Sağlığın Korunması ve Geliştirilmesinde Kullanılan Modeller: Hapa-Sağlık Eylem Süreci Yaklaşım Modeli
Özet
Sağlık Eylem Süreci Yaklaşımı (SESY) modeli, bireylerin niyetlerini sağlık davranışlarına dönüştürmelerini hedefleyen bir sosyal biliş modeli olarak sağlık davranışı değişikliklerinde önemli bir yere sahiptir. Model, motivasyonel (risk algısı, sonuç beklentileri ve öz yeterlilik) ve istemli (bakım öz yeterliliği, davranışsal niyet, eylem-başa çıkma planı, davranışsal kontrol ve iyileşme öz yeterliliği) aşamalardan oluşur. Sağlık eylem süreci yaklaşımı, bireylerin niyet oluşturmasını ve bu niyetleri davranışa dönüştürmesini etkileyen sosyal bilişsel faktörleri açıklamaktadır. Ayrıca, sağlık davranışlarının sürdürülebilirliğini etkileyen öz düzenleme mekanizmaları, sosyal destek ve çevresel faktörler de modelin kapsamındadır. Model, fiziksel aktivite, diyet düzenlemesi, rehabilitasyon programları gibi farklı sağlık davranışlarını destekleyen müdahalelerde etkili bir araç olarak kullanılmıştır. Hemşirelik araştırmalarında sağlık davranışlarını anlamak ve geliştirmek amacıyla yaygın bir şekilde tercih edilen SESY, koruyucu sağlık uygulamalarının geliştirilmesinde önemli katkılar sunmaktadır.
The Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) model serves as a significant social cognitive framework for transforming intentions into health behaviors. The model comprises motivational (risk perception, outcome expectations, and self-efficacy) and volitional (maintenance self-efficacy, behavioral intention, action-coping plan, behavioral control, and recovery self-efficacy) phases. Health Action Process Approach elucidates the social cognitive factors influencing the formation of intentions and their translation into actions. Additionally, the model encompasses self-regulatory mechanisms, social support, and environmental factors affecting the sustainability of health behaviors. Model has been effectively applied in interventions promoting various health behaviors such as physical activity, dietary adjustments, and rehabilitation programs. Widely used in nursing research to comprehend and enhance health behaviors, HAPA provides valuable contributions to the development of preventive health practices.
Referanslar
Schwarzer R. Modeling health behavior change: How to predict and modify the adoption and maintenance of health behaviors. Applied Psychology. 2008; 57(1): 1-29.doi:10.1111/j.1464-0597.2007.00325.x
Hamilton K, Smith SR, Keech JJ, et al. Application of the health action process approach to social distancing behavior during COVID- Applied Psychology: Health And Well-Being. 2020;12(4): 1244–1269. doi:10.1111/aphw.12231
Zhang, CQ, Zhang R, Schwarzer R, et al. A meta-analysis of the health action process approach. Health Psychology. 2019;38(7): 623–637. 10.1037/hea0000728.
Schwarzer R, Sniehotta FF, Lippke S, et al. On the assessment and analysis of variables in the health action process approach: Conducting an investigation..Berlin: Freie Universeitat Berlin. 2003
Köksoy S, Zincir H. Sağlık eylem süreci yaklaşımı modeli. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 2017; 20(1):56-62.
Mohammadi Zeidi I, Morshedi H, Shokohi A. Predicting psychological factors affecting regular physical activity in hypertensive patients: Application of health action process approach model. Nursing Open. 2020; 8(1): 442–452. doi: 10.1002/nop2.645
Xu F, Bu K, Chen F, et al. Structural equation modeling test of the pre-intentional phase of the health action process approach (HAPA) model on condom use intention among senior high school students in Tianjin, China. Medicine. 2020; 99(44), doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000022776
Yeager CM, Shoji K, Luszczynska A, et al. Engagement with a trauma recovery ınternet ıntervention explained with the health action process approach (HAPA): longitudinal study. JMIR Mental Health. 2018; 5(2): e29. doi: 10.2196/mental.9449
Schwarzer R, Lippke S, Luszczynska A. Mechanisms of health behavior change in persons with chronic illness or disability: the health action process approach (HAPA). Rehabilitation Psychology. 2011; 56(3): 161–170.
Köksoy S, Zincir H. The health action process approach-based program's effects on ınfluenza vaccination behavior. The Journal for Nurse Practitioners. 2019; 15 (7) : 517-524 doi:10.1016/j.nurpra.2019.04.004
Schwarzer R. Health action process approach HAPA. 2009. from http://userpage.fu-berlin.de/~health/hapa.htm Erişim Tarihi:09.10.2024
Demir T. İlköğretim öğrencilerinin yaratıcı yazma becerileri ile yazma özyeterlik algısı ilişkisi üzerine bir çalışma. Uluslararası Türkçe Edebiyat Kültür Eğitim Dergisi. 2013; 2(1): 84-114.
Godoy-Izquierdo D, Lara-Moreno R, Ogallar-Blanco A, et al. The Ahawomen project: study protocol of a multi-design research for exploring HAPA predictors of exercise in postmenopausal women. BMC Psychology. 2023; 11(1): 204. doi:10.1186/s40359-023-01245-9
Luszczynska A, Schwarzer R. Planning and self-efficacy in the adoption and maintenance of breast self-examination: A longitudinal study on self-regulatory cognitions. Psychology & Health. 2003; 18 (1): 93 - 108. doi: 0.1080/0887044021000019358
Ghisi GL, Grace SL, Thomas S, et al. Behavior determinants among cardiac rehabilitation patients receiving educational interventions: An application of the health action process approach. Patient Educ Couns. 2015; 98 (5): 612-621 doi:10.1016/j.pec.2015.01.006
Chard SE, Uganda Women’s Health Belief, Social Networks and Tuberculosis Treatment Seeking. Degree of Doctor. Case Western University. USA. 2001.
Lippke S, Plotnikoff RC. Testing two principles of the health action process approach in ındividuals with type 2 diabetes. Health Psychology. 2014; 33(1):77 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0030182
Schwarzer R. Social-cognitive factors in changing health-related behaviors. Current Directions in Psychological Science. 2001;10(2), 47-51 doi:10.1111/1467-8721.00112
Godinho CA, Alvarez MJ, Lima ML. Formative research on HAPA model determinants for fruit and vegetable intake: Target beliefs for audiences at different stages of change. Health Education Research. 2013; 28(6): 1014-1028 doi:10.1093/her/cyt076
Caudroit J, Stephan Y, Le Scanff C. Social cognitive determinants of physical activity among retired older individuals: An application of the health action process approach. British Journal of Health Psychology. 2011; 16(2): 404-417 doi:10.1348/135910710X518324
Williams RJ, Herzog TA, Simmons VN. Risk perception and motivation to quit smoking: A partial test of the health action process approach. Addictive Behaviors. 2011; 36(7): 789-791 doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2011.03.003
Teng Y, Mak WW. The role of planning and self-efficacy in condom use among men who have sex with men: An application of the health action process approach model. Health Psychogyl. 2011; 30 (1):119-128 https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022023
Dohnke B, Nowossadeck E, Müller-Fahrnow W, et al. Motivation and participation in a phase III cardiac rehabilitation programme: An application of the health action process approach. Research in Sports Medicine. 2010; 18(4): 219-235 doi:10.1080/15438627.2010.510032
Mak WW, Chan AT, Cheung EY, et al. Enhancing web-based mindfulness training for mental health promotion with the health action process approach: Randomized controlled trial. Journal of Medical Internet Research. 2015; 17(1): e8 doi:10.2196/jmir.3746
Clark H, Bassett S. An application of the health action process approach to physiotherapy rehabilitation adherence. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice. 2014; 30 (8): 527-533 doi:10.3109/09593985.2014.912710
Lee J, Jang B, Kim Y. The relationship between exercise intention, behavioural plans, and exercise behaviour among Korean college students using the health action process approach (HAPA). International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 2024; 1–22. doi:10.1080/1612197X.2024.2323993
Scholz U, Sniehotta FF, Schwarzer R. Predicting physical exercise in cardiac rehabilitation: The role of phase-specific self-efficacy beliefs. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology. 2005; 27(2): 135-151 doi:10.5167/uzh-102309
Schwarzer R. Health action process approach (HAPA) as a theoretical framework to understand behavior change. Actualidades en Psicologí, 2016; 30(121): 119-130. doi:10.15517/ap.v30i121.23458
Lehane E. The health action process approach theory. In: Theories guidng nursing research and practice. Fitzpatrick JJ, McCarthy G (eds). Springer Publishing Company, New York, 2014
Referanslar
Schwarzer R. Modeling health behavior change: How to predict and modify the adoption and maintenance of health behaviors. Applied Psychology. 2008; 57(1): 1-29.doi:10.1111/j.1464-0597.2007.00325.x
Hamilton K, Smith SR, Keech JJ, et al. Application of the health action process approach to social distancing behavior during COVID- Applied Psychology: Health And Well-Being. 2020;12(4): 1244–1269. doi:10.1111/aphw.12231
Zhang, CQ, Zhang R, Schwarzer R, et al. A meta-analysis of the health action process approach. Health Psychology. 2019;38(7): 623–637. 10.1037/hea0000728.
Schwarzer R, Sniehotta FF, Lippke S, et al. On the assessment and analysis of variables in the health action process approach: Conducting an investigation..Berlin: Freie Universeitat Berlin. 2003
Köksoy S, Zincir H. Sağlık eylem süreci yaklaşımı modeli. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 2017; 20(1):56-62.
Mohammadi Zeidi I, Morshedi H, Shokohi A. Predicting psychological factors affecting regular physical activity in hypertensive patients: Application of health action process approach model. Nursing Open. 2020; 8(1): 442–452. doi: 10.1002/nop2.645
Xu F, Bu K, Chen F, et al. Structural equation modeling test of the pre-intentional phase of the health action process approach (HAPA) model on condom use intention among senior high school students in Tianjin, China. Medicine. 2020; 99(44), doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000022776
Yeager CM, Shoji K, Luszczynska A, et al. Engagement with a trauma recovery ınternet ıntervention explained with the health action process approach (HAPA): longitudinal study. JMIR Mental Health. 2018; 5(2): e29. doi: 10.2196/mental.9449
Schwarzer R, Lippke S, Luszczynska A. Mechanisms of health behavior change in persons with chronic illness or disability: the health action process approach (HAPA). Rehabilitation Psychology. 2011; 56(3): 161–170.
Köksoy S, Zincir H. The health action process approach-based program's effects on ınfluenza vaccination behavior. The Journal for Nurse Practitioners. 2019; 15 (7) : 517-524 doi:10.1016/j.nurpra.2019.04.004
Schwarzer R. Health action process approach HAPA. 2009. from http://userpage.fu-berlin.de/~health/hapa.htm Erişim Tarihi:09.10.2024
Demir T. İlköğretim öğrencilerinin yaratıcı yazma becerileri ile yazma özyeterlik algısı ilişkisi üzerine bir çalışma. Uluslararası Türkçe Edebiyat Kültür Eğitim Dergisi. 2013; 2(1): 84-114.
Godoy-Izquierdo D, Lara-Moreno R, Ogallar-Blanco A, et al. The Ahawomen project: study protocol of a multi-design research for exploring HAPA predictors of exercise in postmenopausal women. BMC Psychology. 2023; 11(1): 204. doi:10.1186/s40359-023-01245-9
Luszczynska A, Schwarzer R. Planning and self-efficacy in the adoption and maintenance of breast self-examination: A longitudinal study on self-regulatory cognitions. Psychology & Health. 2003; 18 (1): 93 - 108. doi: 0.1080/0887044021000019358
Ghisi GL, Grace SL, Thomas S, et al. Behavior determinants among cardiac rehabilitation patients receiving educational interventions: An application of the health action process approach. Patient Educ Couns. 2015; 98 (5): 612-621 doi:10.1016/j.pec.2015.01.006
Chard SE, Uganda Women’s Health Belief, Social Networks and Tuberculosis Treatment Seeking. Degree of Doctor. Case Western University. USA. 2001.
Lippke S, Plotnikoff RC. Testing two principles of the health action process approach in ındividuals with type 2 diabetes. Health Psychology. 2014; 33(1):77 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0030182
Schwarzer R. Social-cognitive factors in changing health-related behaviors. Current Directions in Psychological Science. 2001;10(2), 47-51 doi:10.1111/1467-8721.00112
Godinho CA, Alvarez MJ, Lima ML. Formative research on HAPA model determinants for fruit and vegetable intake: Target beliefs for audiences at different stages of change. Health Education Research. 2013; 28(6): 1014-1028 doi:10.1093/her/cyt076
Caudroit J, Stephan Y, Le Scanff C. Social cognitive determinants of physical activity among retired older individuals: An application of the health action process approach. British Journal of Health Psychology. 2011; 16(2): 404-417 doi:10.1348/135910710X518324
Williams RJ, Herzog TA, Simmons VN. Risk perception and motivation to quit smoking: A partial test of the health action process approach. Addictive Behaviors. 2011; 36(7): 789-791 doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2011.03.003
Teng Y, Mak WW. The role of planning and self-efficacy in condom use among men who have sex with men: An application of the health action process approach model. Health Psychogyl. 2011; 30 (1):119-128 https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022023
Dohnke B, Nowossadeck E, Müller-Fahrnow W, et al. Motivation and participation in a phase III cardiac rehabilitation programme: An application of the health action process approach. Research in Sports Medicine. 2010; 18(4): 219-235 doi:10.1080/15438627.2010.510032
Mak WW, Chan AT, Cheung EY, et al. Enhancing web-based mindfulness training for mental health promotion with the health action process approach: Randomized controlled trial. Journal of Medical Internet Research. 2015; 17(1): e8 doi:10.2196/jmir.3746
Clark H, Bassett S. An application of the health action process approach to physiotherapy rehabilitation adherence. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice. 2014; 30 (8): 527-533 doi:10.3109/09593985.2014.912710
Lee J, Jang B, Kim Y. The relationship between exercise intention, behavioural plans, and exercise behaviour among Korean college students using the health action process approach (HAPA). International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 2024; 1–22. doi:10.1080/1612197X.2024.2323993
Scholz U, Sniehotta FF, Schwarzer R. Predicting physical exercise in cardiac rehabilitation: The role of phase-specific self-efficacy beliefs. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology. 2005; 27(2): 135-151 doi:10.5167/uzh-102309
Schwarzer R. Health action process approach (HAPA) as a theoretical framework to understand behavior change. Actualidades en Psicologí, 2016; 30(121): 119-130. doi:10.15517/ap.v30i121.23458
Lehane E. The health action process approach theory. In: Theories guidng nursing research and practice. Fitzpatrick JJ, McCarthy G (eds). Springer Publishing Company, New York, 2014
