Kalp Nakli Öncesi Hemşirelik Yaklaşımları
Özet
Kalp yetersizliği, dünya genelinde artan bir sağlık sorunudur. Kalp nakli, ileri evre kalp yetersizliği tedavisinde önemli bir seçenektir ancak donör bulma zorlukları vardır. Kalp nakli adaylarının seçimi, çeşitli kriterlere dayalı olarak yapılmakta olup, semptomatik kardiyomiyopati, pulmoner hipertansiyon, ve ciddi ventriküler aritmiler gibi durumlar nakil endikasyonları arasında yer almaktadır. Adaylar, beta-bloker tedavisine yanıt, yaş, obezite, diyabet, böbrek fonksiyonları, ve kanser durumları gibi faktörler açısından kapsamlı bir değerlendirmeye tabi tutulmaktadır. Kalp nakli öncesi hazırlık sürecinde, uygun adaylar hızla çağrılır ve kapsamlı testler yapılır. Ameliyat öncesi tedavi planı yapılırken enfeksiyon riski azaltıcı önlemler alınır ve hastaların duygusal desteği sağlanır.
Heart failure is a growing health problem worldwide. Heart transplantation is an important option for the treatment of advanced heart failure, but it is difficult to find a donor. The selection of heart transplant candidates is based on various criteria, and indications for transplantation include symptomatic cardiomyopathy, pulmonary hypertension, and severe ventricular arrhythmias. Candidates are evaluated comprehensively for factors such as response to beta-blocker therapy, age, obesity, diabetes, kidney function, and cancer. In the preparation process before heart transplantation, suitable candidates are quickly called and comprehensive tests are performed. These tests evaluate blood, kidney, and liver functions, and determine immunological compatibility. Preoperative treatment planning is carried out to reduce the risk of infection, and emotional support is provided to the patients.
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