). Autoism: Automobile culture and the American dream. The Journal of American History, 91(3), 789-808.
Gordon, D. (2007). The impact of automobiles on society: A historical perspective. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 41(5), 461-473
Gunston, B. (1984). Modern fighting aircraft. Crescent.
Hansen, V. (2014). The Silk Road. A New History. Linguistica, 62(1), 139-146.
Hawkins, T. R., Singh, B., Majeau-Bettez, G., & Strømman, A. H. (2013). Comparative environmental life cycle assessment of conventional and electric vehicles. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 17(1), 53-64.
Headrick, D. R. (1988). The Tentacles of Progress: Technology Transfer in the Age of Imperialism, 1850-1940. Oxford University Press.
Holleran, C. (2012). Shopping in Ancient Rome: The Retail Trade in the Late Republic and the Principate. Oxford University Press.
Hourani, G. F. (1951). Arab Seafaring in the Indian Ocean in Ancient and Early Medieval Times. Princeton University Press.
Hubbard, N., Freeman, M. J., & Aldcroft, D. H. (1992). Transport in Victorian Britain. The Geographical Journal, 158(1), 105.
IATA. (2024). The value of air cargo: Global economic impact. International Air Transport Association (IATA). https://www.iata.org Erişim Tarihi: 06.12.2024
Jain, S., & Chien, S. (2017). Impact of smartphone applications on urban mobility: A case study of Uber, Citymapper, and Google Maps. Journal of Urban Technology, 24(3), 57-74.
Johnson, H. A. (2004). The Wright patent wars and early American aviation. J. Air L. & Com., 69, 21.
Kherbash, O., & Mocan, M. L. (2015). A review of logistics and transport sector as a factor of globalization. Procedia Economics and Finance, 27, 42-47.
Li, J., Zhou, X., & Wang, X. (2021). Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles: Status and future perspectives. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 135, 110171.
Lind, G. (2004). Air mail: The foundation of commercial aviation. Journal of Transportation History, 29(1), 115-130.
Lopez, R. S. (1971). The Commercial Revolution of the Middle Ages, 950–1350. Cambridge University Press.
McNeill, W. H. (1991). The Rise of the West: A History of the Human Community. University of Chicago Press.
Nielsen, J., & Johansson, A. (2000). Out-of-round railway wheels-a literature survey. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit, 214, 79 - 91.
Pascali, L. (2017). The Wind of Change: Maritime Technology, Trade, and Economic Development. American Economic Review, 107 (9): 2821–54.
Quaranta, E., & Revelli, R. (2018). Gravity water wheels as a micro hydropower energy source: A review based on historic data, design methods, efficiencies and modern optimizations. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 97, 414-427.
Russo, F., & Comi, A. (2023). Overview of urban freight transport planning and European suggestions. Handbook on City Logistics and Urban Freight, 225-245.
Sierzchula, W., Bakker, S., Maat, K., & van Wee, B. (2014). The influence of financial incentives and other socio-economic factors on electric vehicle adoption. Energy Policy, 68, 183-194.
Shladover, S. E. (2018). Connected and automated vehicle systems: Introduction and overview. Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems, 22(3), 190-200.
Smith, J. (1999). The Impact of World War I on Aviation. Airpower Journal, 14(4), 15-27.
Taaffe, E. J. (1996). Geography of transportation. Prentice Hall.
Van-Wee, B., & Geurs, K. (2011). Discussing equity and social exclusion in accessibility evaluations. European journal of transport and infrastructure research, 11(4).
Vuchic, V. R. (2017). Urban Transit: Operations, Planning, and Economics. Wiley-Interscience.
Whitfield, S. (1999). Life Along the Silk Road. University of California Press.
