Sığır Ayak Hastalıklarında Profilaksi
Özet
Hayvansal ürünlere artan taleple birlikte hayvansal üretim sistemleri de yoğun ticari yapı veya işletmelere dönüştükçe zaman içerisinde hayvan refahı sorunları gelişir. Mastitis ve infertilite sorunlarından sonra, topallık küresel olarak süt sığırlarını etkileyen üç büyük sorundan biridir ve üretkenliğin azalmasına, ekonomik kayıplara ve hayvan refahı sorunlarına yol açtığı bilinmektedir. Topallık süt veriminin azalması, kilo alımının azalması, düşük doğurganlık ve en sonunda hayvanın sürüden çıkarılması veya kasaplık edilmesine kadar gidebilen sorunlara neden olabilir. Çevresel (sıcaklık, nem) ve hayvana ait olan risk faktörleri hastalığın şiddetini etkiler ve bu durum hastalığın ortadan kaldırılmasını ve kontrol edilmesini zorlaştırır. Topallık süt ineklerinde tek bir hastalık değildir, ancak bir dizi sorundan oluşan bir enfeksiyondur ve bu topallık kontrolünü süt çiftçiliğindeki en büyük sorunlardan biri haline getirir. İşte bu nedenle, topallığın önlenmesi çiftlik yönetiminin ve sürdürülebilir gıda üretiminin temel odak noktası olmalıdır. Çiftlik düzeyinde hastalık etiyolojisinin belirlemesi, topallığın tanınması ve sürülerde hastalığın görülme sıklığını ve bulaşmasını azaltmak için etkili kontrol önlemlerinin alınması gerekmektedir.
With the increasing demand for animal products, animal welfare problems develop over time as animal production systems transform into intensive commercial structures or enterprises. After mastitis and infertility, lameness is one of the three major problems affecting dairy cattle globally and is known to lead to reduced productivity, economic losses and animal welfare problems. Lameness can lead to reduced milk yield, reduced weight gain, low fertility and ultimately to the removal or slaughter of the animal from the herd. Environmental (temperature, humidity) and animal risk factors affect the severity of the disease, making it difficult to eliminate and control the disease. Lameness is not a single disease in dairy cows, but an infection consisting of a series of problems, making lameness control one of the biggest problems in dairy farming. Therefore, lameness prevention should be the main focus of farm management and sustainable food production. Determining the disease etiology at the farm level, recognizing lameness and taking effective control measures to reduce the incidence and transmission of the disease in the herd are necessary.
Referanslar
Garvey M. Lameness in dairy cow herds: Disease aetiology, prevention and management. Dairy, 2022;3: 199–210. doi: 10.3390/dairy3010016
Archer S, Bell N, Huxley J. Lameness in UK dairy cows: A review of the current status. Practice, 2010; 32: 492–504. doi.org/10.1136/inp.c6672
Van Nuffel A, Zwertvaegher I, Pluym L, et al. Lameness detection in dairy cows: Part 1. How to distinguish between non-lame and lame cows based on differences in locomotion or behavior. Animals, 2015, 5: 838–860. doi.org/10.3390/ani5030387
Langova L, Novotna I, Nemcova P, et al. Impact of nutrients on the hoof health in cattle. Animals, 2020;10: 1824. doi.org/10.3390/ani10101824
Ramanoon SZ, Sadiq MB, Mansor R, et al. The impact of lameness on dairy cattle welfare: Growing need for objective methods of detecting lame cows and assessment of associated pain. Animal Welfare, 2018. doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.75917
Blackie N, Maclaurin L. Influence of lameness on the lying behaviour of zero-grazed lactating jersey dairy cattle housed in straw yards. Animals, 2019; 9: 829. doi.org/10.3390/ani9100829
Palmer M, O’Connell N. Digital dermatitis in dairy cows: a review of risk factors and potential sources of between-animal variation in susceptibility. Animals, 2015; 5: 512–535. doi.org/10.3390/ani5030369
Edwards A, Dymock D, Jenkinson H: From tooth to hoof: Treponemes in tissue-destructive diseases. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2003; 94: 767–780. doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2672.2003.01901.x
Zinicola M, Lima F, Lima S, et al. Altered microbiomes in bovine digital dermatitis lesions, and the gut as a pathogen reservoir. PLoS One, 2015; 10: e0120504. doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0120504
Hayırlı A, Serbester U, Kaynar Ö. Sığır İşletmelerinde Topallık ve Laminitis Yönetimi. Turkiye Klinikleri Veterinary Sciences-Surgery-Special Topics, 2015;1(1):13-31.
Sukoco H, Wahyuni S, Utami S, et al. Foot and mouth disease (FMD): Etiology, pathogenesis, prevention and control in even or split hoofed livestock. Jurnal Sain Peternakan Indonesia, 2023; 18 (4): 268-273. doi: 10.31186/jspi.id.18.4.268-273. doi.org/10.31186/jspi.id.18.4.268-273
Amstutz HE. Prevention and control of lameness in dairy cattle. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, 1985; 1(1): 25-37. doi.org/10.1016/S0749-0720(15)31348-7
Kamiloğlu A. Çiftlik hayvanlarında ayak hastalıkları. 1. Baskı, Ankara: Medipres Yayınevi; 2014.
İzci C. Sığır ayak hastalıkları. Konya: SÜ Vet Fak, Sarışen, Offset; 1998.
Yavru N, Özkan K, Elma E. Ayak hastalıkları ve ortopedi. Ankara: SÜ Vet Fak Konya. Ofset Matbaası; 1989.
Allen MS. Relationship between fermentation acid production in the rumen and the requirement for physically effective fiber. Journal of Dairy Science, 1997; 80 (7):1447-1462. doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(97)76074-0
Stone WC. Nutritional approaches to minimize subacute ruminal acidosis and laminitis in dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science, 2004; 87. Suppl: E13-E26. doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)70057-0
Kleen JL, Hooijer GA, Rehage J, Noordhuizen JPTM. Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA): a review. Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A, 2003; 50(8): 406-414. doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0442.2003.00569.x
Krause KM, Oetzel GR. Understanding and preventing subacute ruminal acidosis in dairy herds: A review. Animal Feed Science and Technology,2006;126(3-4):215-236. doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2005.08.004
Plaizier JC, Krause DO, Gozho GN, McBride BW. Subacute ruminal acidosis in dairy cows: The physiological causes, incidence and consequences. The Veterinary Journal, 2008; 176(1): 21-31. doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2007.12.016
Rodrigues I. A Review on the effects of mycotoxins in dairy ruminants. Animal Product Science, 2014; 54(9): 1155-1165. doi.org/10.1071/AN13492
Ozsoy S, Altunatmaz K, Horoz H, et al. The relationship between lameness, fertility and aflatoxin in a dairy cattle herd. Turkish Journal of Veterinary Animal Sciences, 2005; 29(4): 981-986.
Han MC, Sağlıyan A, Polat E. Sığırlarda ahır zemin tiplerinin ayak hastalıkları ve tırnak deformasyonları üzerine etkilerinin araştırılması. Harran Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi; 2017; 6 (1): 19-24. doi.org/10.31196/huvfd.325680
Yayla S, Aksoy Ö, Kılıç E, et al. Kars ve yöresinde sığırların bakım ve barındırma koşulları ile ayak hastalıkları arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi. Harran Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi; 2012; 1 (1): 22-27.
Sadiq MB, Ramanoon SZ, Mansor R, et al. Claw trimming as a lameness management practice and the association with welfare and production in dairy cows. Animals, 2020; 10: 1515. doi.org/10.3390/ani10091515
Thomsen PT, Sorensen JT, Ersboll AK. Evaluation of three commercial hoof-care products used in footbaths in Danish dairy herds. Journal Dairy Science, 2008; 91:1361–1365. doi.org/10.3168/jds.2007-0820
Meade E, Slattery MA, Garvey M. Biocidal resistance in clinically relevant microbial species: A major public health risk. Pathogens, 2021; 10: 598. doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10050598
Antanaitis R, Juozaitiene V, Urbonavicius G, et al. Impact of lameness on attributes of feeding registered with noseband sensor in fresh dairy cows. Agriculture, 2021;11:851. doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11090851.
Referanslar
Garvey M. Lameness in dairy cow herds: Disease aetiology, prevention and management. Dairy, 2022;3: 199–210. doi: 10.3390/dairy3010016
Archer S, Bell N, Huxley J. Lameness in UK dairy cows: A review of the current status. Practice, 2010; 32: 492–504. doi.org/10.1136/inp.c6672
Van Nuffel A, Zwertvaegher I, Pluym L, et al. Lameness detection in dairy cows: Part 1. How to distinguish between non-lame and lame cows based on differences in locomotion or behavior. Animals, 2015, 5: 838–860. doi.org/10.3390/ani5030387
Langova L, Novotna I, Nemcova P, et al. Impact of nutrients on the hoof health in cattle. Animals, 2020;10: 1824. doi.org/10.3390/ani10101824
Ramanoon SZ, Sadiq MB, Mansor R, et al. The impact of lameness on dairy cattle welfare: Growing need for objective methods of detecting lame cows and assessment of associated pain. Animal Welfare, 2018. doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.75917
Blackie N, Maclaurin L. Influence of lameness on the lying behaviour of zero-grazed lactating jersey dairy cattle housed in straw yards. Animals, 2019; 9: 829. doi.org/10.3390/ani9100829
Palmer M, O’Connell N. Digital dermatitis in dairy cows: a review of risk factors and potential sources of between-animal variation in susceptibility. Animals, 2015; 5: 512–535. doi.org/10.3390/ani5030369
Edwards A, Dymock D, Jenkinson H: From tooth to hoof: Treponemes in tissue-destructive diseases. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2003; 94: 767–780. doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2672.2003.01901.x
Zinicola M, Lima F, Lima S, et al. Altered microbiomes in bovine digital dermatitis lesions, and the gut as a pathogen reservoir. PLoS One, 2015; 10: e0120504. doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0120504
Hayırlı A, Serbester U, Kaynar Ö. Sığır İşletmelerinde Topallık ve Laminitis Yönetimi. Turkiye Klinikleri Veterinary Sciences-Surgery-Special Topics, 2015;1(1):13-31.
Sukoco H, Wahyuni S, Utami S, et al. Foot and mouth disease (FMD): Etiology, pathogenesis, prevention and control in even or split hoofed livestock. Jurnal Sain Peternakan Indonesia, 2023; 18 (4): 268-273. doi: 10.31186/jspi.id.18.4.268-273. doi.org/10.31186/jspi.id.18.4.268-273
Amstutz HE. Prevention and control of lameness in dairy cattle. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, 1985; 1(1): 25-37. doi.org/10.1016/S0749-0720(15)31348-7
Kamiloğlu A. Çiftlik hayvanlarında ayak hastalıkları. 1. Baskı, Ankara: Medipres Yayınevi; 2014.
İzci C. Sığır ayak hastalıkları. Konya: SÜ Vet Fak, Sarışen, Offset; 1998.
Yavru N, Özkan K, Elma E. Ayak hastalıkları ve ortopedi. Ankara: SÜ Vet Fak Konya. Ofset Matbaası; 1989.
Allen MS. Relationship between fermentation acid production in the rumen and the requirement for physically effective fiber. Journal of Dairy Science, 1997; 80 (7):1447-1462. doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(97)76074-0
Stone WC. Nutritional approaches to minimize subacute ruminal acidosis and laminitis in dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science, 2004; 87. Suppl: E13-E26. doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)70057-0
Kleen JL, Hooijer GA, Rehage J, Noordhuizen JPTM. Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA): a review. Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A, 2003; 50(8): 406-414. doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0442.2003.00569.x
Krause KM, Oetzel GR. Understanding and preventing subacute ruminal acidosis in dairy herds: A review. Animal Feed Science and Technology,2006;126(3-4):215-236. doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2005.08.004
Plaizier JC, Krause DO, Gozho GN, McBride BW. Subacute ruminal acidosis in dairy cows: The physiological causes, incidence and consequences. The Veterinary Journal, 2008; 176(1): 21-31. doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2007.12.016
Rodrigues I. A Review on the effects of mycotoxins in dairy ruminants. Animal Product Science, 2014; 54(9): 1155-1165. doi.org/10.1071/AN13492
Ozsoy S, Altunatmaz K, Horoz H, et al. The relationship between lameness, fertility and aflatoxin in a dairy cattle herd. Turkish Journal of Veterinary Animal Sciences, 2005; 29(4): 981-986.
Han MC, Sağlıyan A, Polat E. Sığırlarda ahır zemin tiplerinin ayak hastalıkları ve tırnak deformasyonları üzerine etkilerinin araştırılması. Harran Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi; 2017; 6 (1): 19-24. doi.org/10.31196/huvfd.325680
Yayla S, Aksoy Ö, Kılıç E, et al. Kars ve yöresinde sığırların bakım ve barındırma koşulları ile ayak hastalıkları arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi. Harran Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi; 2012; 1 (1): 22-27.
Sadiq MB, Ramanoon SZ, Mansor R, et al. Claw trimming as a lameness management practice and the association with welfare and production in dairy cows. Animals, 2020; 10: 1515. doi.org/10.3390/ani10091515
Thomsen PT, Sorensen JT, Ersboll AK. Evaluation of three commercial hoof-care products used in footbaths in Danish dairy herds. Journal Dairy Science, 2008; 91:1361–1365. doi.org/10.3168/jds.2007-0820
Meade E, Slattery MA, Garvey M. Biocidal resistance in clinically relevant microbial species: A major public health risk. Pathogens, 2021; 10: 598. doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10050598
Antanaitis R, Juozaitiene V, Urbonavicius G, et al. Impact of lameness on attributes of feeding registered with noseband sensor in fresh dairy cows. Agriculture, 2021;11:851. doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11090851.
