Fotovoltaik Teknoloji
Özet
-
Referanslar
Abdallah, T.; Farhat, A.; Diabat, A.; Kennedy, S. Green supply chains with carbon trading and environmental sourcing: Formula tion and life cycle assessment. Appl. Math. Model. 2012, 36, 4271–4285.
Abdallah, S.; Nijmeh, S. Two axes sun tracking system with PLC control. Energy Convers. Manag. 2004, 45, 1931–1939.
Abdallah, A.; Martinez, D.; Figgis, B.; El Daif, O. Performance of Silicon Heterojunction Photovoltaic modules in Qatar climatic conditions. Renew. Energy 2016, 97, 860–865.
Abdelaty, T.; Chaudhry, H.N.; Calautit, J.K. Investigation of Cooling Techniques for Roof Mounted Silicon Photovoltaic Panels in the Climate of the UAE: A Computational and Experimental Study. Energies 2023, 16, 6706. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16186706
Abd-Elhady, M.; Serag, Z.; Kandil, H.A. An innovative solution to the overheating problem of PV panels. Energy Convers. Manag. 2018, 157, 452–459.
Abdollahpour, M.; Golzarian, M.R.; Rohani, A.; Zarchi, H.A. Development of a machine vision dual-axis solar tracking system. Sol. Energy 2018, 169, 136–143.
Abhilash, P.; Kumar, R.N.; Kumar, R.P. Solar powered water pump with single axis tracking system for irrigation purpose. Mater. Today Proc. 2021, 39, 553–557.
Aboagye, B.; Gyamfi, S.; Ofosu, E.A.; Djordjevic, S. Investigation into the impacts of design, installation, operation and maintenance issues on performance and degradation of installed solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. Energy Sustain. Dev. 2022, 66, 165–176.
Abou-Ras, D.; Wagner, S.; Stanbery, B.J.; Schock, H.W.; Scheer, R.; Stolt, L.; Siebentritt, S.; Lincot, D.; Eberspacher, C.; Kushiya, K.; et al. Innovation highway: Breakthrough milestones and key developments in chalcopyrite photovoltaics from a retrospective viewpoint. Thin Solid Films 2017, 633, 2–12.
Abubakar, A.; Almeida, C.; Gemignani, M. Review of Artificial Intelligence-Based Failure Detection and Diagnosis Methods for Solar Photovoltaic Systems. Machines 2021, 9, 328.
Abdulgafar, S.A.; Omar, O.S.; Yousif, K.M. Improving The Efficiency of Polycrystalline Solar Panel via Water Immersion Method. Int. J. Innov. Res. Sci. Eng. Technol. 2014, 3, 8127–8132.
Adefarati, T.; Bansal, R.C. Integration of renewable distributed generators into the distribution system: A review. IET Renew. Power Gener. 2016, 10, 873–884.
Adinoyi, M.J.; Said, S.A.M. Effect of Dust Accumulation on the Power Outputs of Solar Photovoltaic Modules. Renew. Energy 2013, 60, 633–636.
Aditya Chauhan, V.V. Tyagi , Sanjeev Anand (2018). Futuristic approach for thermal management in solar PV/thermal systems with possible applications. Energy Conversion and Management 163: 314-354.
Afia, R.S.; Mustafa, E.; Tamus, Z.A. Condition Monitoring of Photovoltaic Cables Based Cross-Linked Polyolefin Insulation Under Combined Accelerated Aging Stresses: Electrical and Mechanical Assessment. Energy Rep. 2022, 8, 1038–1049.
Agathokleous, R.A.; Kalogirou, S.A. Status, barriers and perspectives of building integrated photovoltaic systems. Energy 2020, 191, 116471.
Ahmad, L.; Khordehgah, N.; Malinauskaite, J.; Jouhara, H. Recent advances and applications of solar photovoltaics and thermal technologies. Energy 2020, 207, 118254.
Ahmed, N.; Naveed Khan, A.; Ahmed, N.; Aslam, A.; Imran, K.; Sajid, M.B.; Waqas, A. Techno-Economic Potential Assessment of Mega Scale Grid-Connected PV Power Plant in Five Climate Zones of Pakistan. Energy Convers. Manag. 2021, 237, 114097.
Ahmed, O.K. Effect of Dust on the Performance of Solar Water Collectors in Iraq. Int. J. Renew. Energy Dev. 2016, 5, 65–72.
Ahmed, R.; Oh, S.J.; Mehmood, M.U.; Kim, Y.; Jeon, G.; Han, H.J.; Lim, S.H. Computer vision and photosensor based hybrid control strategy for a two-axis solar tracker-Daylighting application. Sol. Energy 2021, 224, 175–183.
Ajzen, I. From intentions to actions: A theory of planned behavior. In Action Control: From Cognition to Behavior; Springer: Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany, 1985; pp. 11–39.
Ajzen, I. The theory of planned behavior. Organ. Behav. Hum. Decis. Process. 1991, 50, 179–211.
Akinyele, D.O.; Rayudu, R.K.; Nair, N.K.C. Global Progress in Photovoltaic Technologies and the Scenario of Development of Solar Panel Plant and Module Performance Estimation—Application in Nigeria. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2015, 48, 112–139.
Alam, S.; AlShaikh, A.A. Use of palm fronds as shaded cover for evaporation reduction to improve water storage efficiency. J. King Saud Univ.-Eng. Sci. 2013, 25, 55–58.
Alavi, S. A., A. Ahmadian, and M. Aliakbar-Golkar, “Optimal probabilistic energy management in a typical micro-grid based-on robust optimization and point estimate method,” Energy Convers. Manage. 95, 314–325 (2015).
Albert Einstein—Facts, NobelPrize.org Nobel Prize Outreach AB. Available online: https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/ 1921/einstein/facts (accessed on 10 December 2021).
Alcott, B. Jevons’ paradox. Ecol. Econ. 2005, 54, 9–21.
Alemayehu, M.; Admasu, B.T. Passive solar tracker using a bimetallic strip activator with an integrated night return mechanism. Heliyon 2023, 9, e18174.
Alencar. M. R. B.; B. A. Souza. A comparative study to determine the photovoltaic annual energy generation in the Brazilian Northeast Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy 15, 023501 (2023)
Alharthi, Y. Z., M. K. Siddiki, G. M. Chaudhry, “Resource assessment and techno-economic analysis of a grid-connected solar PV-wind hybrid system for different locations in Saudi Arabia,” Sustainability 10, 3690 (2018).
Alghamdi, A.S.; Bahaj, A.B.S.; Blunden, L.S.; Wu, Y. Dépoussiérage des modules solaires photovoltaïques par des systèmes de nettoyage automatisés. Energies 2019, 12, 2923.
Alhuyi Nazari, M.; Ghasempour, R.; Ahmadi, M.H. A Review on Using Nanofluids in Heat Pipes. J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. 2019, 137, 1847–1855.
Alloghani, M.; Al-Jumeily, D.; Mustafina, J.; Hussain, A.; Aljaaf, A.J. A Systematic Review on Supervised and Unsupervised Machine Learning Algorithms for Data Science. In Supervised and Unsupervised Learning for Data Science; Springer: Cham, Switzerland, 2019; pp. 3–21.
Allouhi, A.; Saadani, R.; Kousksou, T.; Saidur, R.; Jamil, A.; Rahmoune, M. Grid-Connected PV Systems Installed on Institutional Buildings: Technology Comparison, Energy Analysis and Economic Performance. Energy Build. 2016, 130, 188–201.
Almajali, Z.S.; Aldmour, S.A. Single-Axis Solar Tracker System for Maintaining Southward Orientation of Solar Cells in Solar Cars. In Proceedings of the 2023 IEEE Jordan International Joint Conference on Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (JEEIT), Amman, Jordan, 22–24 May 2023.
Alshehri, A.; Parrott, B.; Outa, A.; Amer, A.; Abdellatif, F.; Trigui, H.; Carrasco, P. Dust mitigation in the desert: Cleaning mechanisms for solar panels in arid regions. In Proceedings of the Saudi Arabia Smart Grid Conference (SASG), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 14–17 December 2014.
Ali, H.M. Recent advancements in PV cooling and efficiency enhancement integrating phase change materials based systems—A comprehensive review. Sol. Energy 2020, 197, 163–198.
Ali H.A. Al-Waelia, K. Sopiana, Hussein A. Kazemb, Miqdam, T. Chaichan. (2017) Photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T) systems: Status and future prospects Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 77:109-130.
Ali, A.; Koch, T.W.; Volk, T.A.; Malmsheimer, R.W.; Eisenbies, M.H.; Kloster, D.; Brown, T.R.; Naim, N.; Therasme, O. The environmental life cycle assessment of electricity production in New York State from distributed solar photovoltaic systems. Energies 2022, 15, 7278.
Alimi, O.A.; Meyer, E.L.; Olayiwola, O.I. Solar Photovoltaic Modules’ Performance Reliability and Degradation Analysis—A Review. Energies 2022, 15, 5964.
Alizadeh, H.; Ghasempour, R.; Shafii, M.B.; Ahmadi, M.H.; Yan, W.M.; Nazari, M.A. Numerical Simulation of PV Cooling by Using Single Turn Pulsating Heat Pipe. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 2018, 127, 203–208.
Almeida, R.M.; Schmitt, R.; Grodsky, S.M.; Flecker, A.S.; Gomes, C.P.; Zhao, L.; Liu, H.; Barros, N.; Kelman, R.; McIntyre, P.B. Floating Solar Power Could Help Fight Climate Change—Let’s Get It Right. Nature 2022, 606, 246–249.
Alobaid M, Hughes B, Calautit JK, Connor DO, Heyes A. A review of solar driven absorption cooling with photovoltaic thermal systems. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2017;76:728–42.
Alonso-Alvarez D, Ferre Llin L, Mellor A, Paul DJ, Ekins-Daukes NJ. ITO and AZO films for low emissivity coatings in hybrid photovoltaic-thermal applications. Sol Energy 2017;155:82–92.
Alonso-García, M.C.; Ruiz, J.M.; Chenlo, F. Experimental Study of Mismatch and Shading Effects in the I-V Characteristic of a Photovoltaic Module. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2006, 90, 329–340.
Alous S, Kayfeci M, Uysal A. Experimental investigations of using MWCNTs and graphene nanoplatelets water-based nanofluids as coolants in PVT systems. Appl Therm Eng 2019;162:114265.
Al-Ali, S.; Olabi, A.G.; Mahmoud, M. Multi-Criteria Decision Making for Selecting the Location of a Solar Photovoltaic Park: A Case Study in UAE. Energies 2024, 17, 4235. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17174235
Al-Amri, F.; Maatallah, T.S.; Al-Amri, O.F.; Ali, S.; Ali, S.; Ateeq, I.S.; Zachariah, R.; Kayed, T.S. Innovative technique for achieving uniform temperatures across solar panels using heat pipes and liquid immersion cooling in the harsh climate in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Alex. Eng. J. 2022, 61, 1413–1424.
Al-Amayreh, M.I.; Alahmer, A. On improving the efficiency of hybrid solar lighting and thermal system using dual-axis solar tracking system. Energy Rep. 2022, 8, 841–847.
Al-Ashouri, A.; Köhnen, E.; Li, B.; Magomedov, A.; Hempel, H.; Caprioglio, P.; Márquez, J.A.; Morales Vilches, A.B.; Kasparavicius, E.; Smith, J.A.; et al. Monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cell with >29% efficiency by enhanced hole extraction. Science 2020, 370, 1300–1309.
Al-Dahidi, S.; Ayadi, O.; Adeeb, J.; Alrbai, M.; Qawasmeh, B.R. Extreme Learning Machines for Solar Photovoltaic Power Predictions. Energies 2018, 11, 2725.
Al–Bashir, A.; Al-Dweri, M.; Al–ghandoor, A.; Hammad, B.; Al–kouz, W. Analysis of Effects of Solar Irradiance, Cell Temperature and Wind Speed on Photovoltaic Systems Performance. Int. J. Energy Econ. Policy 2020, 10, 353–359.
Al Garni, H.Z.; Awasthi, A.; Wright, D. Optimal Orientation Angles for Maximizing Energy Yield for Solar PV in Saudi Arabia. Renew. Energy 2019, 133, 538–550.
Al Garni, H.Z.; Awasthi, A.; Ramli, M.A.M. Optimal design and analysis of grid-connected photovoltaic under different tracking systems using HOMER. Energy Convers. Manag. 2018, 155, 42–57.
Al-Housani, M.; Bicer, Y.; Koç, M. Experimental Investigations on PV Cleaning of Large-Scale Solar Power Plants in Desert Climates: Comparison of Cleaning Techniques for Drone Retrofitting. Energy Convers. Manag. 2019, 185, 800–815.
Al-Noaimi, F.; Khir, R.; Haouari, M. Optimal design of a district cooling grid: Structure, technology integration, and operation. Eng. Optim. 2019, 51, 160–183.
Al-Otab, S.; Ajib, S.; Langner, W. A Comparative Investigation on Outdoor and Laboratory Test of the Degradation Rates for Different Types of Photovoltaic Modules with Different Exposure Periods. Glob. J. Energy Technol. Res. Updates 2018, 5, 56–71.
Al-Rousan, N.; Mat Isa, N.A.; Mat Desa, M.K.; AL-Najjar, H. Integration of logistic regression and multilayer perceptron for intelligent single and dual axis solar tracking systems. Int. J. Intell. Syst. 2021, 36, 5605–5669.
Al-Rousan, N.; Isa, N.A.M.; Desa, M.K.M. Correlation analysis and MLP/CMLP for optimum variables to predict orientation and tilt angles in intelligent solar tracking systems. Int. J. Energy Res. 2021, 45, 453–477.
Al-Saidi, M.; Lahham, N. Solar Energy Farming as a Development Innovation for Vulnerable Water Basins. Dev. Pract. 2019, 29, 619–634.
Al-Shamani AN, Sopian K, Mat S, Hasan HA, Abed AM, Ruslan MH. Experimental studies of rectangular tube absorber photovoltaic thermal collector with various types of nanofluids under the tropical climate conditions. Energy Convers Manag 2016;124:528–42.
Al-Shamani AN, Yazdi MH, Alghoul MA, Abed AM, Ruslan MH, Mat S, Sopian K. Nanofluids for improved efficiency in cooling solar collectors–a review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2014;38:348–67.
Al-Shamani AN, Sopian K, Mat S, Hasan HA, Abed AM, Ruslan MH. Experimental studies of rectangular tube absorber photovoltaic thermal collector with various types of nanofluids under the tropical climate conditions. Energy Convers Manag 2016;124:528–42.
Al-Shamani AN, Alghoul MA, Elbreki AM, Ammar AA, Abed AM, Sopian K. Mathematical and experimental evaluation of thermal and electrical efficiency of PV/T collector using different water based nano-fluids. Energy 2018;145:770–92.
Al Tarabsheh, I. Etier, and M. Widyan, “Investigation of the shunt effects of parallel-connected a-Si: H solar cells,” International Journal of Sustainable Energy, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 71–77, 2011.
Al-Waeli AHA, Chaichan MT, Kazem HA, Sopian K, Safaei J. Numerical study on the effect of operating nanofluids of photovoltaic thermal system (PV/T) on the convective heat transfer. Case Stud Therm Eng 2018a;12:405–13.
Al-Waeli AHA, Chaichan MT, Kazem HA, Sopian K, Ibrahim A, Mat S, et al. Comparison study of indoor/outdoor experiments of a photovoltaic thermal PV/T system containing SiC nanofluid as a coolant. Energy 2018b;151:33–44.
Al-Waeli AHA, Sopian K, Chaichan MT, Kazem HA, Ibrahim A, Mat S, et al. Evaluation of the nanofluid and nano-PCM based photovoltaic thermal (PVT) system: an experimental study. Energy Convers Manage 2017;151:693–708.
Al-Waeli AHA, Chaichan MT, Sopian K, Kazem HA, Mahood HB, Khadom AA. Model ing and experimental validation of a PVT system using nanofluid coolant and nano PCM. Sol Energy 2019;177:178–91.
Al-Waeli, A.H.A.; Sopian, K.; Chaichan, M.T.; Kazem, H.A.; Ibrahim, A.; Mat, S.; Ruslan, M.H. Evaluation of the Nanofluid and Nano-PCM Based Photovoltaic Thermal (PVT) System: An Experimental Study. Energy Convers. Manag. 2017, 151, 693–708.
Alvarado-M, J.F.; Betancur, E.; Velásquez-Lopez, A. Optimization of single-axis discrete solar tracking. In Proceedings of the 2020 9th International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Application (ICRERA), Glasgow, UK, 27–30 September 2020.
Alves dos Santos, S.A.; Torres, J.P.N.; Ferreira Fernandes, C.A.; Marques Lameirinhas, R.A. The impact of aging of solar cells on the performance of photovoltaic panels. Energy Convers. Manag. X 2021, 10, 100082.
Alves, T.; Torres, J.P.N.; Marques Lameirinhas, R.A.; Fernandes, C.A.F. Different Techniques to Mitigate Partial Shading in Photovoltaic Panels. Energies 2021, 14, 3863.
Aly, A., Jensen, S.S., Pedersen, A.B., 2017. Solar power potential of Tanzania: Identifying CSP and PV hot spots through a GIS multicriteria decision making analysis. Renew. Energy 113, 159–175.
Alzarooni, M.; Olabi, A.G.; Mahmoud, M. Multi-Criteria Decision-Making for Selecting Solar Window Film Sheets for Energy Saving in Buildings. Energies 2024, 17, 3722.
Amadi, H.N.; Gutiérrez, S. Design and performance evaluation of a dual-axis solar tracking system for rural applications. Eur. J. Electr. Eng. Comput. Sci. 2019, 3, 1.
Amelia, A.R.; Irwan, Y.M.; Leow, W.Z.; Irwanto, M.; Safwati, I.; Zhafarina, M. Investigation of the Effect Temperature on Photovoltaic (PV) Panel Output Performance. Int. J. Adv. Sci. Eng. Inf. Technol. 2016, 6, 682–688.
Ameri M, Mahmoudabadi MM, Shahsavar A. An experimental study on a photovoltaic/ thermal (PV/T) air collector with direct coupling of fans and panels. Energy Sources Part A Recovery Util Environ Eff 2012;34:929–47.
Ameur, A.; Berrada, A.; Bouaichi, A.; Loudiyi, K. Long-term performance and degradation analysis of different PV modules under temperate climate. Renew. Energy 2022, 188, 37–51.
Ameur, A.; Sekkat, A.; Loudiyi, K.; Aggour, M. Energy for Sustainable Development Performance Evaluation of Different Photovoltaic Technologies in the Region of Ifrane, Morocco. Energy Sustain. Dev. 2019, 52, 96–103.
Amillo, A.M.G. T. Huld, P. Vourlioti, R. Müller, M. Norton, Application of satellite-based spectrally-resolved solar radiation data to PV performance studies, Energies 8 (2015) 3455–3488.
Amori KE, Najjar HMTA. Analysis of thermal and electrical performance of a hy brid (PV/T) air based solar collector for Iraq. Appl Energy 2012;98:384–95.
Amouche, B., Guessoum, A., Belhamel, M. 2012. A simple behavioral model for solar module electric characteristics based on the first order system step response for MPPT study and comparison.
Amori KE, Al-Najjar HMT. Analysis of thermal and electrical performance of a hybrid (PV/T) air based solar collector for Iraq. Appl Energy 2012;98:384–95.
An W, Wua J, Zhu T, Zhu Q. Experimental investigation of a concentrating PV/T collector with (Cu9S5) nanofluid spectral splitting filter. Appl Energy 2016;184:197–206.
Anderson, M.; Grandy, A.; Hastie, J.; Sweezey, A.; Ranky, R.; Mavroidis, C.; Markopoulos, Y.P. Robotic Device for Cleaning Photovoltaic Panel Arrays. In Mobile Robotics: Solutions and Challenges; World Scientific: Singapore, 2010; pp. 367–377.
Andrea, Y. T. Pogrebnaya, and B. Kichonge, “Effect of indus trial dust deposition on photovoltaic module performance: experimental measurements in the tropical regionInterna tional Journal of Photoenergy,” vol. 2019, Article ID 1892148, 10 pages, 2019.
Andreev, V.M.; McEvoy, A.; Markvart, T.; Castañer, L. GaAs and High-Efficiency Space Cells. In Practical Handbook of Photovoltaics, 2nd ed.; Academic Press: Cambridge, MA, USA, 2012; pp. 399–416.
Anvari, M.; Proedrou, E.; Schäfer, B.; Beck, C.; Kantz, H.; Timme, M. Data-driven load profiles and the dynamics of residential electricity consumption. Nat. Commun. 2022, 13, 1–12.
Apeh, O.O.; Meyer, E.L.; Overen, O.K. Contributions of Solar Photovoltaic Systems to Environmental and Socioeconomic Aspects of National Development—A Review. Energies 2022, 15, 5963.
Appen, J.V.; Stetz, T.; Braun, M.; Schmiegel, A. Local Voltage Control Strategies for PV Storage Systems in Distribution Grids. IEEE Trans. Smart Grid 2014, 5, 1002–1009.
Aramendia, I.; Fernandez-Gamiz, U.; Martinez-San-Vicente, A.; Zulueta, E.; Lopez-Guede, J.M. Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries: A Review Oriented to Fluid-Dynamic Optimization. Energies 2021, 14, 176.
Arenas-Corraliza, M.G.; Rolo, V.; López-Díaz, M.L.; Moreno, G. Wheat and barley can increase grain yield in shade through acclimation of physiological and morphological traits in Mediterranean conditions. Sci. Rep. 2019, 9, 9547.
Arif, M.S. Residential Solar Panels and Their Impact on the Reduction of Carbon Emissions. Spring 2013, 1–18.
Arjyadhara, P., Ali S.M., Chitralekha, J. 2013. Analysis of solar PV cell performance with changing irradiance and temperature. Int. J. Eng. Computer. Sci., 2 (1), pp. 214–220.
Arkam, U., M. Khalid, and S. Shafiq, “Optimal sizing of a wind/solar/battery hybrid grid-connected microgrid system,” IET Renewable Power Gener. 12, 72–80 (2018).
Arora, N.D., Hauser, J.R., 1982. Temperature dependence of silicon solar cell characteristics. Sol. Energy Mater., 6, pp. 151–158.
Arunkumar, G. AI-Based Predictive Maintenance Strategies for Electrical Equipment and Power Networks. Int. J. Artif. Intell. Electr. Eng. (IJAIEE) 2024, 2, 1–13.
Asadi, M.; Pourhossein, K.; Noorollahi, Y.; Marzband, M.; Iglesias, G. A New Decision Framework for Hybrid Solar and Wind Power Plant Site Selection Using Linear Regression Modeling Based on GIS-AHP. Sustainability 2023, 15, 8359.
Asdrubali, F.; Baldinelli, G.; D’Alessandro, F.; Scrucca, F. Life cycle assessment of electricity production from renewable energies: Review and results harmonization. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2015, 42, 1113–1122.
Asgharzadeh, A.; Lubenow, T.; Sink, J.; Marion, B.; Deline, C.; Hansen, C.; Stein, J.; Toor, F. Analysis of the Impact of Installation Parameters and System Size on Bifacial Gain and Energy Yield of PV Systems. In Proceedings of the 2017 IEEE 44th Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC), Washington, DC, USA, 25–30 June 2017; pp. 3333–3338.
Ashhab, M.S.; Akash, O. Experiment on PV Panels Tilt Angle and Dust. In Proceedings of the 2016 5th International Con ference on Electronic Devices, Systems and Applications (ICEDSA), Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates, 6–8 December 2016; pp. 16–18.
Ashish Verma, S.S. Solar PV performance parameter and recommendation for optimization of performance in large scale grid connected solar PV plant—case study. J. Energy Power Sources 2015, 2, 40–53.
Askarzadeh, A. “Distribution generation by photovoltaic and diesel generator systems: Energy management and size optimization by a new approach for a stand-alone application,” Energy 122, 542–551 (2017).
Aslam, A.; Ahmed, N.; Qureshi, S.A.; Assadi, M.; Ahmed, N. Advances in Solar PV Systems; A Comprehensive Review of PV Performance, Influencing Factors, and Mitigation Techniques. Energies 2022, 15, 7595.
Aslam, A.; Khan, A.N.; Ahmed, N.; Ahmed, N.; Imran, K.; Mahmood, M. Effect of Fixed and Seasonal Tilt Angles on the Performance of an ON-Grid PV Plant. In Proceedings of the 2021 International Conference on Emerging Power Technologies 2021, Topi, Pakistan, 10–11 April 2021; pp. 1–5.
Assoa YB, Menezo C, Fraisse G, Yezou R, Brau J. Study of a new concept of photovoltaic–thermal hybrid collector. Sol Energy 2007;81:1132–43.
Aste, N.; Del Pero, C.; Leonforte, F. PV Technologies Performance Comparison in Temperate Climates. Sol. Energy 2014, 109, 1–10.
Assadeg, J.A.; Fudholi, A.; Sopian, K.B. Performance of grid-connected solar photovoltaic power plants in the Middle East and North Africa. Int. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. 2019, 9, 3375–3383.
Aste N, del Pero C, Leonforte F. Water flat plate PV–thermal collectors: a review. Sol Energy 2014;102:98–115.
Aste N, Del Pero C, Leonforte F. Thermal-electrical optimization of the configuration a liquid PVT collector. Energy Procedia 2012;30:1–7.
Aste N, Chiesa G, Verri F. Design, development and performance monitoring of a photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) air collector. Renew Energy 2008;33:914–27.
Astolfi, M.; Mazzola, S.; Silva, P.; Macchi, E. A synergic integration of desalination and solar energy systems in stand-alone microgrids. Desalination 2017, 419, 169–180.
Atsu, D.; Seres, I.; Aghaei, M.; Farkas, I. Analysis of Long-Term Performance and Reliability of PV Modules under Tropical Climatic Conditions in Sub-Saharan. Renew. Energy 2020, 162, 285–295.
Athienitis AK, Bambara J, O’Neill B, Faille J. A prototype photovoltaic/thermal system integrated with transpired collector. Sol Energy 2011;85:139–53.
Atkin P, Farid MM. Improving the efficiency of photovoltaic cells using PCM in fused graphite and aluminium fins. Sol Energy 2015;114:217–28.
Atlas, G.S. Validation Report. Available online: https://solargis2-web-assets.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/public/doc/ Validation-Report_Global-Solar-Atlas-2.0_WB-ESMAP_Nov2019-1.pdf (accessed on 14 August 2024).
Attari, K.; Elyaakoubi, A.; Asselman, A. Performance Analysis and Investigation of a Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Installation in Morocco. Energy Rep. 2016, 2, 261–266.
Avithi Desappan, D., E. Natarajan, and L. Ponnusamy, “Per formance evaluation of photovoltaic system in humid atmo sphere,” in Applied Mechanics and Materials, vol. 787, pp. 57–61, Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2015.
Ayompe, L.M.; Duffy, A.; McCormack, S.J.; Conlon, M. Measured Performance of a 1.72 KW Rooftop Grid Connected Photovoltaic System in Ireland. Energy Convers. Manag. 2011, 52, 816–825.
Azmi, M.S.M.; Othman, M.Y.H.; Ruslan, M.H.H.; Sopian, K.; Majid, Z.A.A. Study on electrical power output of floating photovoltaic and conventional photovoltaic. In AIP Conference Proceedings; AIP Publishing LLC: Melville, NY, USA, 2013; pp. 95–101.
Azouzoute, A.; Zitouni, H.; El Ydrissi, M.; Hajjaj, C.; Garoum, M.; Bennouna, E.G.; Ghennioui, A. Developing a Cleaning Strategy for Hybrid Solar Plants PV/CSP: Case Study for Semi-Arid Climate. Energy 2021, 228.
Babatunde, A.A.; Abbasoglu, S.; Senol, M. Analysis of the Impact of Dust, Tilt Angle and Orientation on Performance of PV Plants. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2018, 90, 1017–1026.
Babu C, Ponnambalam P. The role of thermoelectric generators in the hybrid PV/T systems: a review. Energy Convers Manage 2017;151:368–85.
Baccoli, R.; Kumar, A.; Frattolillo, A.; Mastino, C.; Ghiani, E.; Gatto, G. Enhancing energy production in a PV collector—Reflector system supervised by an optimization model: Experimental analysis and validation. Energy Convers. Manag. 2021, 229, 113774.
Badr, F.; Radwan, A.; Ahmed, M.; Hamed, A.M. Performance assessment of a dual-axis solar tracker for concentrator photovoltaic systems. Int. J. Energy Res. 2022, 46, 13424–13440.
Bagnall, D. M., Boreland M., 2008. Photovoltaic technologies. Energy Policy, 36: 4390-4396.
Bai, Y.; Wang, Z.; Wu, C.; Xu, R.; Wu, F.; Liu, Y.; Li, H.; Li, Y.; Lu, J.; Amine, K. Hard Carbon Originated from Polyvinyl Chloride Nanofibers As High-Performance Anode Material for Na-Ion Battery. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2015, 7, 5598–5604.
Bakar MNA, Othman M, Din M, Manaf NA, Jarimi H. Development of an improved photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) solar collector with bi-fluid configuration. Int J Chem Environ Eng 2013;4:234–9.
Bakar MNA, Othman M, Din M, Manaf NA, Jarimi H. Design concept and mathematical model of a bi-fluid photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) solar collector. Renew Energy 2014;67:153–64.
Bakirci, K. General Models for Optimum Tilt Angles of Solar Panels: Turkey Case Study. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2012, 16, 6149–6159.
Baklouti, A.; Mifdal, L.; Dellagi, S.; Chelbi, A. An optimal preventive maintenance policy for a solar photovoltaic system. Sustainability 2020, 12, 4266.
Baldus-Jeursen, C.; Petsuik, A.L.; Rheault, S.A.; Pelland, S.; Côté, A.; Poissant, Y.; Pearce, J.M. Snow Losses for Photovoltaic Systems: Validating the Marion and Townsend Models. IEEE J. Photovolt. 2023, 13, 610–620.
Baloch, A.A.B.; Bahaidarah, H.M.S.; Gandhidasan, P.; Al-Sulaiman, F.A. Experimental and Numerical Performance Analysis of a Converging Channel Heat Exchanger for PV Cooling. Energy Convers. Manag. 2015, 103, 14–27.
Bambrook SM, Sproul AB. Maximising the energy output of a PVT air system. Sol Energy 2012;86:1857–71.
Bandam, A.; Panchal, A.K. Self-cleaning and tracking solar photovoltaic panel for improving efficiency. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Advances in Electrical, Electronics, Information, Communication and Bio-Informatics (AEEICB), Chennai, India, 28 February 2016.
Bandura, A. Social cognitive theory: An agentic perspective. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 2001, 52, 1–26.
Bansal, N.; Pany, P.; Singh, G. Visual degradation and performance evaluation of utility scale solar photovoltaic power plant in hot and dry climate in western India. Case Stud. Therm. Eng. 2021, 26, 101010.
Bansal, N.; Jaiswal, S.P.; Singh, G. Comparative investigation of performance evaluation, degradation causes, impact and corrective measures for ground mount and rooftop solar PV plants—A review. Sustain. Energy Technol. Assess. 2021, 47, 101526.
Barron-Gafford, G.A.; Pavao-Zuckerman, M.A.; Minor, R.L.; Sutter, L.F.; Barnett-Moreno, I.; Blackett, D.T.; Thompson, M.; Dimond, K.; Gerlak, A.K.; Nabhan, G.P.; et al. Agrivoltaics provide mutual benefits across the food–energy–water nexus in drylands. Nat. Sustain. 2019, 2, 848–855.
Basbous, N.; Taqi, M.; Janan, M.A. Thermal performances analysis of a parabolic trough solar collector using different nanofluids. In Proceedings of the 2016 International Renewable and Sustainable Energy Conference (IRSEC), Marrakech, Morocco, 14–17 November 2016; pp. 322–326.
Bastidas, J. D. E. Franco, G. Petrone, C. A. Ramos-Paja, and G. Spagnuolo, “A model of photovoltaic fields in mismatching conditions featuring an improved calculation speed,” Electrical Power System Research, vol. 96, pp. 81–90, 2013.
Bazyari, S. A study on the effects of solar tracking systems on the performance of photovoltaic power plants. J. Power Energy Eng. 2014, 2, 718.
Basile, A.; Hilder, M.; Makhlooghiazad, F.; Pozo-Gonzalo, C.; MacFarlane, D.R.; Howlett, P.C.; Forsyth, M. Ionic Liquids and Organic Ionic Plastic Crystals: Advanced Electrolytes for Safer High Performance Sodium Energy Storage Technologies. Adv. Energy Mater. 2018, 8, 1703491.
Beevers, D.; Branchini, L.; Orlandini, V.; De Pascale, A.; Perez-Blanco, H. Pumped hydro storage plants with improved operational flexibility using constant speed Francis runners. Appl. Energy 2015, 137, 629–637.
Behura, A.K.; Gupta, H.K. Efficient Direct Absorption Solar Collector Using Nanomaterial Suspended Heat Transfer Fluid. Mater. Today Proc. 2019, 22, 1664–1668.
Behura, A.K.; Prasad, B.N.; Prasad, L. Heat Transfer, Friction Factor and Thermal Performance of Three Sides Artificially Roughened Solar Air Heaters. Sol. Energy 2016, 130, 46–59.
Belhocine-Nemmar, F.; Belkaid, M.S.; Hatem, D.; Boughias, O. Temperature effect on the organic solar cells parameters. Int. J. Chem. Mol. Eng. 2010, 4, 257–259.
Bellini, E. “Pv magazine,” PV magazine, vol. 2, 2017.
Benato, A.; Stoppato, A.; De Vanna, F.; Schiro, F. Spraying Cooling System for PV Modules: Experimental Measurements for Temperature Trends Assessment and System Design Feasibility. Designs 2021, 5, 25.
Benato, A.; De Vanna, F.; Stoppato, A. Levelling the Photovoltaic Power Profile with the Integrated Energy Storage System. Energies 2022, 15, 9521.
Benda, V.; Cerná, L. PV cells and modules—State of the art, limits and trends. ˇ Heliyon 2020, 6.
Benghanem, M.; Al-Mashraqi, A.A.; Daffallah, K.O. Performance of solar cells using thermoelectric module in hot sites. Renew. Energy 2016, 89, 51–59.
Bentaher, H.; Kaich, H.; Ayadi, N.; Hmouda, M.B.; Maalej, A.; Lemmer, U. A simple tracking system to monitor solar PV panels. Energy Convers. Manag. 2014, 78, 872–875.
Benzaghta, M.A.; Mohammed, T.A.; Ghazali, A.H.; Soom, M.A.M. Testing of evaporation reduction methods in humid climates. Proc. Inst. Civ. Eng.-Water Manag. 2013, 166, 207–216.
Bergene T, Løvvik OM. Model calculations on a flat-plate solar heat collector with integrated solar cells. Sol Energy 1995;55:453–62.
Bergesen, J.D.; Heath, G.A.; Gibon, T.; Suh, S. Thin-film photovoltaic power generation offers decreasing greenhouse gas emissions and increasing environmental co-benefits in the long term. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2014, 48, 9834–9843.
Bernard, A.R.; Eriksen, R.; Horenstein, M.N.; Mazumder, M.K. Dust Settles, We Don’t: The Electrodynamic Screen—A Self-Cleaning Technology for Concentrated Solar Power Mirrors and Photovoltaic Panels; Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK, 2018; Volume 5.
Bernardes, S.; Lameirinhas, R.A.M.; Torres, J.P.N.; Fernandes, C.A.F. Characterization and Design of Photovoltaic Solar Cells That Absorb Ultraviolet, Visible and Infrared Light. Nanomaterials 2021, 11, 78.
Bernardo LR, Perers B, Hakansson H, Karlsson B. Performance evaluation of low con centrating photovoltaic/thermal systems: a case study from Sweden. Sol Energy 2011;85:1499–510.
Bianco V, Scarpa F, Tagliafico LA. Numerical analysis of the Al2O3-water nanofluid forced laminar convection in an asymmetric heated channel for application in flat plate PV/T collector. Renew Energy 2018;116:9–21.
Bijjargi, Y.; Kale, S.; Shaikh, K. Cooling techniques for photovoltaic module for improving its conversion efficiency: A review. Int. J. Mech. Eng. Technol. (IJMET) 2016, 7, 22–38.
Bhattarai S, Oh JH, Euh SH, Kafle GK, Kim DH. Simulation and model validation of sheet and tube type photovoltaic thermal solar system and conventional solar collecting system in transient states. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 2012;103:184–93.
Bland, A.; Khzouz, M.; Statheros, T.; Gkanas, E. PCMs for Residential Building Applications: A Short Review Focused on Disadvantages and Proposals for Future Development. Buildings 2017, 7, 78.
Boccard, N.; Gautier, A. Solar rebound: The unintended consequences of subsidies. Energy Econ. 2021, 100, 105334.
Bonnet, D.; Rabenhorst, H. New results on the development of a thin film p-CdTe–n-CdS heterojunction solar cell. In Proceedings of the 9th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, Silver Spring, MD, USA, 1972; pp. 129–131.
Borowy, B.S., Salameh, Z.M., (1994) Optimum Photovoltaic Array Size for a Hybrid Wind/PV System. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 9, No. 3, September 1994, 0885-8969/94/$04.00 Q 1994 IEEE.
Bosman, L.B.; Leon-Salas, W.D.; Hutzel, W.; Soto, E.A. PV system predictive maintenance: Challenges, current approaches, and opportunities. Energies 2020, 13, 1398.
Bock, J.P.; Robison, J.R.; Sharma, R.; Zhang, J.; Mazumder, M.K. An Efficient Power Management Approach for Self-Cleaning Solar Panels with Integrated Electrodynamic Screens. Proc. ESA Annu. Meet. Electrost. Pap. 2008, 2, 1–6.
Boretti, A.; Castelletto, S. High-temperature molten-salt thermal energy storage and advanced-Ultra-supercritical power cycles. J. Energy Storage 2021, 42, 103143.
Boukelia, T.E.; Mecibah, M.S.; Kumar, B.N.; Reddy, K.S. Investigation of solar parabolic trough power plants with and without integrated TES (thermal energy storage) and FBS (fuel backup system) using thermic oil and solar salt. Energy 2015, 88, 292–303.
Boumaaraf B, Touafek K, Ait-cheikh MS, Slimani MEA. Comparison of electrical and thermal performance evaluation of a classical PV generator and a water glazed hybrid photovoltaic–thermal collector. Math Comput Simulat 2020;167: 176–93.
Boutina L, Khelifa A, Touafek K, Lebbi M, Baissi MT. Improvement of PVT air_cooling by the integration of a chimney tower (CT/PVT). Appl Therm Eng 2018; 129:1181–8.
Božiková, M.; Bilcík, M.; Madola, V.; Szabóová, T.; Kubík, L’.; Lendelová, J.; Cviklovic, V. The Effect of Azimuth and Tilt Angle Changes on the Energy Balance of Photovoltaic System Installed in the Southern Slovakia Region. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 8998.
Brandoni, C,. M. Renzi, “Optimal sizing of hybrid solar micro-CHP systems for the household sector,” Appl. Therm. Eng. 75, 896–907 (2015).
Brennan, M.P.P.; Abramase, A.L.L.; Andrews, R.W.W.; Pearce, J.M.M. Effects of Spectral Albedo on Solar Photovoltaic Devices. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2014, 124, 111–116.
Bridge, G.; Faigen, E. Towards the lithium-ion battery production network: Thinking beyond mineral supply chains. Energy Res. Soc. Sci. 2022, 89, 102659.
Brito, M.C.; Pó, J.M.; Pereira, D.; Simões, F.; Rodriguez, R.; Amador, J.C. Passive solar tracker based in the differential thermal expansion of vertical strips. J. Renew. Sustain. Energy 2019, 11, 043701.
Britt, J.; Ferekides, C.S. Thin-film CdS/CdTe solar cell with 15.8% efficiency. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1993, 62, 2851–2852.
Brodzinski, Z.; Brodzinska, K.; Szadziun, M. Photovoltaic Farms—Economic Efficiency of Investments in North-East Poland. Energies 2021, 14, 2087.
Buker MS, Mempouo B, Riffat SB. Experimental investigation of a building integrated photovoltaic/thermal roof collector combined with a liquid desiccant enhanced indirect evaporative cooling system. Energy Convers Manag 2015;101: 239–54.
Buker MS, Riffat SB. Building integrated solar thermal collectors – a review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2015;51:327–46.
Bullis, K. (2014)."High Efficiency Solar Cells for the Price of Conventional Ones | MIT Technology Review". Technologyreview.com.
Burst, J.M.; Duenow, J.N.; Albin, D.S.; Colegrove, E.; Reese, M.O.; Aguiar, J.A; Jiang, C.-S.; Patel, M.K.; Al-Jassim, M.M.; Kuciauskas, D.; et al. CdTe solar cells with open-circuit voltage breaking the 1 V barrier. Nat. Energy 2016, 1, 16015.
Buonomano A, Calise F, Vicidomini M. Design, simulation and experimental investiga tion of a solar system based on PV panels and PVT collectors. Energies 2016;9:497.
Burnham, L.; Riley, D.; Walker, B.; Pearce, J.M. Performance of Bifacial Photovoltaic Modules on a Dual-Axis Tracker in a High-Latitude, High-Albedo Environment. In Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC), Chicago, IL, USA, 16–21 June 2019; pp. 1320–1327.
Bush, K.A.; Palmstrom, A.F.; Yu, Z.J.; Boccard, M.; Cheacharoen, R.; Mailoa, J.P.; McMeekin, D.P.; Hoye, R.L.; Bailie, C.D.; Leijtens, T.; et al. 23.6%-efficient monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells with improved stability. Nat. Energy 2017, 2, 17009.
Cai, J.; Hu, S.; Que, T.; Li, H.; Xing, H.; Li, H. Influences of social environment and psychological cognition on individuals’ behavioral intentions to reduce disaster risk in geological hazard-prone areas: An application of social cognitive theory. Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct. 2023, 86, 103546.
Cai, F., Chao, W., Long, T.J., Xiong, L.D., Fu, H.S., Gang, X.Z., 2012. The influence of environment temperatures on single crystalline and polycrystalline silicon solar cell performance. Sci. China-Phys. Mech. Astron., 55, pp. 235–241.
Cai, X. Li, A. Maleki, F. Pourfayaz, M. A. Rosen, M. Alhuyi Nazari, and D. T. Bui, “Optimal sizing and location based on economic parameters for an off grid application of a hybrid system with photovoltaic, battery and diesel tech nology,” Energy 201, 117480 (2020).
Cai, Y.; Li, Y.; Wang, R.; Wu, H.; Chen, Z.; Zhang, J.; Ma, Z.; Hao, X.; Zhao, Y.; Zhang, C.; et al. A Well-Mixed Phase Formed by Two Compatible Non-Fullerene Acceptors Enables Ternary Organic Solar Cells with Efficiency over 18.6%. Adv. Mater. 2021, 33, 2101733.
Calise F, d’Accadia MD, Vanoli L. Design and dynamic simulation of a novel solar trigeneration system based on hybrid photovoltaic/thermal collectors (PVT). Energy Convers Manag 2012;60:214–25.
Campana, P.E.; Stridh, B.; Amaducci, S.; Colauzzi, M. Optimisation of Vertically Mounted Agrivoltaic Systems. J. Clean. Prod. 2021, 325, 129091.
Camus, C.; Adegbenro, A.; Ermer, J.; Suryaprakash, V.; Hauch, J.; Brabec, C.J. Influence of pre-existing damages on the degradation behavior of crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules. J. Renew. Sustain. Energy 2019, 10, 021004.
Cano, J.; Tamizhmani, G.; Macia, N.F. Photovoltaic Modules: Effect of Tilt Angle on Soiling; Arizona State University: Tempe, AZ, USA, 2011.
Cao, H.; Zhang, Z.; Zhang, M.; Gu, A.; Yu, H.; Ban, H.; Sun, Q.; Shen, Y.; Zhang, X.L.; Zhu, J.; et al. The effect of defects in tin-based perovskites and their photovoltaic devices. Mater. Today Phys. 2021, 21, 100513.
Cao, J.; Chen, X.; Qiu, R.; Hou, S. Electric vehicle industry sustainable development with a stakeholder engagement system. Technol. Soc. 2021, 67, 101771.
Cao C, Li H, Feng G, Zhang R, Huang K. Research on PV/T—air source heat pump integrated heating system in severe cold region. Proc Eng 2016;146:410–4.
Cao X, Dai X, Liu J. Building energy-consumption status worldwide and the state of-the-art technologies for zero-energy buildings during the past decade. Energy Build 2016;128:198–213.
Cappellen, L.V.; Deckers, M.; Engelen, K.; Yordanov, G.H.; Daenen, M. Simulation-Based Investigation of Wind Turbine Induced Shadow Flicker on IGBT Reliability and Energy Yield in Solar Converters in Hybrid Wind-Solar Systems. IEEE Access 2025, 13, 48746–48757.
Carbajales-Dale, M.; Barnhart, C.J.; Benson, S.M. Can We Afford Storage? A Dynamic Net Energy Analysis of Renewable Electricity Generation Supported by Energy Storage. Energy Environ. Sci. 2014, 7, 1538–1544.
Carlson, D.E.; Lin, G.; Ganguly, G. Temperature dependence of amorphous silicon solar cell PV parameters. In Proceedings of the Conference Record of the 28th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference 2000, Anchorage, AK, USA, 15–22 September 2000; pp. 707–712.
Carpinelli, G., P. Caramia, P. Varilone, Multi-linear Monte Carlo simulation method for probabilistic load flow of distribution systems with wind and PV generation systems, Renewable Energy 76, 283–295 (2015).
Carvalho, D. B., E. C. Guardia, and J. W. Marangon Lima, “Technical-economic analysis of the insertion of PV power into a wind-solar hybrid system,” Sol. Energy 191, 530–539 (2019).
Castro, R.; Silva, M. Experimental and Theoretical Validation of One Diode and Three Parameters—Based PV Models. Energies 2021, 14, 2140.
Castro, R. Data-driven PV modules modelling: Comparison between equivalent electric circuit and artificial intelligence based models. Sustain. Energy Technol. Assess. 2018, 30, 230–238.
Cazzaniga, R.; Rosa-Clot, M.; Rosa-Clot, P.; Tina, G.M. Floating tracking cooling concentrating (FTCC) systems. In Proceedings of the 2012 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, Austin, TX, USA, 3–8 June 2012; pp. 000514–000519.
CBAM Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism. Available online: https://taxation-customs.ec.europa.eu/carbon-border adjustment-mechanism_en (accessed on 17 August 2023).
Cecen, M.; Yavuz, C.; Tirmikci, C.A. Analysis and evaluation of distributed photovoltaic generation in electrical energy production and related regulations of Turkey. Clean Technol. Environ. Policy 2022, 24, 1321–1336.
Celik, I.; Song, Z.; Cimaroli, A.J.; Yan, Y.; Heben, M.J.; Apul, D. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of perovskite PV cells projected from lab to fab. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2016, 156, 157–169.
CENER, (2021). Centro Nacional de Energias Renovables (CENER). Assesment of Performance, Environmental, Health and Safety Aspects of First Solar’s CdTe PV Technology. Available online: https://www.cener.com/en/knowledge-base/technical-publications-2017/ (accessed on 7 November 2021).
Ceron JF, Perez-García J, Solano JP, García A, Herrero-Martín R. A coupled numerical model for tube-on-sheet flat-plate solar liquid collectors. Analysis and validation of the heat transfer mechanisms. Appl Energy 2015;140:275–87.
Cha, M.; Lee, S.; Kang, S. Correlation Analysis of Power Generation Capacity of PV Module according to Fine Dust. In Proceedings of the Summer Conference of the Korean Electrical Society, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 7 June 2019; Volume 7, pp. 1242–1244.
Chaabane M, Charfi W, Mhiri H, Bournot P. Performance evaluation of concentrating solar photovoltaic and photovoltaic/thermal systems. Sol Energy 2013;98:315–21.
Chabane, F.; Moummi, N.; Brima, A. A New Approach to Estimate the Distribution of Solar Radiation Using Linke Turbidity Factor and Tilt Angle. Iran. J. Sci. Technol.-Trans. Mech. Eng. 2020, 45, 523–534.
Chailoet, K.; Pengwang, E. Assembly of Modular Robot for Cleaning Various Length of Solar Panels. IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 2019, 639, 012014.
Chakraborty, S.; Haldkar, A.K.; Kumar, N.M. Analysis of the hail impacts on the performance of commercially available photovoltaic modules of varying front glass thickness. Renew. Energy 2023, 203, 345–356.
Chander, S.; Purohit, A.; Sharma, A.; Nehra, S.P.; Dhaka, M.S. A study on photovoltaic parameters of mono-crystalline silicon solar cell with cell temperature. Energy Rep. 2015, 1, 104–109.
Chandel, S.S.; Agarwal, T. Review of Cooling Techniques Using Phase Change Materials for Enhancing Efficiency of Photovoltaic Power Systems. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2017, 73, 1342–1351.
Chandel, S.S.; Naik, M.N.; Sharma, V.; Chandel, R. Degradation analysis of 28 year field exposed mono-c-Si photovoltaic modules of a direct coupled solar water pumping system in western Himalayan region of India. Renew. Energy 2015, 78, 193–202.
Chander, S., A. Purohit, A. Sharma, S. P. Nehra, and M. S. Dhaka, “A study on photovoltaic parameters of mono crystalline silicon solar cell with cell temperature,” Energy Reports, vol. 1, pp. 104–109, 2015.
Chandrasekar, M.; Senthilkumar, T. Experimental demonstration of enhanced solar energy utilization in flat PV (photovoltaic) modules cooled by heat spreaders in conjunction with cotton wick structures. Energy 2015, 90, 1401–1410.
Chandrasekar, M.; Suresh, S.; Senthilkumar, T.; Ganesh Karthikeyan, M. Passive cooling of standalone flat PV module with cotton wick structures. Energy Convers. Manag. 2013, 71, 43–50.
Chang, N.L.; Ho-Baillie, A.W.Y.; Vak, D.; Gao, M.; Green, M.A.; Egan, R.J. Manufacturing cost and market potential analysis of demonstrated roll-to-roll perovskite photovoltaic cell processes. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2018, 174, 314–324.
Charles Lawrence Kamuyu, W.; Lim, J.; Won, C.; Ahn, H. Prediction Model of Photovoltaic Module Temperature for Power Performance of Floating PVs. Energies 2018, 11, 447.
Chattopadhyay, S.; Dubey, R.; Kuthanazhi, V.; John, J.J.; Solanki, C.S.; Kottantharayil, A.; Arora, B.M.; Narasimhan, K.L.; Kuber, V.; Vasi, J.; et al. Visual degradation in field-aged crystalline silicon PV modules in India and correlation with electrical degradation. IEEE J. Photovolt. 2014, 4, 1470–1476.
Chatzigeorgiou, N.; Afxentis, S.; Panagiotou, K.; Georghiou, G.E. Analysis of ‘Increase Self-Consumption’ Battery Energy Storage System Use—A Residential Case Study in Cyprus. In Proceedings of the 2019 1st International Conference on Energy Transition in the Mediterranean Area (SyNERGY MED), Cagliari, Italy, 28–30 May 2019; pp. 1–6.
Chaube, S.; Pant, S.; Kumar, A.; Uniyal, S.; Singh, M.K.; Kotecha, K.; Kumar, A. An Overview of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis and the Applications of AHP and TOPSIS Methods. Int. J. Math. Eng. Manag. Sci. 2024, 9, 581.
Chaudhary, G., Lamb, J.J., Burheim, O.S., Austbø, B. (2021), “Review of Energy Storage and Energy Management System Control Strategies in Microgrids”. Energies 2021, 14, 4929.
Chaudhary, P.; Rizwan, M. Energy management supporting high penetration of solar photovoltaic generation for smart grid using solar forecasts and pumped hydro storage system. Renew. Energy 2018, 118, 928–946.
Chauhan, A.; Saini, R.P. A review on Integrated Renewable Energy System based power generation for stand-alone applications: Configurations, storage options, sizing methodologies and control. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2014, 38, 99–120.
Chavez-Urbiola EA, Vorobiev YV, Bulat LP. Solar hybrid systems with thermoelectric generators. Sol Energy 2012;86:369–78.
Chegaar, M., Hamzaoui, A., Namoda, A., Petit, P., Aillerie, M., Herguth, A. 2013. Effect of illumination intensity on solar cells parameters. Energy Procedia, 36, pp. 722–729.
Chemisana D, Fernandez EF, Riverola A, Moreno A. Fluid-based spectrally selective filters for direct immersed PVT solar systems in building applications. Renew Energy 2018;123:263–72.
Chen JF, Zhang L, Dai YJ. Performance analysis and multi-objective optimization of a hybrid photovoltaic/thermal collector for domestic hot water application. Energy 2018;143:500–16.
Chen, T.; Sun, H.; Tai, K.F.; Heng, C.K. Analysis of the barriers to implementing building integrated photovoltaics in Singapore using an interpretive structural modelling approach. J. Clean. Prod. 2022, 365, 132652.
Chen H, Zhang L, Jie P, Xiong Y, Xu P, Zhai H. Performance study of heat-pipe solar photovoltaic/thermal heat pump system. Appl Energy 2017;190:960–80.
Chen, S. X., H. B. Gooi, and M. Q. Wang, “Sizing of energy storage for microgrids,” IEEE Trans. Smart Grid 3, 142–151 (2012).
Chen, H.; Xue, K.; Wu, Y.; Xu, G.; Jin, X.; Liu, W. Thermodynamic and economic analyses of a solar-aided biomass-fired combined heat and power system. Energy 2021, 214, 119023.
Chen, H.; Wu, Y.; Duan, J.; Zhan, R.; Wang, W.; Wang, M.-Q.; Chen, Y.; Xu, M.; Bao, S.-J. (001) Facet-Dominated Hierarchically Hollow Na2Ti3O7 as a High-Rate Anode Material for Sodium-Ion Capacitors. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2019, 11, 42197–42205.
Chen, L.; Li, Y. A state-of-art method for solar irradiance forecast via using fisheye lens. Int. J. Low-Carbon Technol. 2020, 16, 555–569.
Chen,Y.; Kirkerud, J.G.; Bolkesjø, T.F. Balancing GHG Mitigation and Land-Use Conflicts: Alternative Northern European Energy System Scenarios. Appl. Energy 2022, 310, 118557.
Chen, Z.; Wang, T. Photovoltaic subsidy withdrawal: An evolutionary game analysis of the impact on Chinese stakeholders’ strategic choices. Sol. Energy 2022, 241, 302–314.
Cherukuri, S. K., P. K. Balachandran, K. R. Kaniganti et al., “Power enhancement in partial shaded photovoltaic system using spiral pattern array configuration scheme,” IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 123103–123116, 2021.
CHINA (2022). China Released its 14th Five-Year Plan for Renewable Energy with Quantitative Targets for 2025. Available online: https:// climatecooperation.cn/climate/china-released-its-14th-five-year-plan-for-renewable-energy-with-quantitative-targets-for-2025/ (accessed on 3 March 2024).
Chimtavee, A., Ketjoy, N., Sriprapha, K., Vaivudh, S. (2011). Evaluation of PV Generator Performance and Energy Supplied Fraction of the 120 kWp PV Microgrid System in Thailand. Energy Procedia 9 (2011) 117–127.
Chirvase, D.; Chiguvare, Z.; Knipper, M.; Parisi, J.; Dyakonov, V.; Hummelen, J.C. Temperature dependent characteristics of poly (3hexylthiophene)-fullerene based heterojunction organic solar cells. J. Appl. Phys. 2003, 93, 3376–3383.
Chock, R.Y.; Clucas, B.; Peterson, E.K.; Blackwell, B.F.; Blumstein, D.T.; Church, K.; Fernández-Juricic, E.; Francescoli, G.; Greggor, A.L.; Kemp, P.; et al. Evaluating potential effects of solar power facilities on wildlife from an animal behavior perspective. Conserv. Sci. Pract. 2021, 3, e319.
Choi, H.-U.; Choi, K.-H. Performance Evaluation of PV/T Air Collector Having a Single-Pass Double-Flow Air Channel and Non-Uniform Cross-Section Transverse Rib. Energies 2020, 13, 2203.
Choi, Y.-K. A Study on Power Generation Analysis of Floating PV System Considering Environmental Impact. Int. J. Softw. Eng. Appl. 2014, 8, 75–84.
Choi, P., Kim, H., Baek, D., Choi, B., 2012. A study on the electrical characteristic analysis of c-Si solar cell diodes. J. Semiconducter Technol. Sci., 12(1), pp. 59–65.
Choo, Y.M.; Wei, W. Salt hydrates as phase change materials for photovoltaics thermal management. Energy Sci. Eng. 2021, 10, 1630–1642.
Chow, T. T. "Performance analysis of photovoltaic-thermal collector by explicit dynamic model." Solar Energy 75, no. 2 (2003): 143-152.
Chow TT, Pei G, Fong KF, Lin Z, Chan ALS, Ji J. Energy and exergy analysis of photovoltaic–thermal collector with and without glass cover. Appl Energy 2009; 86:310–6.
Chowdhury, T.; Chowdhury, H.; Miskat, M.I.; Chowdhury, P.; Sait, S.M.; Thirugnanasambandam, M.; Saidur, R. Developing and evaluating a stand-alone hybrid energy system for Rohingya refugee community in Bangladesh. Energy 2020, 191, 116568.
Chowdhury, M.E.H.; Khandakar, A.; Hossain, B.; Abouhasera, R. A low-cost closed-loop solar tracking system based on the sun position algorithm. J. Sens. 2019, 2019, 3681031.
Chowdhury, M.S.; Rahman, K.S.; Chowdhury, T.; Nuthammachot, N.; Techato, K.; Akhtaruzzaman, M.; Tiong, S.K.; Sopian, K.; Amin, N. An overview of solar photovoltaic panels’ end-of-life material recycling. Energy Strategy Rev. 2020, 27, 100431.
Ciccozzi, A.; de Rubeis, T.; Go, Y.I.; Ambrosini, D. PV System Design in Different Climates: A BIM-Based Methodology. Energies 2025, 18, 3866. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/en18143866.
Ciccozzi, A.; Santavicca, A.; de Rubeis, T.; Ambrosini, A. BIM-BEM interoperability for energy analysis: A comparative study of different strategies. Energy Rep. 2025, 13, 4705–4718.
Clifford, M.J.; Eastwood, D. Design of a novel passive solar tracker. Sol. Energy 2004, 77, 269–280.
Colangelo G, Favale E, Miglietta P, de Risi A. Innovation in flat solar thermal collectors: a review of the last ten years experimental results. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2016;57:1141–59.
Corbin, C.D.; Zhai, Z.J. Experimental and numerical investigation on thermal and electrical performance of a building integrated photovoltaic–thermal collector system. Energy Build. 2010, 42, 76–82.
Cojocaru, L.; Uchida, S.; Sanehira, Y.; Gonzalez-Pedro, V.; Bisquert, J.; Nakazaki, J.; Kubo, T.; Segawa, H. Temperature effects on the photovoltaic performance of planar structure perovskite solar cells. Chem. Lett. 2015, 44, 1557–1559.
Coello, J., Castro, M., Anton, I., Sala, G., Vazquez, M.A., 2004. Conversion of commercial Si solar cells to keep their efficient performance at 15 suns. Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Application, 12(5), pp. 323–331.
Coles, D.; Wray, B.; Stevens, R.; Crawford, S.; Pennock, S.; Miles, J. Impacts of Tidal Stream Power on Energy System Security: An Isle of Wight Case Study. Appl. Energy 2023, 334, 120686.
Collier, J.; Wu, S.; Apul, D. Life cycle environmental impacts from CZTS (copper zinc tin sulfide) and Zn3P2 (zinc phosphide) thin film PV (photovoltaic) cells. Energy 2014, 74, 314–321.
Corona, B.; Ruiz, D.; Miguel, G.S. Life cycle assessment of a HYSOL concentrated solar power plant: Analyzing the effect of geographic location. Energies 2016, 9, 413.
Costa, S.C.; Diniz, A.S.A.; Kazmerski, L.L. Dust and soiling issues and impacts relating to solar energy systems: Literature review update for 2012–2015. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2016, 63, 33–61.
Crisostomo F, Taylor RA, Rosengarten G, Everett V, Hawkes ER. Performance of a linear Fresnel-based concentrating hybrid PV/T collector using selective spectral beam split ting, In: Proceedings of the 52nd Annual Conference, Australia Solar Energy Society (Australian Solar Council); 2014.
Csányi, G.M.; Bal, S.; Tamus, Z.Á. Dielectric measurement based deducted quantities to track repetitive, short-term thermal aging of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) cable insulation. Polymers 2020, 12, 2809.
Cuce, E.; Bali, T.; Sekucoglu, S.A. Effects of passive cooling on performance of silicon photovoltaic cells. Int. J. Low-Carbon Technol. 2011, 6, 299–308.
Cuce, E., Cuce, P.M., Bali, T. 2013. An experimental analysis of illumination intensity and temperature dependency of photovoltaic cell parameters. App. Energy, 111, pp. 374–382.
Cuddihy, E.F. Surface soiling: Theoretical mechanisms and evaluation of low soiling coatings. Research Forum on Quantifying Degradation, 1 June 1983.
Çelik, I.; Song, Z.; Cimaroli, A.J.; Yan, Y.; Heben, M.J.; Apul, D. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of perovskite PV cells projected from lab to fab. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2016, 156, 157–169.
Daghigh R, Khaledian Y. Design and fabrication of a bi-fluid type photovoltaic_thermal collector. Energy 2017;135:112–27.
Daghigh R, Ibrahim A, Jin GL, Ruslan MH, Sopian K. Predicting the performance of amorphous and crystalline silicon based photovoltaic solar thermal collectors. Energy Convers Manage 2011;52:1741–7.
Daniel C. Law, R.R King, H. Yoon, M.J. Archer, A. Boca, C.M. Fetzer, S. Mesropian, T. Isshiki, M. Haddad, K.M., Edmondson, D. Bhusari, J. Yen, R.A. Sherif, H.A. Atwater, N.H. Karam (2010). Future technology pathways of terrestrial III–V multi junction solar cells for concentrator photovoltaic systems. Solar Energy Materials&SolarCells 941314–1318.
Dao C, Kazemtabrizi B, Crabtree C. Wind turbine reliability data review and impacts on levelized cost of energy. Wind Energy. 2019;22(12):1848–71. doi: 10.1002/we.2404.
Das D, Kalita P, Roy O. Flat plate hybrid photovoltaic- thermal (PV/T) system: a review on design and development. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2018;84:111–30.
Das P, Malakar T. A novel trading strategy to assess technoeconomics of wind farms in both energy and reserve markets. e-Prime-Adv Electr Eng Electron Energy. 2024;7:100444. doi: 10.1016/j.prime.2024.100444.
Dash, P. K., N. C. Gupta, “Effect of temperature on power output from different commercially available photovoltaic modules,” International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 148–151, 2015.
da Silva Ravasco, A.; Torres, J.P.N.; Marques Lameirinhas, R.A. Wearable Photovoltaic Applications as Energy Sources for Everyday Devices. Am. J. Eng. Appl. Sci. 2021 14, 337–350.
Dechthummarong, C.; Wiengmoon, B.; Chenvidhya, D.; Jivacate, C.; Kirtikara, K. Physical deterioration of encapsulation and electrical insulation properties of PV modules after long-term operation in Thailand. Solar Energy Mater. Solar Cells 2010, 94, 1437–1440.
Deline, C.A.; Ayala Pelaez, S.; Marion, W.F.; Sekulic, W.R.; Woodhouse, M.A.; Stein, J. Bifacial PV System Performance: Separating Fact from Fiction; National Renewable Energy Lab.(NREL): Golden, CO, USA, 2019.
Delisle V, Kummert M. A novel approach to compare building-integrated photovoltaics/thermal air collectors to side-by-side PV modules and solar thermal collectors. Sol Energy 2014;100:50–65.
Delisle V, Kummert M. Cost-benefit analysis of integrating BIPV-T air systems into energy-efficient homes. Sol Energy 2016;136:385–400.
De Guzman, J.A.; Markevich, V.; Peaker, T.; Hawkins, I.; Halsall, M.; Crowe, I. Defects Reactions Responsible for Boron-Oxygen Degradation in Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaics. In Proceedings of the 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, Online, 7–11 September 2020; pp. 145–151.
Demir A, Dinçer AE, Yılmaz, K. A novel method for the site selection of large-scale PV farms by using AHP and GIS: A case study in ˙ Izmir, Türkiye Solar Energy 259 (2023) 235–245.
De Sá Campos, M.H.; Tiba, C. npTrack: A n-position single axis solar tracker model for optimized energy collection. Energies 2021, 14, 925.
De Vos A., Pauwels H. (1981). "On the Thermodynamic Limit of Photovoltaic Energy Conversion". Appl. Phys. 25 (2): 119–125.
De Vos, A. (1980). "Detailed balance limit of the efficiency of tandem solar cells". Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics. 13 (5): 839–846.
Dharmadasa, I.M.; Alam, A.E. How to Achieve Efficiencies beyond 22.1% for CdTe-Based Thin-Film Solar Cells. Energies 2022, 15, 9510.
Dhass, A.D., Beemkumar, N., Harikrishnan, S., Ali, H.M., A Review on Factors Influencing the Mismatch Losses in Solar Photovoltaic System. International Journal of Photoenergy. Volume 2022, Article ID 2986004, 27 pages. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2986004.
Dhimish, M. (2020). Performance Ratio and Degradation Rate Analysis of 10-Year Field Exposed Residential Photovoltaic Installations in the UK and Ireland. Clean Technol. 2020, 2, 170–183; doi:10.3390/cleantechnol2020012.
Dhimish, M.; Badran, G. (2020). Current limiter circuit to avoid photovoltaic mismatch conditions including hot-spots and shading. Renew. Energy 2020, 145, 2201–2216.
DINSPEC91434:2021-05 (E) (2021); Agri-Photovoltaic Systems—Requirements for Primary Agricultural Use. Available online: https://www.din.de/de/wdc-beuth:din21:337886742 (accessed on 20 December 2023).
Diallo TMO, Yu M, Zhou J, Zhao X, Shittu S, Li G, et al. Energy performance analysis of a novel solar PVT loop heat pipe employing a microchannel heat pipe evaporator and a PCM triple heat exchanger. Energy 2019;167:866–88.
Dida, M.; Boughali, S.; Bechki, D.; Bouguettaia, H. Output power loss of crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules due to dust accumulation in Saharan environment. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2020, 124, 109787.
Dietrich, K.; Latorre, J.M.; Olmos, L.; Ramos, A. Modelling and assessing the impacts of self supply and market-revenue driven Virtual Power Plants. Electr. Power Syst. Res. 2015, 119, 462–470.
Dietrich, U. Zero-Energy Buildings in Cities with Different Climates and Urban Densities: Emergy Demand, Renewable Energy Harvest On-Site and Off-Site and Total Land Use for Different Renewable Technologies. Int. J. Energy Prod. Manag. 2021, 6, 335–346.
Dimroth, F. (2016). "Four-Junction Wafer Bonded Concentrator Solar Cells". IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics. 6: 343–349.
Dinesh, H.; Pearce, J.M. The Potential of Agrivoltaic Systems. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2016, 54, 299–308.
Ding, L.; Zhu, Y.; Zheng, L.; Dai, Q.; Zhang, Z. What is the path of photovoltaic building (BIPV or BAPV) promotion?—The perspective of evolutionary games. Appl. Energy 2023, 340, 121033.
Divényi, D.; Polgári, B.; Sleisz, Á.; S˝orés, P.; Raisz, D. Algorithm design for European electricity market clearing with joint allocation of energy and control reserves. Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. 2019, 111, 269–285.
Djordjevic, S.; Parlevliet, D.; Jennings, P. Detectable faults on recently installed solar modules in Western Australia. Renew. Energy 2014, 67, 215–221.
Do Nascimento, L.R.; Braga, M.; Campos, R.A.; Naspolini, H.F.; Rüther, R. Performance Assessment of Solar Photovoltaic Technologies under Different Climatic Conditions in Brazil. Renew. Energy 2020, 146, 1070–1082.
Donegan, H.A.; Dodd, F.J. A note on saaty’s random indexes. Math. Comput. Model. 1991, 15, 135–137.
Dong, S.; Li, Z.; Rodríguez-Pérez, I.A.; Jiang, H.; Lu, J.; Zhang, X.; Ji, X. A novel coronene//Na2Ti3O7 dual-ion battery. Nano Energy 2017, 40, 233–239.
Donnelly O, Carroll J, Howland M. Analyzing the cost impact of failure rates for the next generation of offshore wind turbines. Wind Energy. 2024;27:695–710. doi: 10.1002/we.290 7.
Doorga, J.R.S.; Hall, J.W.; Eyre, N. Geospatial multi-criteria analysis for identifying optimum wind and solar sites in Africa: Towards effective power sector decarbonization. Renew. Sust. Energy Rev. 2022, 158, 112107.
Dorian, M.E.; Nelson, D.H. Solar Tracking Device. U.S. Patent No.US 4223214, 16 September 1980.
Dorobantu, L.; Popescu, O.M. Increasing the efficiency of photovoltaic panels through cooling water film. UPB Sci. Bull. Ser. C 2013, 75, 223–232.
Drelich, J.; Chibowski, E. Superhydrophilic and Superwetting Surfaces: Definition and Mechanisms of Control. Langmuir 2010, 26, 18621–18623.
Du Y. Advanced thermal management of a solar cell by a nano-coated heat pipe plate: a thermal assessment. Energy Convers Manage 2017;134:70–6.
Duarte, F.; Torres, J.P.N.; Baptista, A.; Marques Lameirinhas, R.A. Optical Nanoantennas for Photovoltaic Applications. Nanomaterials 2021, 11, 422.
Dubey S, Tay AAO. Testing of two different types of photovoltaic–thermal (PVT) modules with heat flow pattern under tropical climatic conditions. Energy Sustain Dev 2013;17:1–12.
Dubey S, Tiwari GN. Thermal modeling of a combined system of photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) solar water heater. Sol Energy 2008;82:602–12.
Dubey, S., Sarvaiya, J.N., Seshadri, B. 2013.Temperature dependent photovoltaic (PV) efficiency and its effect on PV production in the world a review Energy Procedia, 33, pp. 311–321.
Dubey S, Tiwari GN. Thermal modeling of a combined system of photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) solar water heater. Sol Energy 2008;82:602–12.
Dubey, S.; Sarvaiya, J.N.; Seshadri, B. Temperature Dependent Photovoltaic (PV) Efficiency and Its Effect on PV Production in the World—A Review. Energy Procedia 2013, 33, 311–321.
Dubey S, Sandhu GS, Tiwari GN. Analytical expression for electrical efficiency of PV/T hybrid air collector. Appl Energy 2009;86:697–705.
Dubey S, Tay AAO. Testing of two different types of photovoltaic–thermal (PVT) modules with heat flow pattern under tropical climatic conditions. Energy Sustain Dev 2013;17:1–12.
Dullweber, T.; Schmidt, J. Industrial Silicon Solar Cells Applying the Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell (PERC) Concept—A Review. IEEE J. Photovolt. 2016, 6, 1366–1381.
Dupeyrat P, Menezo C, Rommel M, Henning H-M. Efficient single glazed flat plate photovoltaic–thermal hybrid collector for domestic hot water system. Sol Energy 2011;85:1457–68.
Dupeyrat P, Menezo C, Fortuin S. Study of the thermal and electrical performances of PVT solar hot water system. Energy Build 2014;68:751–5.
Dupeyrat P, Menezo C, Rommel M, Henning H-M. Efficient single glazed flat plate photovoltaic–thermal hybrid collector for domestic hot water system. Sol Energy 2011;85:1457–68.
Dupraz, C.; Marrou, H.; Talbot, G.; Dufour, L.; Nogier, A.; Ferard, Y. Combining Solar Photovoltaic Panels and Food Crops for Optimising Land Use: Towards New Agrivoltaic Schemes. Renew. Energy 2011, 36, 2725–2732.
Duranay, Z.B., Güldemir, H. (2025). Examination of the Effect of Shading on a Photovoltaic System Performance. DUJE (Dicle University Journal of Engineering) 16:1 (2025) Page 89-95.
Durkovic, V.; Ðurišic, Ž. Analysis of the Potential for Use of Floating PV Power Plant on the Skadar Lake for Electricity Supply of Aluminium Plant in Montenegro. Energies 2017, 10, 1505.
Dwivedi, P.; Sudhakar, K.; Soni, A.; Solomin, E.; Kirpichnikova, I. Advanced cooling techniques of P.V. modules: A state of art. Case Stud. Therm. Eng. 2020, 21, 100674.
EEA. Water Scarcity Conditions in Europe (Water Exploitation Index Plus) (8th EAP). Available online: https://www.eea.europa. eu/ims/use-of-freshwater-resources-in-europe-1 (accessed on 4 August 2023).
EEA-Europe Drought Impact on Ecosystems in Europe (8th EAP). Available online: https://www.eea.europa.eu/ims/droughtimpact-on-ecosystems-in-europe (accessed on 18 October 2023).
EIA US. International energy outlook 2016. US Energy Information Administration; 2016.
Eivanlopez. Available online: https://savewatercaliforniablog.wordpress.com/2015/11/16/shade-balls-keep-waterconservation-rolling-in-california/ (accessed on 18 October 2023).
Ekinci, F.; Yavuzdeger, A.; Nazlıgül, H.; Esenboga, B.; Mert, B.D.; Demirdelen, T. Experimental investigation on solar PV panel dust cleaning with solution method. Sol. Energy 2022, 237, 1–10.
Ekins-Daukes, N.J.; Guenette, M. Photovoltaic Device Operation at Low Temperature. In Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE 4th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conference, Waikoloa, HI, USA, 7–12 May 2006; Volume 1, pp. 146–149.
Elberry, A.M.; Thakur, J.; Veysey, J. Seasonal hydrogen storage for sustainable renewable energy integration in the electricity sector: A case study of Finland. J. Energy Storage 2021, 44, 103474.
Eldin, S.A.S.; Abd-Elhady, M.S.; Kandil, H.A. Feasibility of solar tracking systems for PV panels in hot and cold regions. Renew. Energy 2016, 85, 228–233.
Elghool A, Basrawi F, Ibrahim TK, Habib K, Ibrahim H, Idris DMND. A review on heat sink for thermo-electric power generation: classifications and parameters affecting performance. Energy Convers Manage 2017;134:260–77.
Elminshawy, N.A.S.; Mohamed, A.M.I.; Morad, K.; Elhenawy, Y.; Alrobaian, A.A. Performance of PV Panel Coupled with Geothermal Air Cooling System Subjected to Hot Climatic. Appl. Therm. Eng. 2019a, 148, 1–9.
Elminshawy, N.A.S.; El Ghandour, M.; Gad, H.M.; El-Damhogi, D.G.; El-Nahhas, K.; Addas, M.F. The Performance of a Buried Heat Exchanger System for PV Panel Cooling under Elevated Air Temperatures. Geothermics 2019b, 82, 7–15.
Elminshawy, N.A.S.; Osama, A.; El-Damhogi, D.G.; Oterkus, E.; Mohamed, A.M.I. Simulation and experimental performance analysis of partially floating PV system in windy conditions. Sol. Energy 2021, 230, 1106–1121.
Elminshawy, N.A.S.; El-Damhogi, D.G.; Ibrahim, I.A.; Elminshawy, A.; Osama, A. Assessment of floating photovoltaic productiv ity with fins-assisted passive cooling. Appl. Energy 2022, 325, 119810.
Elminshawy, N.A.S.; Mohamed, A.M.I.; Osama, A.; Amin, I.; Bassam, A.M.; Oterkus, E. Performance and potential of a novel floating photovoltaic system in Egyptian winter climate on calm water surface. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2022, 47, 12798–12814.
Elminshawy, N.A.S.; Osama, A.; Saif, A.M.; Tina, G.M. Thermo-electrical performance assessment of a partially submerged floating photovoltaic system. Energy 2022, 246, 123444.
Elnozahy, A.; Rahman, A.K.A.; Ali, A.H.H.; Abdel-Salam, M.; Ookawara, S. Performance of a PV Module Integrated with Standalone Building in Hot Arid Areas as Enhanced by Surface Cooling and Cleaning. Energy Build. 2015, 88, 100–109.
Elsafi AM, Gandhidasan P. Comparative study of double-pass flat and compound parabolic concentrated photovoltaic–thermal systems with and without fins. Energy Convers Manage 2015;98:59–68.
Elsanusi, O.S.; Nsofor, E.C. Melting of multiple PCMs with different arrangements inside a heat exchanger for energy storage. Appl. Therm. Eng. 2021, 185, 116046.
Elsayed, A.A.; Khalil, E.E.; Kassem, M.A.; Huzzayin, O.A. A novel mechanical solar tracking mechanism with single axis of tracking for developing countries. Renew. Energy 2021, 170, 1129–1142.
Elsheniti, M.B.; Kotb, A.; Elsamni, O. Thermal performance of a heat-pipe evacuated-tube solar collector at high inlet temperatures. Appl. Therm. Eng. 2019, 154, 315–325.
El-Sawi AM, Wifi AS, Younan MY, Elsayed EA, Basily BB. Application of folded sheet metal in flat bed solar air collectors. Appl Therm Eng 2010;30:864–71.
El-Sebaii, A.A.; Aboul-Enein, S.; Ramadan, M.R.I.; Shalaby, S.M.; Moharram, B.M. Thermal performance investigation of double pass-finned plate solar air heater. Appl. Energy 2011, 88, 1727–1739.
El-Shobokshy, M.S.; Hussein, F.M. Effect of Dust with Different Physical Properties on the Performance of Photovoltaic Cells. Sol. Energy 1993a, 51, 505–511.
El-Shobokshy, M.S.; Hussein, F.M. Degradation of Photovoltaic Cell Performance Due to Dust Deposition on to Its Surface. Renew. Energy 1993b, 3, 585–590.
Emery, K., Osterwald, C., 1987. Measurement of photovoltaic device current as a function of voltage, temperature, intensity and spectrum Sol. Cells, 21, pp. 313–327.
Emziane, M.; Al Ali, M. Performance Assessment of Rooftop PV Systems in Abu Dhabi. Energy Build. 2015, 108, 101–105.
Engana Carmo, J.; Neto Torres, J.P.; Cruz, G.; Marques Lameirinhas, R.A. Effect of the Inclusion of Photovoltaic Solar Panels in the Autonomy of UAV Time of Flight. Energies 2021, 14, 876.
Engelken, M.; Römer, B.; Drescher, M.; Welpe, I. Why homeowners strive for energy self-supply and how policy makers can influence them. Energy Policy 2018, 117, 423–433.
EPDK., 2017. Elektrik Piyasası Düzenleme Kurumu, Strateji Geliştirme Dairesi Başkanlığı, Ankara.
Eperon, G.E.; Horantner, M.T.; Snaith, H.J. Metal halide perovskite tandem and multiple-junction photovoltaics. Nat. Rev. Chem. 2017, 1, 0095.
ERA5 Copernicus Climate Change Service Climate Data Store (CDS). Available online: https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/#! /home (accessed on 4 August 2023).
Eras, J.J.C.; Fandiño, J.M.M.; Gutiérrez, A.S.; Bayona, J.G.R.; German, S.J.S. The inequality of electricity consumption in Colombia. Projections and implications. Energy 2022, 249, 123711.
Erbs, D.G.; Klein, S.A.; Duffie, J.A. Estimation of the Diffuse Radiation Fraction for Hourly, Daily and Monthly-Average Global Radiation. Solar Energy 1982, 28, 293–302.
Erkul, A., 2010. Monokristal, polikristal ve amorf-silisyum güneş panellerinin verimliliğinin incelenmesi ve aydınlatma sistemi uygulaması. Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Elektrik Elektronik Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı, Ankara.
Esen, H., Kapıcıoglu, A., 2015. Farklı yüksekliklere yerleştirilen güneş pillerinin verimlerinin incelenmesi. BEU Journal of Science 4(2), 198-204.
Eskin, N., 2006. Türkiye’de güneş enerjisi araştırma ve geliştirme. Tesisat Müh.Dergisi Sayı: 91, s. 74-82.
Evangelopoulos, V. A., P. S. Georgilakis, “Optimal distributed generation placement under uncertainties based on point estimate method embedded genetic algorithm,” IET Gener., Transm. Distrib. 8, 389–400 (2014).
Evans, J.R. Improving Photosynthesis. Plant Physiol. 2013, 162, 1780–1793.
Evola G, Marletta L. Exergy and thermoeconomic optimization of a water-cooled glazed hybrid photovoltaic/thermal (PVT) collector. Sol Energy 2014;107:12–25.
Eyring, N.; Kittner, N. High-resolution electricity generation model demonstrates suitability of high-altitude floating solar power. iScience 2022, 25, 104394.
Fachrizal, R.; Shepero, M.; Åberg, M.; Munkhammar, J. Optimal PV-EV sizing at solar powered workplace charging stations with smart charging schemes considering self-consumption and self-sufficiency balance. Appl. Energy 2022, 307, 118139.
Fadhil Abdulameer sachit, Mohd Afzanizam Mohd Rosli, Noreffendy Tamaldin, Suhaimi Misha, and Amira Lateef Abdullah. " Modelling , Validation and Analyzing Performance of Serpentine-Direct PV/T Modelling , Validation and Analyzing Performance of Serpentine-Direct PV / T Solar Collector Design. " CFD Letters 11, no. 2 (2019): 50- 65.
Fahad, H.M.; Islam, A.; Islam, M.; Hasan, M.F.; Brishty, W.F.; Rahman, M.M. Comparative analysis of dual and single axis solar tracking system considering cloud cover. In Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Energy and Power Engineering (ICEPE), Dhaka, Bangladesh, 14–16 March 2019.
Faiman, D. Assessing the outdoor operating temperature of photovoltaic modules, Prog. Photo. Res. Appl. 16 (2008) 307–315.
Fan J, Shah LJ, Furbo S. Flow distribution in a solar collector panel with horizontally inclined absorber strips. Sol Energy 2007;81:1501–11.
Fan W, Kokogiannakis G, Ma Z. A multi-objective design optimisation strategy for hybrid photovoltaic thermal collector (PVT)-solar air heater (SAH) systems with fins. Sol Energy 2018;163:315–28.
FAO. Renewable Energy for Agri-Food Systems—Towards the Sustainable Development Goals and the Paris Agreement; IRENA: Masdar City, United Arab Emirates; FAO: Rome, Italy, 2021.
Farshchimonfared M, Bilbao JI, Sproul AB. Channel depth, air mass flow rate and air distribution duct diameter optimization of photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) air collectors linked to residential buildings. Renew Energy 2015;76:27–35.
Fasihi, M.; Weiss, R.; Savolainen, J.; Breyer, C. Global Potential of Green Ammonia Based on Hybrid PV-Wind Power Plants. Appl. Energy 2021, 294, 116170.
Fatima, K.; Minai, A.F.; Malik, H.; Márquez, F.P.G. Experimental analysis of dust composition impact on Photovoltaic panel Performance: A case study. Sol. Energy 2024, 267, 112206.
Fayaz H, Nasrin R, Rahim NA, Hasanuzzaman M. Energy and exergy analysis of the PVT system: effect of nanofluid flow rate. Sol Energy 2018;169:217–30.
Farshchimonfared M, Bilbao JI, Sproul AB. Channel depth, air mass flow rate and air distribution duct diameter optimization of photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) air collectors linked to residential buildings. Renew Energy 2015;76:27–35.
Fathabadi, H. Novel high accurate sensorless dual-axis solar tracking system controlled by maximum power point tracking unit of photovoltaic systems. Appl. Energy 2016, 173, 448–459.
Fathi, M.; Abderrezek, M.; Djahli, F.; Ayad, M. Study of thin film solar cells in high temperature condition. Energy Procedia 2015, 74, 1410–1417.
Fayaz H, Rahim NA, Hasanuzzaman M, Nasrin R, Rivai A. Numerical and experimental investigation of the effect of operating conditions on performance of PVT and PVT-PCM. Renew Energy 2019;143:827–41.
Fayaz H, Rahim NA, Hasanuzzaman M, Rivai A, Nasrin R. Numerical and outdoor real time experimental investigation of performance of PCM based PVT system. Sol Energy 2019;179:135–50.
FEC, Share of Electricity in Total Final Energy Consumption. Available online: https://yearbook.enerdata.net/electricity/share electricity-final-consumption.
Feifel, M.; Lackner, D.; Ohlmann, J.; Benick, J.; Hermle, M.; Dimroth, F. Direct Growth of a GaInP/GaAs/Si Triple-Junction Solar Cell with 22.3% AM1.5 g Efficiency. Sol. RRL 2019, 3, 1900313.
Feldman, D.; Dummit, K.; Zuboy, J.; Heeter, J.; Xu, K.; Margolis, R. Spring 2022 Solar Industry Update; National Renewable Energy Lab: Golden, CO, USA, 2022.
Feldman D, Ramasamy V, Margolis R. US Solar photovoltaic BESS system cost Benchmark Q1 2020 report (No. DE-AC36- 08GO28308). National Renewable Energy Laboratory-Data (NREL-DATA)NREL-DATA. Golden (CO): National Renewable Energy Laboratory; 2021.
Fernández-Ahumada, L.M.; Ramírez-Faz, J.; López-Luque, R.; Varo-Martínez, M.; Moreno-García, I.M.; De La Torre, F.C. Influence of the design variables of photovoltaic plants with two-axis solar tracking on the optimization of the tracking and backtracking trajectory. Sol. Energy 2020, 208, 89–100.
Ferreira Fernandes, C.A.; Torres, J.A.N.; Morgado, M.; Morgado, J.A.P. Aging of solar PV plants and mitigation of their consequences. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference (PEMC), Varna, Bulgaria, 25–28 September 2016; pp. 1240–1247.
Ferretti, N. PV Module Cleaning Market Overview and Basics; PI Photovoltaik-Institut Berlin AG: Berlin, Germany, 2018.
Fesharakı, V.J., Dehghanı, M., Fesharakı, J.J., 2011. The effect of temperature on photovoltaic cell efficiency. In: Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Emerging Trends in Energy Conservation- ETEC, Tehran, Iran, November 20–22.
Feurer, T.; Reinhard, P.; Avancini, E.; Bissig, B.; Lockinger, J.; Fuchs, P.; Carron, R.; Weiss, T.P.; Perrenoud, J.; Stutterheim, S.; et al. Progress in thin film CIGS photovoltaics—Research and development, manufacturing, and applications. Prog. Photovolt. Res. Appl. 2017, 25, 645–667.
Filipe, N.L.; Marques, M.; Villar, J.; Silva, B.; Moreira, J.; Louro, M.; Retorta, F.; Aguiar, J.; Rezende, I.; Simões, T.; et al. Flexibility hub–flexibility provision by decentralised assets connected to the distribution grid. In Proceedings of the CIRED 2020 Berlin Workshop (CIRED 2020), Online, 22–23 September 2020; Volume 2020, pp. 602–605.
Finster, C. El heliostato de la Universidad santa maria. Scientia 1962, 119, 5–20.
Firoozzadeh, M.; Shiravi, A.; Shafiee, M. An Experimental Study on Cooling the Photovoltaic Modules by Fins to Improve Power Generation: Economic Assessment. Iran. J. Energy Environ. 2019, 10, 80–84.
Firozjaei, H.K.; Firozjaei, M.K.; Nematollahi, O.; Kiavarz, M.; Alavipanah, S.K. On the effect of geographical, topographic and climatic conditions on feed-in tariff optimization for solar photovoltaic electricity generation: A case study in Iran. Renew. Energy 2020, 153, 430–439.
Fit55 Commission Welcomes Completion of Key “Fit for 55” Legislation, Putting EU on Track to Exceed 2030 Targets.
Florides, M.; Makrides, G.; Georghiou, G.E. Early Detection of Potential Induced Degradation in the Field: Testing a New Method for Silicon PV Modules. In Proceedings of the 2021 IEEE 48th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC), Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA, 20–25 June 2021; pp. 0950–0953.
Fong KF, Chow TT, Lee CK, Lin Z, Chan LS. Comparative study of different solar cooling systems for buildings in subtropical city. Sol Energy 2010;84:227–44.
Fouad, M.M.; Shihata, L.A.; Morgan, E.I. An Integrated Review of Factors in Fl Uencing the Performance of Photovoltaic Panels. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2017, 80, 1499–1511.
Franklin JC, Chandrasekar M. Performance enhancement of a single pass solar photovoltaic thermal system using staves in the trailing portion of the air channel. Renew Energy 2019;135:248–58.
Frederiks, E.R.; Stenner, K.; Hobman, E.V. The socio-demographic and psychological predictors of residential energy consumption: A comprehensive review. Energies 2015, 8, 573–609.
Frischknecht, R.; Stolz, P.; Krebs, L.; de Wild-Scholten, M.; Sinha, P.; Fthenakis, V.; Kim, H.C.; Raugei, M.; Stucki, M. Life Cycle Inventories and Life Cycle Assessment of Photovoltaic Systems. International Energy Agency (IEA) PVPS Task 12, Report T12-19:2020.
Frischknecht, R. (Ed.) Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Electricity from PV Systems—2021 Data Update. International Energy Agency (IEA) PVPS Task 12.
FS, (2015). First Solar Record 21.5 Percent Conversion Efficiency Research Cell Validates Technology Roadmap.
Fu, Y.; Liu, X.; Yuan, Z. Life-cycle assessment of multi-crystalline photovoltaic (PV) systems in China. J. Clean. Prod. 2015, 86, 180–190.
Fu HD, Pei G, Ji J, Long H, Zhang T, Chow TT. Experimental study of a photovoltaic solar-assisted heat-pump/heat-pipe system. Appl Therm Eng 2012;40:343–50.
Fu, W.; Zhou, Y.; Li, L.; Yang, R. Understanding household electricity-saving behavior: Exploring the effects of perception and cognition factors. Sustain. Prod. Consum. 2021, 28, 116–128.
Fu, Y.; Liu, X.; Yuan, Z. Life-cycle assessment of multi-crystalline photovoltaic (PV) systems in China. J. Clean. Prod. 2015, 86, 180–190.
Fudholi A, Sopian K, Yazdi MH, Ruslan MH, Ibrahim A, Kazem HA. Performance analysis of photovoltaic thermal (PVT) water collectors. Energy Convers Manag 2014;78:641–51.
Fudholi A, Sopian K, Bakhtyar B, Gabbasa M, Othman MY, Ruslan MH. Review of solar drying systems with air based solar collectors in Malaysia. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2015;51:1191–204.
Fudholi A, Sopian K, Yazdi MH, Ruslan MH, Ibrahim A, Kazem HA. Performance analysis of photovoltaic thermal (PVT) water collectors. Energy Convers Manag 2014;78:641–51.
Fudholi A, Zohri M, Rukman NSB, Nazri NS, Mustapha M, Yen CH, Sopian K. Exergy and sustainability index of photovoltaic thermal (PVT) air collector: a theoretical and experimental study. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2019;100:44–51.
Fujisawa T, Tani T. Annual exergy evaluation on photovoltaic–thermal hybrid collector. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 1997;47.
Furbo S, Jivan Shah L. Thermal advantages for solar heating systems with a glass cover with antireflection surfaces. Sol Energy 2003;74:513–23.
Futscher, M.H.; Ehrler, B. Efficiency Limit of Perovskite/Si Tandem Solar Cells. ACS Energy Lett. 2016, 1, 863–868.
Gabe, I.J.; Bühler, A.; Chesini, D.; Frosi, F. Design and implementation of a low-cost dual-axes autonomous solar tracker. In Proceedings of the 2017 IEEE 8th International Symposium on Power Electronics for Distributed Generation Systems (PEDG), Florianópolis, Brazil, 17–20 April 2017.
Gao, Y.; Meng, Y.; Dong, G.; Ma, S.; Miao, C.; Xiao, J.; Mao, S.; Shao, L. The wind-solar hybrid energy could serve as a stable power source at multiple time scale in China mainland. Energy 2024, 305, 132294.
Gaeid, K.S.; Uddin, M.N.; Mohamed, M.K.; Mohmmoud, O.N. Design and implement of dual axis solar tracker system based arduino. Tikrit J. Eng. Sci. 2020, 27, 71–81.
Ganesh, N.J.; Maniprakash, S.; Chandrasekaran, L.; Srinivasan, S.M.; Srinivasa, A.R. Design and Development of a Sun Tracking Mechanism Using the Direct SMA Actuation. J. Mech. Des. 2011, 133, 075001.
Gandia, J.J., Carabe, J., Fabero, F., Jimeneze, R., Rivero, J.M., 2001. A new procedure for the accurate in door measurements of solar cell I–V characteristics. J. Sol. Energy, 21, pp. 243–256.
Gang P, Huide F, Tao Z, Jie J. A numerical and experimental study on a heat pipe PV/T system. Sol Energy 2011;85:911–21.
Gang P, Huide F, Huijuan Z, Jie J. Performance study and parametric analysis of a novel heat pipe PV/T system. Energy 2012;37:384–95.
García, M.; Vera, J.A.; Marroyo, L.; Lorenzo, E.; Pérez, M. Solar-tracking PV plants in Navarra: A 10 MW assessment. Prog. Photovolt. Res. Appl. 2009, 17, 337–346.
García, E.; Ponluisa, N.; Quiles, E.; Zotovic-Stanisic, R.; Gutiérrez, S.C. Solar panels string predictive and parametric fault diagnosis using low-cost sensors. Sensors 2022, 22, 332.
García-Rodríguez, A.; García-Rodríguez, S.; Díez-Mediavilla, M.; Alonso-Tristán, C. Photosynthetic Active Radiation, Solar Irradiance and the CIE Standard Sky Classification. Appl. Sci. 2020, 10, 8007.
Gârdan, I.P.; Micu, A.; Pas,tiu, C.A.; Micu, A.E.; Gârdan, D.A. Consumers’ Attitude towards Renewable Energy in the Context of the Energy Crisis. Energies 2023, 16, 676.
Garcia-Miranda, D.S.; Santamaria, F.; Trujillo, C.L.; Rojas-Cubides, H.E.; Riaño, W.A. Factors Influencing Electricity Consumption in Rural Households. Energies 2024, 17, 1392. https:// doi.org/10.3390/en17061392
Garg HP, Adhikari RS. Conventional hybrid photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) air heating collectors: steady-state simulation. Renew Energy 1997;11:363–85.
Gavaskar, K.; Ragupathy, U.S. New approach for improving the performance of dual axis solar tracker with auto cleaning system. Soft Comput. 2023, 27, 18765–18773.
GE—The Global Economy.Com, Rural Population, Percent—Country Rankings, World Bank. 2021.
Gedik, E., 2016. Experimental investigation of module temperature effect on photovoltaic panels efficiency. Journal of Polytechnic, 2016; 19 (4): 569-576.
Geisz, J.F.; France, R.M.; Schulte, K.L.; Steiner, M.A.; Norman, A.G.; Guthrey, H.L.; Young, M.R.; Song, T.; Moriarty, T. Six-junction III–V solar cells with 47.1% conversion efficiency under 143 Suns concentration. Nat. Energy 2020, 5, 326–335.
Geisz, J.F.; France, R.M.; Schulte, K. L.; Steiner, M.A.; Norman, A.G.; Guthrey, H.L.; Young, M.R.; Song, T.; Moriarty, T. Six-junction III–V solar cells with 47.1% conversion efficiency under 143 Suns concentration. Nat. Energy 2020, 5, 326–335.
Ghadiri M, Sardarabadi M, Pasandideh-fard M, Moghadam AJ. Experimental investigation of a PVT system performance using nano ferrofluids. Energy Convers Manag 2015;103:468–76.
Ghazali, A.M.; Rahman, A.M.A. The performance of three different solar panels for solar electricity applying solar tracking device under the Malaysian climate condition. Energy Environ. Res. 2012, 2, 235.
Ghasempour, R.; Nazari, M.A.; Ebrahimi, M.; Ahmadi, M.H.; Hadiyanto, H. Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) Approach for Selecting Solar Plants Site and Technology: A Review. Int. J. Renew. Energy Dev. 2019, 8, 15–25.
Giadrossich, F.; Niedda, M.; Cohen, D.; Pirastru, M. Evaporation in a Mediterranean environment by energy budget and Penman methods, Lake Baratz, Sardinia, Italy. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. 2015, 19, 2451–2468.
Gielen, D.; Boshell, F.; Saygin, D.; Bazilian, M.D.; Wagner, N.; Gorini, R. The role of renewable energy in the global energy transformation. Energy Strategy Rev. 2019, 24, 38–50.
Gioutsos, D.M.; Blok, K.; van Velzen, L.; Moorman, S. Cost-optimal electricity systems with increasing renewable energy penetration for islands across the globe. Appl. Energy 2018, 226, 437–449.
Guleed, A.; Farid, K. Shading Analysis of Agrivoltaic Systems: The Shading’s Effect on Lettuce and Potato from Elevated Agrivoltaic System in Sweden. Master’s Dissertation, Mälardalens University, Västerås, Sweden, 2023.
Goetzberger, A., Hebling C., Schock H.W., 2003. Photovoltaic materials, history, status and Outlook. Materials Science and Engineering, 40:1-46.
Gochhait, S.; Asodiya, R.; Hasarmani, T.; Patin, V.; Maslova, O. Application of IoT: A Study on Automated Solar Panel Cleaning System. In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Electrical, Control and Instrumentation Engineering (ICECIE), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 26 November 2022.
Goetzberger, A., Shockley, W., 1960. Metal precipitates in silicon p-n junctions. Journal of Applied Physics, 31(10): 1821-1824.
Goetzberger, A.; Hebling, C.; Schock, H.S. Photovoltaic materials, history, status and outlook. Mater. Sci. Eng. Rep. 2003, 40, 1–46.
Good C. Environmental impact assessments of hybrid photovoltaic–thermal (PV/ T) systems–A review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2016;55:234–9.
Gorjian, S.; Bousi, E.; Özdemir, Ö.E.; Trommsdorff, M.; Kumar, N.M.; Anand, A.; Kant, K.; Chopra, S.S. Progress and challenges of crop production and electricity generation in agrivoltaic systems using semi-transparent photovoltaic technology. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2022, 158, 112126.
Gorter, T.; Reinders, A.H.M. A comparison of 15 polymers for application in photovoltaic modules in PV-powered boats. Appl. Energy 2012, 92, 286–297.
Gostein, M.; Marion, B.; Stueve, B. Spectral Effects in Albedo and Rearside Irradiance Measurement for Bifacial Performance Estimation. In Proceedings of the 2020 47th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC), Calgary, AB, Canada, 15 June–21 August 2020; Volume 2020-June, pp. 515–519.
Gözyuman, R., 2016. Niğde bölgesinde tarımsal sulama amaçlı güneş enerjisi potansiyelinin teorik ve deneysel incelenmesi. Niğde Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Makine Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı.
Granovskii, M.; Dincer, I.; Rosen, M.A. Air pollution reduction via use of green energy sources for electricity and hydrogen production. Atmos. Environ. 2007, 41, 1777–1783.
Grätzel, M. Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. J. Photochem. Photobiol. C Photochem. Rev. 2003, 4, 145–153.
Grau, T.; Huo, M.; Neuhoff, K. Survey of photovoltaic industry and policy in Germany and China. Energy Policy 2012, 51, 20–37.
Green, M. A., Emery K., Hıshıkawa Y., Warta W., 2010. Solar cell efficiency tables (version 36). Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, 18:346-352.
Green, M.A. 2009. The path to 25% silicon solar cell efficiency: History of silicon cell evolution. Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, 17: 183-189.
Green, M.A.; Dunlop, E.D.; Hohl-Ebinger, J.; Yoshita, M.; Kopidakis, N.; Hao, X. Solar cell efficiency tables (version 56). Prog. Photovolt. Res. Appl. 2020, 28, 629–638.
Green, M.A.; Emery, K.; Hishikawa, Y.; Warta, W.; Dunlop, E.D. Solar cell efficiency tables (version 48). Prog. Photovolt. Res. Appl. 2016, 24, 905–913.
Green, M. (2003). Third generation photovoltaics: advanced solar energy conversion. Springer. p. 61. ISBN 978-3-540-40137-7.
Green, M.A.; Emery, K.; Hishikawa, Y.; Warta, W.; Dunlop, E.D. (2012). "Solar cell efficiency tables (version 40)". Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications. 20 (5): 606–14.
Green, R.; Staffell, I. The contribution of taxes, subsidies, and regulations to British electricity decarbonization. Joule 2021, 5, 2625–2645.
Green, M.; Emery, K.; Hishikawa, Y.; Warta, W.; Dunlop, E.; Barkhouse, D.; Gunawan, O.; Gokmen, T.; Todorov, T.; Mitzi, D. Solar Cell Efficiency Tables (Version 40). IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst. 2012, 20, 1114–1129.
Grubi, F.; Ni, S.; Coko, D. Experimental Investigation of the Passive Cooled Free-Standing Photovoltaic Panel with Fi Xed Aluminum Fi Ns on the Backside Surface. J. Clean. Prod. 2018, 176, 119–129.
Grubišic-Cabo, F.; Nižeti´c, S.; Kragi´c, I.M.; ˇ Coko, D. Further progress in the research of fin-based passive cooling. ˇ Wiley Int. J. Energy Res. 2019, 43, 3475–3495.
Grubišic-Cabo, F.; Nižeti´c, S.; Kragi´c, I.M.; ˇ Coko, D. Experimental investigation of the passive cooled free-standing. ˇ J. Clean. Prod. 2018, 176, 119–129.
Grzesiak, W., P. Mackow, T. Maj et al., “Innovative system for energy collection and management integrated within a pho tovoltaic module,” Solar Energy, vol. 132, pp. 442–452, 2016.
Guangqian, D., K. Bekhrad, P. Azarikhah, and A. Maleki, “A hybrid algorithm based optimization on modeling of grid independent biodiesel-based hybrid solar/wind systems,” Renewable Energy 122, 551–560 (2018). 40W.
Guarracino I, Mellor A, Ekins-Daukes NJ, Markides CN. Dynamic coupled thermal-and-electrical modelling of sheet-and-tube hybrid photovoltaic/thermal (PVT) collectors. Appl Therm Eng 2016;101:778–95.
Guidi, G.; Violante, A.C.; De Iuliis, S. Environmental Impact of Electricity Generation Technologies: A Comparison between Conventional, Nuclear, and Renewable Technologies. Energies 2023, 16, 7847. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/en16237847
Guo, N.; Hao, J.L.; Zheng, C.M.; Yu, S.W.; Wu, W.W. Applying Social Cognitive Theory to the Determinants of Employees’ Pro-environmental Behaviour Towards Renovation Waste Minimization: In Pursuit of a Circular Economy. Waste Biomass Valorization 2022, 13, 3739–3752.
Gupta, V.; Sharma, M.; Pachauri, R.; Babu, K.N.D. Design and development of self-cleaning PV sliding system. Clean Energy 2022, 6, 392–403.
Gupta, V.; Sharma, M.; Pachauri, R.K.; Dinesh Babu, K.N. Comprehensive Review on Effect of Dust on Solar Photovoltaic System and Mitigation Techniques. Sol. Energy 2019, 191, 596–622.
Gupta, V.; Sharma, M.; Pachauri, R.; Babu, K.D. Impact of hailstorm on the performance of PV module: A review. Energy Sources Part A Recover. Util. Environ. Eff. 2022, 44, 1923–1944.
Gupta, M.N.; Gautam, A.; Yadav, H.K.; Gupta, P.; Sarkar, J.; Sarkar, A. Assessment of wind energy potential and turbine selection for sustainable energy generation in India. Energy Sources Part A Recovery Util. Environ. Eff. 2025, 47, 12090–12111.
Gurevich, Y.G.; Velazquez-Perez, J.E. Peltier Effect in Semiconductors. In Wiley Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronics Engineering; Wiley: Hoboken, NJ, USA, 2014; pp. 1–21.
Gutiérrez, S.; Rodrigo, P.M. Energetic analysis of simplified 2-position and 3-position North-South horizontal single-axis sun tracking concepts. Sol. Energy 2017, 157, 244–250.
Habeeb, L.J.; Mutasher, D.G.; Abd Ali, F.A.M. Cooling photovoltaic thermal solar panel by using heat pipe at baghdad climate. Int. J. Mech. Mechatron. Eng. 2017, 17, 171–185.
Hachicha, A.A.; Ghenai, C.; Hamid, A.K. Enhancing the performance of a photovoltaic module using different cooling methods. Int. J. Energy Power Eng. 2015, 9, 1106–1109.
Hadi, A.; Silva, C.A.S.; Hossain, E.; Challoo, R. Algorithm for Demand Response to Maximize the Penetration of Renewable Energy. IEEE Access 2020, 8, 55279–55288.
Haeberlin, H.; Graf, J.D. Gradual Reduction of PV Generator Yield Due to Pollution. Power 1998, 1200, 1400.
Haegel, N.M.; Kurtz, S.R. Global Progress Toward Renewable Electricity: Tracking the Role of Solar (Version 3). IEEE J. Photovolt. 2023, 13, 768–776.
Haidar, Z.A.; Orfi, J.; Kaneesamkandi, Z. Experimental investigation of evaporative cooling for enhancing photovoltaic panelse fficiency. Results Phys. 2018, 11, 690–697.
Hallam, B.; Sugianto, A.; Mai, L.; Xu, G.; Chan, C.; Abbott, M.; Wenham, S.; Uruena, A.; Cornagliotti, E.; Aleman, M. Hydrogen Passivation of Laser-Induced Defects for Laser-Doped Silicon Solar Cells. IEEE J. Photovolt. 2014, 4, 1413–1420.
Halwachs, M.; Neumaier, L.; Vollert, N.; Maul, L.; Dimitriadis, S.; Voronko, Y.; Eder, G.C.; Omazic, A.; Mühleisen, W.; Hirschl, C.; et al. Statistical evaluation of PV system performance and failure data among different climate zones. Renew. Energy 2019, 139, 1040–1060.
Hamad, B.A.; Ibraheem, A.M.T.; Abdullah, A.G. Design and Practical Implementation of Dual-Axis Solar Tracking System with Smart Monitoring System. Prz. Elektrotechniczny 2020, 1, 153–157.
Hammoumi, A.E.; Motahhir, S.; Ghzizal, A.E.; Chalh, A.; Derouich, A. A simple and low-cost active dual-axis solar tracker. Energy Sci. Eng. 2018, 6, 607–620.
Han, X.; Wang, Y.; Zhu, L. Electrical and Thermal Performance of Silicon Concentrator Solar Cells Immersed in Dielectric Liquids. Appl. Energy 2011, 88, 4481–4489.
Han, X.; Xu, C.; Ju, X.; Du, X.; Yang, Y. Energy analysis of a hybrid solar concentrating photovoltaic/concentrating solar power (CPV/CSP) system. Sci. Bull. 2015, 60, 460–469.
Haque, A.; Nguyen, P.; Bliek, F.; Slootweg, J. Demand response for real-time congestion management incorporating dynamic thermal overloading cost. Sustain. Energy Grids Netw. 2017, 10, 65–74.
Harris, J.M.; Roach, B. Environmental and Natural Resource Economics: A Contemporary Approach; Routledge: England, UK, 2017; ISBN 1317216210.
Hartzell, S.; Bartlett, M.S.; Porporato, A. Unified Representation of the C3, C4, and CAM Photosynthetic Pathways with the Photo3 Model. Ecol. Modell. 2018, 384, 173–187.
Hasan HA, Sopian K, Jaaz AH, Al-Shamani AN. Experimental investigation of jet array nanofluids impingement in photovoltaic/thermal collector. Sol Energy 2017;144:321–34.
Hasan, A.; McCormack, S.; Huang, M.; Norton, B. Characterization of phase change materials for thermal control of photovoltaics using Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Temperature History Method. Energy Convers. Manag. 2014, 81, 322–329.
Hasan, A.; McCormack, S.; Huang, M.; Norton, B. Energy and Cost Saving of a Photovoltaic-Phase Change Materials (PV-PCM) System through Temperature Regulation and Performance Enhancement of Photovoltaics. Energies 2014, 7, 1318–1331.
Hasan, M.M.; Hossain, S.; Mofijur, M.; Kabir, Z.; Badruddin, I.A.; Yunus Khan, T.M.; Jassim, E. Harnessing Solar Power: A Review of Photovoltaic Innovations, Solar Thermal Systems, and the Dawn of Energy Storage Solutions. Energies 2023, 16, 6456. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/en16186456.
Hasan, A.; Sarwar, J.; Alnoman, H.; Abdelbaqi, S. Yearly Energy Performance of a Photovoltaic-Phase Change Material (PV-PCM) System in Hot Climate. Sol. Energy 2017, 146, 417–429.
Hassan, I.; Alhamrouni, I.; Azhan, N.H. A CRITIC–TOPSIS Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach for Optimum Site Selection for Solar PV Farm. Energies 2023, 16, 4245.
Hasheem, M.J.; Wang, S.; Ye, N.; Farooq, M.Z.; Shahid, H.M. Factors influencing purchase intention of solar photovoltaic technology: An extended perspective of technology readiness index and theory of planned behaviour. Clean. Responsible Consum. 2022, 7, 100079.
Hassan, G.; Nils, R.H.; Koen, S. The Contribution of Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) to the Concept of Nearly Zero Energy Cities in Europe: Potential and Challenges Ahead. Energies 2021, 14, 6015.
Hassan, A.; Wahab, A.; Qasim, M.A.; Janjua, M.M.; Ali, M.A.; Ali, H.M.; Jadoon, T.R.; Ali, E.; Raza, A.; Javaid, N. Thermal management and uniform temperature regulation of photovoltaic modules using hybrid phase change materials-nanofluids system. Renew. Energy 2020, 145, 282–293.
Hassan, M.U.; Nawaz, M.I.; Iqbal, J. Towards Autonomous Cleaning of Photovoltaic Modules: Design and Realization of a Robotic Cleaner. In Proceedings of the 2017 First International Conference on Latest trends in Electrical Engineering and Computing Technologies (INTELLECT), Karachi, Pakistan, 15–16 November 2017; pp. 1–6.
Hassan, Q.; Abbas, M.K.; Tabar, V.S.; Tohidi, S.; Sameen, A.Z.; Salman, H.M. Techno-economic assessment of battery storage with photovoltaics for maximum self-consumption. Energy Harvest. Syst. 2023.
Hassan, S.; Dhimish, M. A Survey of CNN-Based Approaches for Crack Detection in Solar PV Modules: Current Trends and Future Directions. Solar 2023, 3, 663–683.
Hassani S, Saidur R, Mekhilef S, Taylor RA. Environmental and exergy benefit of nanofluid-based hybrid PV/T systems. Energy Convers Manage 2016;123:431–44.
Hassanpour A., E.; Selker, J.S.; Higgins, C.W. Remarkable Agrivoltaic Influence on Soil Moisture, Micrometeorology and Water-Use Efficiency. PLoS ONE 2018, 13, e0203256
Hayibo, K.S.; Mayville, P.; Pearce, J.M. The greenest solar power? Life cycle assessment of foam-based flexible floatovoltaics. Sustain. Energy Fuels 2022, 6, 1398–1413.
He, W.; Hong, X.; Zhao, X.; Zhang, X.; Shen, J.; Ji, J. Operational performance of a novel heat pump assisted solar façade loop-heat-pipe water heating system. Appl. Energy 2015, 146, 371–382.
He W, Chow TT, Ji J, Lu J, Pei G, Chan LS. Hybrid photovoltaic and thermal solar_collector designed for natural circulation of water. Appl Energy 2006;83: 199–210.
He, G.; Zhou, C.; Li, Z. Review of Self-Cleaning Method for Solar Cell Array. Procedia Eng. 2011, 16, 640–645.
He W, Zhang Y, Ji J. Comparative experiment study on photovoltaic and thermal solar system under natural circulation of water. Appl Therm Eng 2011;31: 3369–76.
Heavner, B.; Del Chiaro, B. Renewable Energy and Jobs: Employment Impacts of Developing Markets for Renewables in California; Environment California Research and Policy Center: Sacramento, CA, USA, 2003.
Hegazy AA. Comparative study of the performances of four photovoltaic_thermal solar air collectors. Energy Convers Manag 2000;41:861–81.
Heidari, N.; Gwamuri, J.; Townsend, T.; Pearce, J.M. Impact of snow and ground interference on photovoltaic electric system performance. IEEE J. Photovolt. 2015, 5, 1680–1685.
Heidarpanah, M.; Hooshyaripor, F.; Fazeli, M. Daily electricity price forecasting using artificial intelligence models in the Iranian electricity market. Energy 2023, 263, 126011.
Hemanth Babu, N., S. Shivashimpiger, N. Samanvita, and V. M. Parthasarathy, “Performance ratio and loss analysis for 20MWgridconnectedsolar PVsystem-case study,” Inter national Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, vol. 8, no. 2S2, 2019.
Henry, C. H. (1980). "Limiting efficiencies of ideal single and multiple energy gap terrestrial solar cells". Journal of Applied Physics. 51 (8): 4494.
Hernández Rodríguez, M.; Baca Ruiz, L.G.; Criado Ramón, D.; Pegalajar Jiménez, M.d.C. Artificial Intelligence-Based Prediction of Spanish Energy Pricing and Its Impact on Electric Consumption. Mach. Learn. Knowl. Extr. 2023, 5, 431–447.
Hernandez-Perez, J.; Carrillo, J.; Bassam, A.; Flota-Banuelos, M. A new passive PV heatsink design to reduce efficiency losses: A computational and experimental evaluation. Renew. Energy 2020, 147, 1209–1220.
Hertwich, E.G.; Gibon, T.; Bouman, E.A.; Arvesen, A.; Suh, S.; Heath, G.A.; Bergesen, J.D.; Ramirez, A.; Vega, M.I.; Shi, L. Integrated life-cycle assessment of electricity-supply scenarios confirms global environmental benefit of low-carbon technologies. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2015, 112, 6277–6282.
Hjerrild NE, Mesgari S, Crisostomob F, Scott JA, Amal R, Taylor RA. Hybrid PV/T enhancement using selectively absorbing Ag–SiO2/carbon nanofluids. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 2016;147:281–7.
Hiroshi, M. Radiation Energy Transducing Device. U.S. Patent US3278811A, 3 October 1961.
Ho CJ, Chou WL, Lai CM. Thermal and electrical performances of a water-surface floating PV integrated with double water-saturated MEPCM layers. Appl Therm Eng 2016;94:122–32.
Ho, C.J.; Chou, W.L.; Lai, C.M. Thermal and Electrical Performance of a Water-Surface Floating PV Integrated with a Water Saturated MEPCM Layer. Energy Convers. Manag. 2015, 89, 862–872.
Ho-Tran, L.; Fiedler, S. More Summertime Low-Power Production Extremes in Germany with a Larger Solar Power Share. Solar Energy 2024, 283, 112979.
Hoffmann, F.M.; Molz, R.F.; Kothe, J.V.; Nara, E.O.B.; Tedesco, L.P.C. Monthly profile analysis based on a two-axis solar tracker proposal for photovoltaic panels. Renew. Energy 2018, 115, 750–759.
Høiaas, I.; Grujic, K.; Imenes, A.G.; Burud, I.; Olsen, E.; Belbachir, N. Inspection and condition monitoring of large-scale photovoltaic power plants: A review of imaging technologies. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2022, 161, 112353.
Hong, S.; Lee, H.; Yu, Y.-S.; Park, J.; Kim, C. Development of a Rock-Salt Structure for High Energy Density Lithium-Ion Batteries. Electron. Mater. Lett. 2023, 19, 359–366.
Horenstein, M.N.; Mazumder, M.K.; Sumner, R.C.; Stark, J.; Abuhamed, T.; Boxman, R. Modeling of Trajectories in an Electrody namic Screen for Obtaining Maximum Particle Removal Efficiency. IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. 2013, 49, 707–713.
Hosseini, R.; Hosseini, N.; Khorasanizadeh, H. An Experimental Study of Combining a Photovoltaic System with a Heating System. In Proceedings of the World Renewable Energy Congress, Sweden, Linköping, Sweden, 8–13 May 2011; pp. 2993–3000.
Hou, G.; Sun, H.; Jiang, Z.; Pan, Z.; Wang, Y.; Zhang, X.; Zhao, Y.; Yao, Q. Life cycle assessment of grid-connected photovoltaic power generation from crystalline silicon solar modules in China. Appl. Energy 2016, 164, 882–890.
Hou L, Quan Z, Zhao Y, Wang L, Wang G. An experimental and simulative study on a novel photovoltaic-thermal collector with micro heat pipe array (MHPA-PV/T). Energy Build 2016;124:60–9.
Hou, X.; Wild, M.; Folini, D.; Kazadzis, S.; Wohland, J. Climate Change Impacts on Solar Power Generation and Its Spatial Variability in Europe Based on CMIP6. Earth Syst. Dyn. 2021, 12, 1099–1113.
Hseih, H.-H. F.-M. Lin, and Y. Shan-Pu, “Performance of low series-resistance interconnections on the polycrystalline solar cells,” Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, vol. 95, no. 1, pp. 39–44, 2011.
Hu M, Zheng R, Pei G, Wang Y, Li J, Ji J. Experimental study of the effect of inclination angle on the thermal performance of heat pipe photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) systems with wickless heat pipe and wire-meshed heat pipe. Appl Therm Eng 2016;106:651–60.
Huang, J.; Wang, T.; Wang, W.; Li, Z.; Yan, H. Climate effects of dust aerosols over East Asian arid and semiarid regions. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. 2014, 119, 11398–11416.
Huang, B.; Huang, J.; Xing, K.; Liao, L.; Xie, P.; Xiao, M.; Zhao, W. Development of a Solar-Tracking System for Horizontal Single-Axis PV Arrays Using Spatial Projection Analysis. Energies 2023, 16, 4008.
Huang, G., Wang K., . Markides, C.N. (2021).Efficiency limits of concentrating spectral-splitting hybrid photovoltaic-thermal (PV-T) solar collectors and systems. Light: Science and Applications volume 10, Article number: 28
Huang, C.; Wang, L. Simulation study on the degradation process of photovoltaic modules. Energy Convers. Manag. 2018, 165, 236–243.
Huang, C.; Wang, L. Simulation study on the degradation process of photovoltaic modules. Energy Convers. Manag. 2018, 165, 236–243.
Hubner, A.; Aberle, A.; Hezel, R. Temperature Behavior of Monofacial and Bifacial Silicon Solar Cells. In Proceedings of the Conference Record of the Twenty Sixth IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, Anaheim, CA, USA, 29 September–3 October 1997; pp. 223–226.
Huda A, Kurniawan I, Purba KF, Ichwani R, Fionasari R. Techno-economic assessment of residential and farm-based photovoltaic systems. Renew Energy. 2024;222:119886. doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2023.119886.
Hung, D. Q., N. Mithulananthan, and K. Y. Lee, “Determining PV penetration for distribution systems with time-varying load models,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst. 29, 3048–3057 (2014).
Hunt, L.; Fuksa, M.; Klem, K.; Lhotáková, Z.; Oravec, M.; Urban, O.; Albrechtová, J. Barley Genotypes Vary in Stomatal Responsiveness to Light and CO2 Conditions. Plants 2021, 10, 2533.
Hussain F, Othman MYH, Yatim B, Ruslan H, Sopian K, Anuar Z, et al. An improved design of photovoltaic/thermal solar collector. Sol Energy 2015;122: 885–91.
Ibrahim, H., Ilinca, A. (2013), “Techno-economic Analysis of Different Energy Storage Technologies”. In Energy Storage-Technologies and Applications; IntechOpen: London, UK.
Ibrahim, Adnan, Mohd Yusof Othman, Mohd Hafidz Ruslan, M. Alghoul, M. Yahya, Azami Zaharim, and Kamaruzzaman Sopian. "Performance of photovoltaic thermal collector (PVT) with different absorbers design." WSEAS Transactions on Environment and Development 5, no. 3 (2009): 321-330.
Ibrahim A, Fudholi A, Sopian K, Othman MY, Ruslan MH. Efficiencies and improvement potential of building integrated photovoltaic thermal (BIPVT) system. Energy Convers Manag 2014;77:527–34.
Ibrahim A, Jin GL, Daghigh R, Salleh MHM, Othman MY, Ruslan MH, Mat S, Sopian K. Hybrid photovoltaic thermal (PVT) air and water based solar collectors suitable for building integrated applications. Am J Environ Sci 2009;5:618–24.
Isabela, C.B.; Marques Lameirinhas, R.A.; Torres, J.P.N.; Ferreira Fernandes, C.A. Comparative study of the copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) solar cell with other solar technologies. Sustain. Energy Fuels 2021, 5, 2273–2283.
Islam MM, Pandey AK, Hasanuzzaman M, Rahim NA. Recent progresses and achievements in photovoltaic-phase change material technology: a review with special treatment on photovoltaic thermal-phase change material systems. Energy Convers Manage 2016;126:177–204.
Islam, M.R.; Akter, H.; Howlader, H.O.R.; Senjyu, T. Optimal Sizing and Techno-Economic Analysis of Grid-Independent Hybrid Energy System for Sustained Rural Electrification in Developing Countries: A Case Study in Bangladesh. Energies 2022, 15, 6381.
IEA. Renewable Energy and Jobs–Annual Review; IEA: Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirate, 2020; ISBN 978-92-9260-266-6.
IEA, (2019). “Renewables 2019”. https://www.iea.org/reports/renewables-2019 IEA, 2020. “Renewables 2020”. https://www.iea.org/reports/renewables-2020.
IEA, (2022). International Energy Agency. World—World Energy Balances: Overview—Analysis—IEA.
IEA. Renewables. 2022. Available online: https://www.iea.org/reports/renewable-electricity (accessed on 27 June 2023).
IEA. World Energy Outlook; IEA: Paris, France, 2023.
IEA. (2023). Net Zero Roadmap: A Global Pathway to Keep the 1.5 ◦C Goal in Reach, IEA, Paris.
IEA. World Energy Balances: Overview. Available online: https://www.iea.org/reports/world-energy-balances-overview/ world (accessed on 2 October 2023).
IEA. CO2 Emissions in 2022. Available online: https://www.iea.org/reports/co2-emissions-in-2022 (accessed on 15 October 2023).
IEA. For the First Time in Decades, the Number of People without Access to Electricity is Set to Increase in 2022. 2022. Available online: https://www.iea.org/commentaries/for-the-first-time-in-decades-the-number-of-people-without-access-to-electricityis-set-to-increase-in-2022 (accessed on 18 October 2023).
IEA (2022). International Energy Agency. World—World Energy Balances: Overview—Analysis—IEA. Available online: https: //www.iea.org/reports/world-energy-balances-overview/world (accessed on 26 May 2022).
IEA (2000). International Energy Agency, Analysis of Photovoltaic Systems. Report IEA-PVPS T2-01, 2000.
IEEE. (2018), https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8332112.
IFC. International Finance Corporation. Utility-Scale Solar Photovoltaic Power Plants; IFC: Washington, DC, USA, 2015.
Ihlemann, M.; van Stiphout, A.; Poncelet, K.; Delarue, E. Benefits of regional coordination of balancing capacity markets in future European electricity markets. Appl. Energy 2022, 314, 118874.
Imran, H.; Riaz, M.H. Investigating the Potential of East/West Vertical Bifacial Photovoltaic Farm for Agrivoltaic Systems. J. Renew. Sustain. Energy 2021, 13, 033502.
Imran, H.; Riaz, M.H.; Butt, N.Z. Optimization of Single-Axis Tracking of Photovoltaic Modules for Agrivoltaic Systems. In Proceedings of the 2020 47th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC), Calgary, AB, Canada, 15 June–21 August 2020; Volume 2020-June, pp. 1353–1356.
Infield, D.; Freris, L. Renewable Energy in Power Systems; John Wiley and Sons: Hoboken, NJ, USA, 2020; ISBN 1118649931.
Iftikhar, H.; Sarquis, E.; Branco, P.C. Why can simple operation and maintenance (O&M) practices in large-scale grid-connected PV power plants play a key role in improving its energy output? Energies 2021, 14, 3798.
Iqbal, N.; Colvin, D.J.; Curran, A.J.; Li, F.; Ganesan, J.P.; Sulas-Kern, D.B.; Harvey, S.P.; Norman, A.; Karas, J.; TamizhMani, G.; et al. Multiscale Characterization of Photovoltaic Modules—Case Studies of Contact and Interconnect Degradation. IEEE J. Photovolt. 2021, 12, 62–72.
IEA (2025). Emissions Grew in 2023, But Clean Energy Is Limiting the Growth. Available online: https://www.iea.org/reports/co2-emissions-in-2023/emissions-grew-in-2023-but-clean-energy-is-limiting-the-growth (accessed on 10 December 2024).
IRENA. “Renewable capacity statistics 2021,” Technical Report (IRENA, Abu Dhabi, 2021).
IRENA. Electricity Storage and Renewables: Costs and Markets to 2030, Report. Int. Renew. Energy Agency Abu Dhabi 2017, 164, 1–132.
IRENA. Renewable Energy and Jobs-Annual Review 2018; International Renewable Energy Agency: Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 2018; pp. 1–28.
IRENA. Off-Grid Renewable Energy Solutions to Expand Electricity Access: An Opportunity Not to Be Missed; International Renewable Energy Agency: Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 2019; p. 144.
IRENA. Future of Solar Photovoltaic: Deployment, Investment, Technology, Grid Integration and Socio-Economic Aspects (A Global Energy Transformation: Paper); Abu Dhabi. 2019. ISBN 9789292601553. Available online: www.irena.org/publications (accessed on 1 June 2021).
IRENA, (2017), “Adapting market design to high shares of variable renewable energy”. https://www.irena.org/publications.
IRENA, (2019a), “Renewable Power Generation Costs in 2019”. https://www.irena.org/ publications.
IRENA, (2019b), “Future of Solar PV”. https://www.irena.org/publications.
IRENA, (2019c), “Future role of Distribution System Operators, Innovation landscape brief” https://www.irena.org/publications.
Irfan, M.; Elavarasan, R.M.; Hao, Y.; Feng, M.; Sailan, D. An assessment of consumers’ willingness to utilize solar energy in China: End-users’ perspective. J. Clean. Prod. 2021, 292, 126008.
Irfan, M.; Elavarasan, R.M.; Hao, Y.; Feng, M.; Sailan, D. An assessment of consumers’ willingness to utilize solar energy in China: End-users’ perspective. J. Clean. Prod. 2021, 292, 126008.
Ishii, T.; Choi, S.; Sato, R.; Chiba, Y.; Masuda, A. Annual Degradation Rates of Recent c-Si PV Modules under Subtropical Coastal Climate Conditions. In Proceedings of the 7th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion (WCPEC) (A Joint Conference of 45th IEEE PVSC, 28th PVSEC 34th EU PVSEC, Waikoloa Village, HI, USA, 10–15 June 2018; pp. 705–708.
Ishikawa, S.N. World First Large Scale 1.25 MW Bifacial PV Power Plant on Snowy Area in Japan. In Proceedings of the 3rd bifi PV Workshop, Miyazaki, Japan, 29–30 September 2016.
Islam, M.; Hasanuzzaman, M.; Rahim, N.A. A comparative investigation on in-situ and laboratory standard test of the potential induced degradation of crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules. Renew. Energy 2018, 127, 102–113.
Jackson N, Gunda T, Gayoso N, Desai J, Walker A. Operations, maintenance, and cost considerations for PV+ storage in the United States (No. SAND2022-16312). Albuquerque (NM): Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM); 2022.
Jackson N, Gunda T, Gayoso N, Desai J, Walker A. Operations, maintenance, and cost considerations for PV+ storage in the United States (No. SAND2022-16312). Albuquerque (NM): Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM); 2022.
Jacobs, K.L.; Buizer, J.L.; Moser, S.C. The third US national climate assessment: Innovations in science and engagement. Clim. Chang. 2016, 135, 1–7.
Jadli, U.; Uniyal, S.; Uniyal, I. Design of a Single-Axis Solar Tracker Using LDRs. In Intelligent Communication, Control and Devices: Proceedings of ICICCD 2017; Springer: Singapore, 2018.
Jäger-Waldau, A. Snapshot of Photovoltaics—February 2020. Energies 2020, 13, 930.
Jäger-Waldau, A. The untapped area potential for photovoltaic power in the European Union. Clean Technol. 2020, 2, 440–446.
Jallal, M.A.; Chabaa, S.; Zeroual, A. A novel deep neural network based on randomly occurring distributed delayed PSO algorithm for monitoring the energy produced by four dual-axis solar trackers. Renew. Energy 2020, 149, 1182–1196.
Jamroen, C.; Komkum, P.; Kohsri, S.; Himananto, W.; Panupintu, S.; Unkat, S. A low-cost dual-axis solar tracking system based on digital logic design: Design and implementation. Sustain. Energy Technol. Assess. 2020, 37, 100618.
Jamroen, C.; Fongkerd, C.; Krongpha, W.; Komkum, P.; Pirayawaraporn, A.; Chindakham, N. A novel UV sensor-based dual-axis solar tracking system: Implementation and performance analysis. Appl. Energy 2021, 299, 117295.
Jani, H.K.; Kachhwaha, S.S.; Nagababu, G.; Das, A. Hybrid wind–solar energy and resource simultaneity: An Indian case study for site selection and feasibility check. Energy Rep. 2022, 8, 593–598.
Jaradat, M.A.; Tauseef, M.; Altaf, Y.; Saab, R.; Adel, H.; Yousuf, N.; Zurigat, Y.H. A Fully Portable Robot System for Cleaning Solar Panels. In Proceedings of the 2015 10th International Symposium on Mechatronics and its Applications (ISMA), Sharjah, United Arab Emirates, 8–10 December 2015.
Jarimi H, Bakar MNA, Othman M, Din M. Bi-fluid Photovoltaic_Thermal PV_T solar collector with three modes of operation_ experimental validation of a theoretical model. Mediterr Green Build Renew Energy 2017:445–64.
Jarimi H, Bakar MNA, Othman M, Din M. Performance analysis and parametric studies of a Bi-fluid type Photovoltaic-Thermal (PV-T) solar collector in simultaneous mode under tropical climate conditions. Mediterr Green Build Renew Energy 2017:429–44.
Jarimi H, Bakar MNA, Othman M, Din MH. Bi-fluid photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) solar collector: experimental validation of a 2-D theoretical model. Renew Energy 2016;85:1052–67.
Jaszczur, M.; Koshti, A.; Nawrot, W.; S˛edor, P. An investigation of the dust accumulation on photovoltaic panels. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 2020, 27, 2001–2014.
Jaszczur, M.; Hassan, Q. An optimisation and sizing of photovoltaic system with supercapacitor for improving self-consumption. Appl. Energy 2020, 279, 115776.
Jayathissa, P.; Luzzatto, M.; Schmidli, J.; Hofer, J.; Nagy, Z.; Schlueter, A. Optimising building net energy demand with dynamic BIPV shading. Appl. Energy 2017, 202, 726–735.
Ji J, Lu JP, Chow TT, He W, Pei G. A sensitivity study of a hybrid photovoltaic/ thermal water-heating system with natural circulation. Appl Energy 2007;84: 222–37.
Ji J, Guo C, Sun W, He W, Wang Y, Li G. Experimental investigation of tri-functional photovoltaic/thermal solar collector. Energy Convers Manage 2014;88:650–6.
Ji J, Pei G, Chow TT, Liu K, He H, Lu J, et al. Experimental study of photovoltaic solar assisted heat pump system. Sol Energy 2008;82:43–52.
Jia, H.; Zheng, J.; Song, J.; Luo, L.; Yi, R.; Estevez, L.; Zhao, W.; Patel, R.; Li, X.; Zhang, J.-G. A novel approach to synthesize micrometer-sized porous silicon as a high performance anode for lithium-ion batteries. Nano Energy 2018, 50, 589–597.
Jiang, Y.; Lu, L.; Ferro, A.R.; Ahmadi, G. Analyzing Wind Cleaning Process on the Accumulated Dust on Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Modules on Flat Surfaces. Sol. Energy 2018, 159, 1031–1036.
Jiang, H.; Du, E.; He, B.; Zhang, N.; Wang, P.; Li, F.; Ji, J. Analysis and modeling of seasonal characteristics of renewable energy generation. Renew. Energy 2023, 219, 119414.
Jin GL, Ibrahim A, Chean YK, Daghigh R, Ruslan H, Mat S, Sopian K. Evaluation of single-pass photovoltaic-thermal air collector with rectangle tunnel absorber. Am J Appl Sci 2010;7:277–82.
Johnson, S.C.; Papageorgiou, D.J.; Harper, M.R.; Rhodes, J.D.; Hanson, K.; Webber, M.E. The economic and reliability impacts of grid-scale storage in a high penetration renewable energy system. Adv. Appl. Energy 2021, 3, 100052.
Johnson, R.; Mayfield, M. The economic and environmental implications of post feed-in tariff PV on constrained low voltage networks. Appl. Energy 2020, 279, 115666.
Jordan, D.C.; Kurtz, S.R.; VanSant, K.; Newmiller, J. Compendium of photovoltaic degradation rates. Prog. Photovolt. Res. Appl. 2016, 24, 978–989.
Jordan, D.C.; Sekulic, B.; Marion, B.; Kurtz, S.R. Performance and aging of a 20-year-old silicon PV system. IEEE J. Photovolt. 2015, 5, 744–751.
Jordan, D.C.; Kurtz, S.R. Photovoltaic Degradation Rates—An Analytical Review. Prog. Photovolt. Res. Appl. 2013, 21, 12–29.
Joshi AS, Tiwari A. Energy and exergy efficiencies of a hybrid photovoltaic–thermal (PV/T) air collector. Renew Energy 2007;32:2223–41.
Joshi, A., Dincer, I., Reddy, B.V., 2009. Thermodynamic assessment of photovoltaic systems, Solar Energy, Vol. 83, No. 8, pp. 1139–1149.
Joshi SS, Dhoble AS. Photovoltaic-thermal systems (PVT): technology review and future trends. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2018;92:848–82.
Joshi SS, Dhoble AS. Analytical approach for performance estimation of BSPVT system with liquid spectrum filters. Energy 2018;157:778–91.
Joshi SS, Dhoble AS. Experimental investigation of solar photovoltaic thermal system using water, coconut oil and silicone oil as spectrum filters. J Brazilian Soc Mech Sci Eng 2017;39:3227–36.
Jouhara H, Milko J, Danielewicz J, Sayegh MA, Szulgowska-Zgrzywa M, Ramos JB, et al. The performance of a novel flat heat pipe based thermal and PV/T (photovoltaic and thermal systems) solar collector that can be used as an energy-active building envelope material. Energy 2016;108:148–54.
Ju, F.; Fu, X. Research on Impact of Dust on Solar Photovoltaic(PV) Performance. In Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Electrical and Control Engineering, Yichang, China, 16–18 September 2011; pp. 3601–3606.
Kaan, M.; Bozkurt, A.; Genç, M.S.; Genç, G. Optimization study of an energy storage system supplied solar and wind energy sources for green campus. Process Saf. Environ. Prot. 2024, 190, 863–872.
Kabeel, A.E.; Abdelgaied, M.; Sathyamurthy, R. A Comprehensive Investigation of the Optimization Cooling Technique for Improving the Performance of PV Module with Reflectors under Egyptian Conditions. Sol. Energy 2019, 186, 257–263.
Kabir, E.; Kumar, P.; Kumar, S.; Adelodun, A.A.; Kim, K.-H. Solar energy: Potential and future prospects. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2018, 82, 894–900.
Kaddoura, T.O.; Ramli, M.A.M.; Al-Turki, Y.A. On the Estimation of the Optimum Tilt Angle of PV Panel in Saudi Arabia. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2016, 65, 626–634.
Kafle B., Sallam, K.A., Hareland G. (2025). An economic comparison of wind, solar, and ocean thermal energy in the Federated States of Micronesia. ACADEMIA ENGINEERING 2025, 2 1 of 17. https://doi.org/10.20935/AcadEng7722.
Kalogirou SA. Use of TRNSYS for modelling and simulation of a hybrid pv–thermal solar system for Cyprus. Renew Energy 2001;23:247–60.
Kalogirou SA, Tripanagnostopoulos Y. Hybrid PV/T solar systems for domestic hot water and electricity production. Energy Convers Manag 2006;47:3368–82.
Kamonpan Chumpolrat, Vichit Sangsuwan, Nuttakarn Udomdachanut, Songkiate Kittisontirak, Sasiwimon Songtrai, Perawut Chinnavornrungsee, Amornrat Limmanee, Jaran Sritharathikhun, and Kobsak Sriprapha. (2014). Effect of Ambient Temperature on Performance of Grid-Connected Inverter Installed in Thailand. Hindawi Publishing Corporation International Journal of Photoenergy Volume 2014, Article ID 502628, 6 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/502628.
Kanchev, H.; Lu, D.; Colas, F.; Lazarov, V.; Francois, B. Energy Management and Operational Planning of a Microgrid With a PV-Based Active Generator for Smart Grid Applications. IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. 2011, 58, 4583–4592.
Kandilli C. Performance analysis of a novel concentrating photovoltaic combined sys tem. Energy Convers Manag 2013;67:186–96.
Kaneesamkandi, Z.; Almalki, M.J.; Sayeed, A.; Haidar, Z.A. Passive Cooling of PV Modules Using Heat Pipe Thermosiphon with Acetone: Experimental and Theoretical Study. Appl. Sci. 2023, 13, 1457.
Kannan, N., Vakeesan, D., 2016. Solar energy for future world: - A review. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 62, 1092–1105.
Kanwal, T.; Rehman, S.U.; Ali, T.; Mahmood, K.; Villar, S.G.; Lopez, L.A.D.; Ashraf, I. An Intelligent Dual-Axis Solar Tracking System for Remote Weather Monitoring in the Agricultural Field. Agriculture 2023, 13, 1600.
Karabiber, A.; Güneş, Y. Single-motor and dual-axis solar tracking system for micro photovoltaic power plants. J. Sol. Energy Eng. 2023, 145, 051004.
Karami N, Rahimi M. Heat transfer enhancement in a PV cell using Boehmite nanofluid. Energy Convers Manage 2014;86:275–85.
Karami, N.; Rahimi, M. Heat Transfer Enhancement in a Hybrid Microchannel-Photovoltaic Cell Using Boehmite Nanofluid. Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf. 2014, 55, 45–52.
Karimi F, Xu H, Wang Z, Chen J, Yang M. Experimental study of a concentrated PV/T system using linear Fresnel lens. Energy 2017.
Karpic, J.; Sharma, E.; Khatib, T.; Elmenreich, W. Comparison of solar power measurements in alpine areas using a mobile dual-axis tracking system. Energy Inform. 2019, 2, 1–14.
Karthick, A.; Kalidasa Murugavel, K.; Ghosh, A.; Sudhakar, K.; Ramanan, P. Investigation of a binary eutectic mixture of phase change material for building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) system. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2020, 207, 110360.
Katrandzhiev, N.T.; Karnobatev, N.N. Algorithm for single axis solar tracker. In Proceedings of the 2018 IEEE XXVII International Scientific Conference Electronics-ET, Sozopol, Bulgaria, 13–15 September 2018.
Kaushika, N. D., A. K. Rai, “An investigation of mismatch losses in solar photovoltaic cell networks,” Energy, vol. 32, no. 5, p. 755, 2007.
Kawamura, H.; Naka, K.; Yonekura, N.; Yamanaka, S.; Kawamura, H.; Ohno, H.; Naito, K. Simulation of I–V Characteristics of a PV Module with Shaded PV Cells. Sol. Energy Mater. Cells 2003, 75, 613–621.
Kazem, H.A.; Chaichan, M.T. Effect of humidity on photovoltaic performance based on experimental study. Int. J. Appl. Eng. Res. (IJAER) 2015, 10, 43572–43577.
Kazem, H.A.; Chaichan, M.T. The effect of dust accumulation and cleaning methods on PV panels’ outcomes based on an experimental study of six locations in Northern Oman. Sol. Energy 2019, 187, 30–38.
Kazem, H.A.; Chaichan, M.T.; Al-Waeli, A.H.A.; Sopian, K. A Review of Dust Accumulation and Cleaning Methods for Solar Photovoltaic Systems. J. Clean. Prod. 2020, 276, 123187.
Keisang, K.; Bader, T.; Samikannu, R. Review of Operation and Maintenance Methodologies for Solar Photovoltaic Microgrids. Front. Energy Res. 2021, 9, 730230.
Keizer, A.C.; Alsema, E.A.; van Sark, W. Socio-Economic Aspects of Photovoltaic Energy Technology. 2006.
Kerekes, T.; Koutroulis, E.; Séra, D.; Teodorescu, R.; Katsanevakis, M. (2013). An optimization method for designing large PV Plants. IEEE J. Photovolt. 2013, 3, 814–822.
Khan F., Singh, S.N., Husain, M., 2010. Effect of illumination intensity on cell parameters of silicon solar cell Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, 94, pp. 1473–1476.
Khanjari Y, Pourfayaz F, Kasaeian AB. Numerical investigation on using of nanofluid in a water-cooled photovoltaic thermal system. Energy Convers Manag 2016;122:263–278.
Khatib, H. The Discount Rate—A Tool for Managing Risk in Energy Investments; International Association for Energy Economics: Cleveland, OH, USA, 2017; pp. 9–10.
Khatibi, F. Razi Astaraei, and M. H. Ahmadi, “Generation and combination of the solar cells: a current model review,” Energy Science and Engineering, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 305–322, 2019.
Khatiwada, D.; Vasudevan, R.A.; Santos, B.H. Decarbonization of natural gas systems in the EU—Costs, barriers, and constraints of hydrogen production with a case study in Portugal. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2022, 168, 112775.
Kher, V.; Sharma, S.; Santhosh, H.M.; Manoj, N.; Yogesh, O.M.; Bhinge, N.A. Scheduled single axis solar tracker system for improvisation of energy efficiency. In Proceedings of the 2022 4th International Conference on Smart Systems and Inventive Technology (ICSSIT), Tirunelveli, India, 20–22 January 2022.
Kim JH, Park SH, Kim JT. Experimental performance of a photovoltaic-thermal air collector. Energy Procedia 2014;48:888–94.
Kim JH, Kim JT. A simulation study of air-type building-integrated photovoltaic_thermal system. Energy Procedia 2012;30:1016–24.
Kim, H.J.; Kiwan, S.; Ahmad, H.; Alkhalidi, A.; Wahib, W.O.; Al-Kouz, W. Photovoltaic Cooling Utilizing Phase Change Materials. E3S Web Conf. 2020, 160, 02004.
Kim, H., Park, S., Kang, B., Kim, S., Tark, S.J., Kim, D., Dahiwale, S.S., 2013. Effect of text Turing process involving saw-damage etching on crystalline silicon solar cells Appl. Surf. Sci., 284, pp. 133–137.
Kim, J.; Rabelo, M.; Padi, S.P.; Yousuf, H.; Cho, E.-C.; Yi, J. A Review of the Degradation of Photovoltaic Modules for Life Expectancy. Energies 2021, 14, 4278.
Kim, J.; Suharto, Y.; Daim, T.U. Evaluation of Electrical Energy Storage (EES) technologies for renewable energy: A case from the US Pacific Northwest. J. Energy Storage 2017, 11, 25–54.
Kim S-M, Kim J-H, Kim J-T. Experimental study on the thermal and electrical character istics of an air-based photovoltaic thermal collector. Energies 2019;12:2661.
Kim, B.J.; Lee, J.Y.; Kim, K.H.; Hur, T. Evaluation of the environmental performance of sc-Si and mc-Si PV systems in Korea. Sol. Energy 2014, 99, 100–114.
Kinnon, M.A.M.; Brouwer, J.; Samuelsen, S. (2018). The role of natural gas and its infrastructure in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, improving regional air quality, and renewable resource integration. Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 2018, 64, 62–92.
Klise, G.T.; Lavrova, O.; Gooding, R. SANDIA REPORT PV System Component Fault and Failure Compilation and Analysis. February 2018. Liu, L.; Wang, Z.; Zhang, H.; Xue, Y. Solar energy development in China—A review. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2010, 14, 301–311.
Klise, G.T.; Lavrova, O.; Gooding, R. Sandia Report PV System Component Fault and Failure Compilation and Analysis. February 2018.
Klokov, A.V.; Loktionov, E.Y.; Loktionov, Y.V.; Panchenko, V.A.; Sharaborova, E.S. A Mini-Review of Current Activities and Future Trends in Agrivoltaics. Energies 2023, 16, 3009.
Klugmann-Radziemska, E.; Rudnicka, M. Decrease in photovoltaic module efficiency because of the deposition of pollutants. IEEE J. Photovolt. 2020, 10, 1772–1779.
Ko, H.; Gu, Y. Solar Module Cleaning System in Desert. In Proceedings of the Summer Conference of the Korean Electrical Society, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 15–17 July 2015.
Kocur-Bera, K. Are Local Commune Governments Interested in the Development of Photovoltaics in Their Area? An Inside View of Poland. Energies 2024, 17, 1895.
Kong, J.; Dong, Y.; Poshnath, A.; Rismanchi, B.; Yap, P.-S. Application of Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) in Net-Zero Energy Buildings (NZEBs). Energies 2023, 16, 6401.
Kopecek, R.; Libal, J. Bifacial Photovoltaics 2021: Status, Opportunities and Challenges. Energies 2021, 14, 2076.
Kosoric, V.; Lau, S.-K.; Tablada, A.; Bieri, M.; M. Nobre, A. A Holistic Strategy for Successful Photovoltaic (PV) Implementation into Singapore’s Built Environment. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6452.
Kowalczyk, A.M.; Czyza, S. Optimising Photovoltaic Farm Location Using a Capabilities Matrix and GIS. Energies 2022, 15, 6693.
Kowsari, R.; Zerriffi, H. Three dimensional energy profile: A conceptual framework for assessing household energy use. Energy Policy 2011, 39, 7505–7517.
Kraft, E.; Russo, M.; Keles, D.; Bertsch, V. Stochastic optimization of trading strategies in sequential electricity markets. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 2023, 308, 400–421.
Kranz, L.; Gretener, C.; Perrenoud, J.; Schmitt, R.; Pianezzi, F.; La Mattina, F.; Blösch, P.; Cheah, E.; Chirilă, A.; Fella, C.M.; et al. Doping of polycrystalline CdTe for high-efficiency solar cells on flexible metal foil. Nat. Commun. 2013, 4, 1–7.
Krauter, S. Increased electrical yield via water flow over the front of photovoltaic panels. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2004, 82, 131–137.
Krishnananth, S.S.; Kalidasa Murugavel, K. Experimental study on double pass solar air heater with thermal energy storage. J. King Saud Univ.—Eng. Sci. 2013, 25, 135–140.
Krohn S, Morthorst P-E, Awerbuch S. The economics of wind energy. Brussels: European Wind Energy Association; 2009.
Krumdieck, S. Transition Engineering: Building a Sustainable Future; CRC Press: London, UK, 2019.
Kuhn, T.E.; Erban, C.; Heinrich, M.; Eisenlohr, J.; Ensslen, F.; Neuhaus, D.H. Review of technological design options for building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV). Energy Build. 2021, 231, 110381.
Kumba, K.; Simon, S.P.; Sundareswaran, K.; Nayak, P.S.R.; Kumar, K.A.; Padhy, N.P. Performance Evaluation of a Second-Order Lever Single Axis Solar Tracking System. IEEE J. Photovolt. 2022, 12, 1219–1229.
Kumar, R.; Chand, P. Performance enhancement of solar air heater using herringbone corrugated fins. Energy 2017, 127, 271–279.
Kumar, R.S.; Priyadharshini, N.P.; Natarajan, E. Experimental and numerical analysis of photovoltaic solar panel using thermo electric cooling. Indian J. Sci. Technol. 2015, 8, 252–256.
Kumar, S.; Kumar, K.R. Techno economic feasibility study on hydrogen production using concentrating solar thermal technology in India. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2022, 47, 37708–37723.
Kumar A, Baredar P, Qureshi U. Historical and recent development of photovoltaic thermal (PVT) technologies. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2015;42: 1428–36.
Kumar, N.M.; Gupta, R.P.; Mathew, M.; Jayakumar, A.; Singh, N.K. Performance, energy loss, and degradation prediction of roof-integrated crystalline solar PV system installed in Northern India. Case Stud. Therm. Eng. 2019, 13, 100409.
Kumar, D.H.; Krishna, R.; Kumar, M.D.; Pradhan, R.; Sreenivasan, M. Harvesting energy from moving vehicles with single-axis solar tracking assisted hybrid wind turbine. Mater. Today Proc. 2020, 33, 326–332.
Kumar R, Rosen MA. Performance evaluation of a double pass PV/T solar air heater with and without fins. Appl Therm Eng 2011;31:1402–10.
Kumar, N.M.; Gupta, R.P.; Mathew, M.; Jayakumar, A.; Singh, N.K. Performance, energy loss, and degradation prediction of roof-integrated crystalline solar PV system installed in Northern India. Case Stud. Therm. Eng. 2019, 13, 100409.
Kuo CFJ, Lee YW, Umar ML, Yang PC. Dynamic modeling, practical verification and energy benefit analysis of a photovoltaic and thermal composite module system. Energy Convers Manage 2017;154:470–81.
Kunnemeyer R, Anderson TN, Duke M, Carson JK. Performance of a V-trough photo- € voltaic/thermal concentrator. Sol Energy 2014;101:19–27.
Kuttybay, N.; Saymbetov, A.; Mekhilef, S.; Nurgaliyev, M.; Tukymbekov, D.; Dosymbetova, G.; Svanbayev, Y. Optimized single-axis schedule solar tracker in different weather conditions. Energies 2020, 13, 5226.
Lammert, M. D., Schwarts, R.J., 1997. The integrated back contact solar cell: A silicon solar cell for use in concentrated sunlight IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, ED-24, pp. 337–342.
Lammle M, Kroyer T, Fortuin S, Wiese M, Hermann M. Development and modelling of highly-efficient PVT collectors with low-emissivity coatings. Sol Energy 2016a;130:161–73.
Lammle M, Thoma C, Hermann M. A PVT collector concept with variable film insulation and low-emissivity coating. Energy Procedia 2016b;91:72–7.
Lamont, L.A.; El Chaar, L. Enhancement of a Stand-Alone Photovoltaic System’s Performance: Reduction of Soft and Hard Shading. Renew. Energy 2011, 36, 1306–1310.
Lamprini, P.; Theristis, M.; Kubicek, B.; Krametz, T.; Mayr, C.; Papanastasiou, P.; Georghiou, G.E. Modelling and experimental investigations of microcracks in crystalline silicon photovoltaics: A review. Renew. Energy 2020, 145, 0960–1481.
Lanzafame, R.; Nachtmann, S.; Rosa-Clot, M.; Rosa-Clot, P.; Scandura, P.F.; Taddei, S.; Tina, G.M. Field Experience With Performances Evaluation of a Single-Crystalline Photovoltaic Panel in an Underwater Environment. IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. 2010, 57, 2492–2498.
Larico, E.R.A.; Gutierrez, A.C. Solar tracking system with photovoltaic cells: Experimental analysis at high altitudes. Int. J. Renew. Energy Dev. 2022, 11, 630.
Leach, J.E. Some Effects of Air Temperature and Humidity on Crop and Leaf Photosynthesis, Transpiration and Resistance to Gas Transfer. Ann. Appl. Biol. 1979, 92, 287–297.
Lebedeva, K.; Borodinecs, A.; Palcikovskis, A.; Wawerka, R.; Skandalos, N. Estimation of LCOE for PV electricity production in the Baltic States—Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia until 2050. Renew. Sustain. Energy Transit. 2025, 7, 100110.
Lee, Y.-G.; Joo, H.-J.; Yoon, S.-J. Design and installation of floating type photovoltaic energy generation system using FRP members. Sol. Energy 2014, 108, 13–27.
Lee, H.; Jung, S.; Lee, S.; Kim, D.; Kim, J.; Kim, D.; Ko, J.; Lee, B. Empirical Test on Deterioration of PV Power Efficiency Caused by Fine Dust Though Auto Cleaning Robot. In Proceedings of the Summer Conference of the Korean Electrical Society, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 7 June 2019; Volume 7, pp. 917–918.
Lee JH, Hwang SG, Lee GH. Efficiency Improvement of a photovoltaic thermal (PVT) system using nanofluids. Energies 2019;12:1–16.
Lee, B.; Byun, J.; Choi, M.I.; Kang, B.; Park, S. Degradation diagnosis system of photovoltaic panels with mobile application. IEEE Trans. Consum. Electron. 2014, 60, 338–346.
Leitão, D.; Torres, J.P.N.; Fernandes, J.F.P. Spectral Irradiance Influence on Solar Cells Efficiency. Energies 2020, 13, 5017.
Leon, A.; Ishihara, K.N. Influence of allocation methods on the LC-CO2 emission of an agrivoltaic system. Resour. Conserv. Recycl. 2018, 138, 110–117.
Le Varlet T, Schmidt O, Gambhir A, Few S, Staffell I. Comparative life cycle assessment of lithium-ion battery chemistries for residential storage. J Energy Storage. 2020;28:101230. doi: 10.1016/j.est.2020.101230.
Li G, Pei G, Ji J, Yang M, Su Y, Xu N. Numerical and experimental study on a PV/T sys tem with static miniature solar concentrator. Sol Energy 2015;120:565–74.
Li, L.; Dai, C. Internal and External Factors Influencing Rural Households’ Investment Intentions in Building Photovoltaic Integration Projects. Energies 2024, 17, 1071. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17051071
Li, F.; Cao, X.; Ou, R. A network-based evolutionary analysis of the diffusion of cleaner energy substitution in enterprises: The roles of PEST factors. Energy Policy 2021, 156, 112385.
Li, L.; Fan, F.; Liu, X. Determinants of rural household clean energy adoption intention: Evidence from 72 typical villages in ecologically fragile regions of western China. J. Clean. Prod. 2022, 347, 131296.
Li, H.; Zhao, J.; Li, M.; Deng, S.; An, Q.; Wang, F. Performance analysis of passive cooling for photovoltaic modules and estimation of energy-saving potential. Sol. Energy 2019, 181, 70–82.
Li, Q.; Duan, H.; Xie, M.; Kang, P.; Ma, Y.; Zhong, R.; Gao, T.; Zhong, W.; Wen, B.; Bai, F.; et al. Life cycle assessment and life cycle cost analysis of a 40 MW wind farm with consideration of the infrastructure. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2021, 138, 110499.
Liang, T.S.; Pravettoni, M.; Deline, C.; Stein, J.S.; Kopecek, R.; Singh, J.P.; Luo, W.; Wang, Y.; Aberle, A.G.; Khoo, Y.S. A Review of Crystalline Silicon Bifacial Photovoltaic Performance Characterisation and Simulation. Energy Environ. Sci. 2019, 12, 116–148.
Liang R, Zhang J, Ma L, Li Y. Performance evaluation of new type hybrid photovoltaic/thermal solar collector by experimental study. Appl Therm Eng 2015;75:487–92.
Liang H, You F. Reshoring silicon photovoltaics manufacturing contributes to decarbonization and climate change mitigation. Nat Commun. 2023;14(1):1274. doi: 10.1038/s4 1467-023-36827-z.
Limmanee, A.; Udomdachanut, N.; Songtrai, S.; Kaewniyompanit, S.; Sato, Y.; Nakaishi, M.; Kittisontirak, S.; Sriprapha, K.; Sakamoto, Y. Field performance and degradation rates of different types of photovoltaic modules: A case study in Thailand. Renew. Energy 2016, 89, 12–17.
Lin, J.; Shi, D. Photothermal and photovoltaic properties of transparent thin films of porphyrin compounds for energy applications. Appl. Phys. Rev. 2021, 8, 011302.
Lin, J.; Lyu, M.; Shi, D. 3D Solar Harvesting and Energy Generation via Multilayers of Transparent Porphyrin and Iron Oxide Thin Films. Energies 2023, 16, 3173.
Liu, L.; Wang, Z.; Zhang, H.; Xue, Y. Solar energy development in China—A review. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2010, 14, 301–311.
Liu, Z.; Cui, Y.; Wang, J.; Yue, C.; Agbodjan, Y.S.; Yang, Y. Multi-objective optimization of multi-energy complementary integrated energy systems considering load prediction and renewable energy production uncertainties. Energy 2022, 254, 124399.
Liu, Y.; Wang, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Hu, S. Design and performance analysis of compressed CO2 energy storage of a solar power tower generation system based on the S-CO2 Brayton cycle. Energy Convers. Manag. 2021, 249, 114856.
Liu, D.; Liu, Y.; Sun, K. Policy impact of cancellation of wind and photovoltaic subsidy on power generation companies in China. Renew. Energy 2021, 177, 134–147.
Liu, D.; Qi, S.; Xu, T. In the post-subsidy era: How to encourage mere consumers to become prosumers when subsidy reduced? Energy Policy 2023, 174, 113451.
Liu, Z.; Castillo, M.L.; Youssef, A.; Serdy, J.G.; Watts, A.; Schmid, C.; Kurtz, S.; Peters, I.M.; Buonassisi, T. Quantitative analysis of degradation mechanisms in 30-year-old PV modules. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2019, 200, 110019.
Liu, T.; Yang, J.; Yang, Z.; Duan, Y. Techno-economic feasibility of solar power plants considering PV/CSP with electrical/thermal energy storage system. Energy Convers. Manag. 2022, 255, 115308.
Liu, L.; Wang, Q.; Lin, H.; Li, H.; Sun, Q.; Wennersten, R. Power Generation Efficiency and Prospects of Floating Photovoltaic Systems. Energy Procedia 2017, 105, 1136–1142.
Liu, Z., F. Wen, G. Ledwich, “Optimal siting and sizing of distributed gen erators in distribution systems considering uncertainties,” IEEE Trans. Power Delivery 26, 2541–2551 (2011).
Liu, H.; Li, Y.; Xu, S.; Zhou, Y.; Li, Z.A. Emerging Chemistry in Enhancing the Chemical and Photochemical Stabilities of Fused-Ring Electron Acceptors in Organic Solar Cells. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2021, 31, 2106735.
Liu, H.; Xie, M.; Ai, Q.; Yu, Z. Ultra-broadband selective absorber for near-perfect harvesting of solar energy. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. 2021, 266, 107575.
Liu Z, Zhang L, Luo Y, Zhang Y, Wu Z. Performance evaluation of a photovoltaic thermal-compound thermoelectric ventilator system. Energy Build 2018;167:23–9.
Lippert, M. Balancing Renewables with Li-Ion Energy Storage. Power 2014, 158, 34.
Liu, S.-Y.; Perng, Y.-H.; Ho, Y.-F. The effect of renewable energy application on Taiwan buildings: What are the challenges and strategies for solar energy exploitation? Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2013, 28, 92–106.
Liu, X.; Kent Hoekman, S.; Robbins, C.; Ross, P. Lifecycle climate impacts and economic performance of commercial-scale solar PV systems: A study of PV systems at Nevada’s Desert Research Institute (DRI). Sol. Energy 2015, 119, 561–572.
Liu, Fude, Wentao Wang, Lei Wang, and Guandong Yang. "Working principles of solar and other energy conversion cells." Nanomaterials and Energy 2, no.1 (2012): 3-10.
Loßner, M.; Böttger, D.; Bruckner, T. Economic assessment of virtual power plants in the German energy market—A scenario-based and model-supported analysis. Energy Econ. 2017, 62, 125–138.
Lombez, L.; Paire, M.; Ory, D.; Delamarre, A.; Rodière, J.; Rale, P.; El-Hajje, G.; Guillemoles, J.F. Direct imaging of quasi Fermi level splitting in photovoltaic absorbers. In Proceedings of the 2014 IEEE 40th Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC), Denver, CO, USA, 8–13 June 2014; pp. 0695–0697.
Lopez A, Pinchuk P, Gleason M, Cole W, Mai T, Williams T, et al. Solar Photovoltaics and Land-Based Wind Technical Potential and Supply Curves for the Contiguous United States. 2023 ed. No. NREL/TP-6A20-87843. Golden (CO): National Renewable Energy Laboratory; 2024.
Lu L, Wang X, Wang S, Liu X. A new concept of hybrid photovoltaic thermal (PVT) collector with natural circulation. Heat Mass Transf 2017;53:2331–9.
Lu, B.; Blakers, A.; Stocks, M.; Do, T.N. Low-cost, low-emission 100% renewable electricity in Southeast Asia supported by pumped hydro storage. Energy 2021, 236, 121387.
Lu, Y.; Chang, R.; Shabunko, V.; Lay Yee, A.T. The implementation of building-integrated photovoltaics in Singapore: Drivers versus barriers. Energy 2019, 168, 400–408.
Lucas, H.; Fifita, S.; Talab, I.; Marschel, C.; Cabeza, L.F. Critical challenges and capacity building needs for renewable energy deployment in Pacific Small Island Developing States (Pacific SIDS). Renew. Energy 2017, 107, 42–52.
Ludin, N.A.; Mustafa, N.I.; Hanafiah, M.N.; Ibrahim, M.A.; Teridi, M.A.M.; Sepeai, S.; Zaharim, A.; Sopian, K. Prospects of life cycle assessment of renewable energy from solar photovoltaic technologies: A review. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2018, 96, 11–28.
Luethi, S. Effective deployment of photovoltaics in the Mediterranean countries: Balancing policy risk and return. Sol. Energy 2010, 84, 1059–1071.
Lukasser, G.; Estaji, A.; Sauter, T.; Wilker, S.; Kobelrausch, M.; Leibold, J.; Sengl, D. Integrating Photovoltaics and Sun Blinds for Smart Shading Systems. In Proceedings of the 2022 IEEE 31st International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE), Anchorage, AK, USA, 1–3 June 2022; pp. 990–993.
Lunardi, M.M.; Moore, S.; Alvarez-Gaitan, J.P.; Yan, C.; Hao, X.; Corkish, R. A comparative life cycle assessment of chalcogenide/Si tandem solar modules. Energy 2018, 145, 700–709.
Lytle, W.; Meyer, T.K.; Tanikella, N.G.; Burnham, L.; Engel, J.; Schelly, C.; Pearce, J.M. Conceptual Design and Rationale for a New Agrivoltaics Concept: Pasture-Raised Rabbits and Solar Farming. J. Clean. Prod. 2021, 282, 124476.
Lyu, M.; Lin, J.; Krupczak, J.; Shi, D. Solar harvesting through multilayer spectral selective iron oxide and porphyrin transparent thin films for photothermal energy generation. Adv. Sustain. Syst. 2021, 5, 2100006.
Ma, J.; Youn, J.-H.; Cho, H.; Park, J.; Kyung, K.-U. Highly efficient long-lasting triboelectric nanogenerator upon impact and its application to daily-life self-cleaning solar panel. Nano Energy 2022, 103, 107836.
Ma, T., H. Yang, and L. Lin, “Development of a model to simulate the performance characteristics of crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules/strings/arrays,” Solar Energy, vol. 100, pp. 31–41, 2014.
Maarof, H.A. Influence of Micro-Controller-Based Single Axis Solar Tracker System on Solar Panel’s Performance: Case Study. NTU J. Renew. Energy 2022, 3, 33–43.
MacAlpine M. B. and R. Erickson, “Quantifying mismatch losses in small arrays,” in 2013 Sandia PV Performance Modeling Workshop, Santa Clar, CA, 2013.
Madeti, S.R.; Singh, S.N. Monitoring System for Photovoltaic Plants: A Review. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2017, 67, 1180–1207.
Madiba, T.; Bansal, R.C.; Justo, J.J.; Kusakana, K. Optimal Control System of under Frequency Load Shedding in Microgrid System with Renewable Energy Resources. In Smart Energy Grid Design for Island Countries; Green Energy Technology; Springer: Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany, 2017; pp. 71–96.
Mahama, M.; Derkyi, N.S.A.; Nwabue, C.M. Challenges of renewable energy development and deployment in Ghana: Perspec tives from developers. GeoJournal 2021, 86, 1425–1439.
Mahendra, S.; Ogren, W.L.; Widholm, J.M. Photosynthetic Characteristics of Several C3 and C4 Plant Species Grown Under Different Light Intensities 1. Crop Sci. 1974, 14, 563–566.
Mahmoud,M.;Ramadan,M.; Olabi, A.G.; Pullen, K.; Naher, S. A review of mechanical energy storage systems combined with wind and solar applications. Energy Convers. Manag. 2020, 210, 112670.
Mahmud, M.A.P.; Huda, N.; Farjana, S.H.; Lang, C. Environmental Impacts of Solar-Photovoltaic and Solar-Thermal Systems with Life-Cycle Assessment. Energies 2018, 11, 2346.
Maia, A.S.C.; de Andrade Culhari, E.; Fonsêca, V.D.F.C.; Milan, H.F.M.; Gebremedhin, K.G. Photovoltaic panels as shading resources for livestock. J. Clean. Prod. 2020, 258, 120551.
Maire, V.; Wright, I.J.; Prentice, I.C.; Batjes, N.H.; Bhaskar, R.; van Bodegom, P.M.; Cornwell, W.K.; Ellsworth, D.; Niinemets, Ü.; Ordonez, A.; et al. Global Effects of Soil and Climate on Leaf Photosynthetic Traits and Rates. Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. 2015, 24, 706–717.
Maity, R.; Sudhakar, K.; Abdul Razak, A.; Karthick, A.; Barbulescu, D. Agrivoltaic: A Strategic Assessment Using SWOT and TOWS Matrix. Energies 2023, 16, 3313. https://doi.org/10.3390/ en16083313.
Maleki, M. Ameri, and F. Keynia, “Scrutiny of multifarious particle swarm optimization for finding the optimal size of a PV/wind/battery hybrid system,” Renewable Energy 80, 552–563 (2015).
Maleki, A.; Rosen, M.A.; Pourfayaz, F. Optimal Operation of a Grid-Connected Hybrid Renewable Energy System for Residential Applications. Sustainability 2017, 9, 1314.
Majid, Z.A.A.; Ruslan, M.H.; Sopian, K.; Othman, M.Y.; Azmi, M.S.M. Study on Performance of 80 Watt Floating Photovoltaic Panel. J. Mech. Eng. Sci. 2014, 7, 1150–1156.
Majumder, A.; Innamorati, R.; Frattolillo, A.; Kumar, A.; Gatto, G. Performance Analysis of a Floating Photovoltaic System and Estimation of the Evaporation Losses Reduction. Energies 2021, 14, 8336.
Majumder, A.; Kumar, A.; Innamorati, R.; Mastino, C.C.; Cappellini, G.; Baccoli, R.; Gatto, G. Cooling Methods for Standard and Floating PV Panels. Energies 2023, 16, 7939.
Makita. K.; Mizuno, H.; Tayagaki, T.; Aihara, T.; Oshima, R.; Shoji, Y.; Sai, H.; Takato, H.; Muller, R.; Beutel, P.; et al. III–V//Si multijunction solar cells with 30% efficiency using smart stack technology with Pd nanoparticle array. Prog. Photovolt. Res. Appl. 2020, 28, 16–24.
Makki A, Omer S, Su Y, Sabir H. Numerical investigation of heat pipe-based photovoltaic–thermoelectric generator (HP-PV/TEG) hybrid system. Energy Convers Manage 2016;112:274–87.
Makki, A., S. Omer, and H. Sabir, “Advancements in hybrid photovoltaic systems for enhanced solar cells performance,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 41, pp. 658–684, 2015.
Makki A, Omer S, Sabir H. Advancements in hybrid photovoltaic systems for enhanced solar cells performance. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2015;41:658–84.
Mamun, M.A.A.; Islam, M.M.; Hasanuzzaman, M.; Selvaraj, J. Effect of Tilt Angle on the Performance and Electrical Parameters of a PV Module: Comparative Indoor and Outdoor Experimental Investigation. Energy Built Environ. 2021, 3, 278–290.
Mandal, S., B. K. Das, N. Hoque, “Optimum sizing of a stand-alone hybrid energy system for rural electrification in Bangladesh,” J. Cleaner Prod. 200, 12–27 (2018).
Mangesh S, Thakare GSKP, Ghosh Prakash Chandra, Bandyopadhyay Santanu. Optimization of photovoltaic–thermal (PVT) based cogeneration system through water replenishment profile. Sol Energy 2016;133:512.
Mankani, K.; Chaudhry, H.N.; Calautit, J.K. Optimization of an air-cooled heat sink for cooling of a solar photovoltaic. Energy Build. 2022, 270, 112274.
Maraghechi, P.; Labelle, A.J.; Kirmani, A.R.; Lan, X.; Adachi, M.M.; Thon, S.M.; Hoogland, S.; Lee, A.; Ning, Z.; Fischer, A.; et al. The Donor–Supply Electrode Enhances Performance in Colloidal Quantum Dot Solar Cells. ACS Nano 2013, 7, 6111–6116.
Marathe, S.A.; Patil, B.P. Mechanisms for Improving the Productivity of the Existing Photovoltaic Panels. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Performance Evaluation (ComPE), Hillong, India, 4 July 2020. INSPEC Accession Number: 19986470.
Mardani, A.; Zavadskas, E.K.; Khalifah, Z.; Zakuan, N.; Jusoh, A.; Nor, K.M.; Khoshnoudi, M. A review of multi-criteria decision-making applications to solve energy management problems: Two decades from 1995 to 2015. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2017, 71, 216–256.
María Herrando AR, Zabalza Ignacio, Christos N. Markides. A comprehensive assessment of alternative absorber-exchanger designs for hybrid PVT-water collectors. Appl Energy 2019;235:1583–602.
Marin P, Saffari M, Gracia AD, Zhu X, Farid MM, Cabeza LF, et al. Energy savings due to the use of PCM for relocatable light weight buildings passive heating and cooling in different weather conditions. Energy Build 2016;129:274–83.
Marinic-Kragic, I.; Nižetic, S.; Grubiši´c-Cabo, F.; Coko, D. Analysis and optimization of passive cooling approach for free-standing ˇ photovoltaic panel: Introduction of slits. Energy Convers. Manag. 2020, 204, 112277.
Marques Lameirinhas, R.A.; Torres, J.P.N.; de Melo Cunha, J.P. A Photovoltaic Technology Review: History, Fundamentals and Applications. Energies 2022, 15, 1823. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15051823.
Marrou, H.; Guilioni, L.; Dufour, L.; Dupraz, C.; Wery, J. Microclimate under Agrivoltaic Systems: Is Crop Growth Rate Affected in the Partial Shade of Solar Panels? Agric. For. Meteorol. 2013a, 177, 117–132.
Marrou, H.; Dufour, L.; Wery, J. How Does a Shelter of Solar Panels Influence Water Flows in a Soil–Crop System? Eur. J. Agron. 2013b, 50, 38–51.
Martin, N.J.; Rice, J.L. Developing renewable energy supply in Queensland, Australia: A study of the barriers, targets, policies and actions. Renew. Energy 2012, 44, 119–127.
Martínez-García, E.; Blanco-Marigorta, E.; Gayo, J.P.; Navarro-Manso, A. Influence of inertia and aspect ratio on the torsional galloping of single-axis solar trackers. Eng. Struct. 2021, 243, 112682.
Martinez-Mareno, F., J. Munoz, and E. Lorenzo, “Experimen tal model to estimate shading losses on PV arrays,” Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, vol. 94, no. 12, pp. 2298–2303, 2010.
Martín-Martínez, S.; Cañas-Carretón, M.; Honrubia-Escribano, A.; Gómez-Lázaro, E. Performance Evaluation of Large Solar Photovoltaic Power Plants in Spain. Energy Convers. Manag. 2019, 183, 515–528.
Mason, J.E.; Fthenakis, V.M.; Hansen, T.; Kim, H.C. Energy payback and life-cycle CO2 emissions of the BOS in an optimized 3.5 MW PV installation. Prog. Photovolt. Res. Appl. 2006, 14, 179–190.
Massi Pavan, A.; Mellit, A.; De Pieri, D. The Effect of Soiling on Energy Production for Large-Scale Photovoltaic Plants. Sol. Energy 2011, 85, 1128–1136.
Mastrocinque, E.; Ramírez, F.J.; Honrubia-Escribano, A.; Pham, D.T. An AHP-based multi-criteria model for sustainable supply chain development in the renewable energy sector. Expert Syst. Appl. 2020, 150, 113321.
Mathew, X.; Enriquez, J.P.; Romeo, A.; Tiwari, A.N. CdTe/CdS solar cells on flexible substrates. Sol. Energy 2004, 77, 831–838.
Matthews, T.; Hirve, M.; Pan, Y.; Dang, D.; Rawar, E.; Daim, T.U. Tesla Energy. In Innovation Management in the Intelligent World: Cases and Tools; Daim, T.U., Meissner, D., Eds.; Springer International Publishing: Cham, Switzerland, 2020; pp. 233–249.
Mathews I, Xu B, He W, Barreto V, Buonassisi T, Peters IM. Technoeconomic model of second-life batteries for utilityscale solar considering calendar and cycle aging. Appl Energy. 2020;269:115127. doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115127.
Mazarrón, F.R.; Porras-Prieto, C.J.; García, J.L.; Benavente, R.M. Feasibility of active solar water heating systems with evacuated tube collector at different operational water temperatures. Energy Convers. Manag. 2016, 113, 16–26.
Mazman, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; Mehling, H.; Nogues, M.; Evliya, H.; Paksoy, H.Ö. Utilization of phase change materials in solar domestic hot water systems. Renew. Energy 2009, 34, 1639–1643.
Mazón-Hernández, R.; García-Cascales, J.R.; Vera-García, F.; Káiser, A.S.; Zamora, B. Improving the Electrical Parameters of a Photovoltaic Panel by Means of an Induced or Forced Air Stream. Int. J. Photoenergy 2013, 2013, 830968.
Mazumder, M.K.; Sharma, R.; Biris, A.S.; Horenstein, M.N.; Zhang, J.; Ishihara, H.; Stark, J.W.; Blumenthal, S.; Sadder, O. Electrostatic Removal of Particles and Its Applications to Self-Cleaning Solar Panels and Solar Concentrators. In Developments in Surface Contamination and Cleaning; William Andrew Publishing: Norwich, NY, USA, 2011; pp. 149–199.
Mazumder, M.K.; Biris, A.S.; Johnson, C.E.; Yurteri, C.U.; Sims, R.A.; Sharma, R.; Pruessner, K.; Trigwell, S.; Clements, J.S. Solar Panel Obscuration by Dust and Dust Mitigation in the Martian Atmosphere. Part. Surfaces Detect. Adhes. Removal. 2020, 9, 175–204.
McCubbin, D.; Sovacool, B.K. Quantifying the health and environmental benefits of wind power to natural gas. Energy Policy 2013, 53, 429–441.
McLaughlin, D.V.P.; Pearce, J.M. (2013). "Progress in Indium Gallium Nitride Materials for Solar Photovoltaic Energy Conversion". Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A. 44 (4): 1947–1954.
McFee, R.H. Power collection reduction by mirror surface nonflatness and tracking error for a central receiver solar power system. Appl. Opt. 1975, 14, 1493–1502.
McIntosh, K. R., M. D. Abbott, B. A. Sudbury, and J. Meydbray, “Mismatch loss in bifacial modules due to non uniform illumination in 1-D tracking systems,” IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 1504–1512, 2019.
Mehdi, G.; Ali, N.; Hussain, S.; Zaidi, A.A.; Shah, A.H.; Azeem, M.M. Design and fabrication of automatic single axis solar tracker for solar panel. In Proceedings of the 2019 2nd International Conference on Computing, Mathematics and Engineering Technologies (iCoMET), Sukkur, Pakistan, 30–31 January 2019.
Mehta, K.; Shah, M.J.; Zörner, W. Agri-PV (Agrivoltaics) in Developing Countries: Advancing Sustainable Farming to Address the Water–Energy–Food Nexus. Energies 2024, 17, 4440. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/en17174440.
Meister, R.; Yaïci, W.; Moezzi, R.; Gheibi, M.; Hovi, K.; Annuk, A. Evaluating the Balancing Properties of Wind and Solar Photovoltaic System Production. Energies 2025, 18, 1871. https:// doi.org/10.3390/en18071871.
Melo, I.; Torres, J.P.N.; Ferreira Fernandes, C.A.; Marques Lameirinhas, R.A. Sustainability economic study of the islands of the Azores archipelago using photovoltaic panels, wind energy and storage system. Renewables 2020, 7, 4.
Menéndez, J.; Loredo, J. Economic feasibility of developing large scale solar photovoltaic power plants in Spain. E3S Web Conf. 2019, 122, 02004.
Menoufi, K. Dust Accumulation on the Surface of Photovoltaic Panels: Introducing the Photovoltaic Soiling Index (PVSI). Sustainability 2017, 9, 963.
Meral, M.E.; Diner, F. A Review of the Factors Affecting Operation and Efficiency of Photovoltaic Based Electricity Generation Systems. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2011, 15, 2176–2184.
Mercaldo, L.V.; Delli Veneri, P. Solar Cells and Light Management; Elsevier: Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 2020; pp. 35–57.
Meribout, M. Sensor Systems for Solar Plant Monitoring. IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 2023, 72, 9502016.
Mermoud, A. Shading Mismatch Loss Calculation in PVsyst 6. In Proceedings of the 2013 Sandia PV Performance Modeling Workshop, Santa Clara, CA, USA, 1–2 May 2013.
Merten, M.; Rücker, F.; Schoeneberger, I.; Sauer, D.U. Automatic frequency restoration reserve market prediction: Methodology and comparison of various approaches. Appl. Energy 2020, 268, 114978.
Meyer, E.L., Buma, C.L., Taziwa, R. (2017). Performance Parameters of an Off-Grid Building Integrated Photovoltaic System in South Africa. 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition.
Michael JJ, Selvarasan I. Experimental investigation of a copper sheet-laminated solar photovoltaic thermal water collector. Energy Effic 2016;10:117–28.
Michael JJ, Iniyan S. Performance analysis of a copper sheet laminated photovoltaic thermal collector using copper oxide – water nanofluid. Sol Energy 2015;119:439–51.
Michael JJ, Iniyan S, Goic R. Flat plate solar photovoltaic–thermal (PV/T) systems: a reference guide. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2015;51:62–88.
Michael JJ, Selvarasan I. Experimental investigation of a copper sheet-laminated solar photovoltaic thermal water collector. Energy Effic 2016;10:117–28.
Michael JJ, Iniyan S. Performance analysis of a copper sheet laminated photovoltaic thermal collector using copper oxide – water nanofluid. Sol Energy 2015;119:439–51.
Michael JJ, Selvarasan I, Goic R. Fabrication, experimental study and testing of a novel photovoltaic module for photovoltaic thermal applications. Renew Energy 2016;90:95–104.
Michael K., Markus H., Stefan W., Jochen W., Modeling of the nominal operating cell temperature based on outdoor weathering, Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 95 (7) (2011) 1638–1646.
Miller, L.; Carriveau, R. A review of energy storage financing—Learning from and partnering with the renewable energy industry. J. Energy Storage 2018, 19, 311–319.
Mir-Artigues, P.; Cerdá, E.; Del Río, P. Analysing the economic impact of the new renewable electricity support scheme on solar PV plants in Spain. Energy Policy 2018, 114, 323–331.
Mishra, N.; Yadav, A.S.; Pachauri, R.; Chauhan, Y.K.; Yadav, V.K. Performance Enhancement of PV System Using Proposed Array Topologies under Various Shadow Patterns. Sol. Energy 2017, 157, 641–656.
Modise, D.; Mahotas, V. Overview of the South African Energy Sector Sources of Power. 2014.
Moehlecke, A.; Zanesco, I.; Luque, A. Practical High Efficiency Bifacial Solar Cells. In Proceedings of the 1994 IEEE 1st World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion—WCPEC (A Joint Conference of PVSC, PVSEC and PSEC), Waikoloa, HI, USA, 5–9 December 1994; Volume 2, pp. 1663–1666.
Moharram, K.A.; Abd-Elhady, M.S.; Kandil, H.A.; El-Sherif, H. Enhancing the performance of photovoltaic panels by water cooling. Ain Shams Eng. J. 2013, 4, 869–877.
Moharram, K.A.; Abd-Elhady, M.S.; Kandil, H.A.; El-Sherif, H. Influence of Cleaning Using Water and Surfactants on the Performance of Photovoltaic Panels. Energy Convers. Manag. 2013, 68, 266–272.
Mokarram, M.; Mokarram, M.J.; Khosravi, M.R.; Saber, A.; Rahideh, A. Determination of the optimal location for constructing solar photovoltaic farms based on multi-criteria decision system and Dempster–Shafer theory. Sci. Rep. 2020, 10, 8200.
Monforti Ferrario, A.; Bartolini, A.; Segura Manzano, F.; Vivas, F.J.; Comodi, G.; McPhail, S.J.; Andujar, J.M. A model-based parametric and optimal sizing of a battery/hydrogen storage of a real hybrid microgrid supplying a residential load: Towards island operation. Adv. Appl. Energy 2021, 3, 100048.
Monteith, J.L.; Reifsnyder, W.E. Principles of Environmental Physics. Phys. Today 1974, 27, 51–52.
Moradgholi M, Nowee SM, Abrishamchi I. Application of heat pipe in an experimental investigation on a novel photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) system. Sol Energy 2014;107:82–8.
Morata, F.; Sandoval, I.S. European Energy Policy: An Environmental Approach; Edward Elgar Publishing: Cheltenham, UK, 2012; ISBN 0857939211.
Moreno D, Fern andez M, Esquivias PM. A comparison of closed-form and finite_element solutions for heat transfer in a nearly horizontal, unglazed flat plate PVT water collector: performance assessment. Sol Energy 2017;141:11–24.
Moriarty, P.; Honnery, D. Can renewable energy power the future? Energy Policy 2016, 93, 3–7.
Moshfegh, H.; Eslami, M.; Hosseini, A. Thermoelectric Cooling of a Photovoltaic Panel. In The Role of Exergy in Energy and the Environment; Springer: Cham, Switzerland, 2018; pp. 625–634.
Moshövel, J.; Kairies, K.-P.; Magnor, D.; Leuthold, M.; Bost, M.; Gährs, S.; Szczechowicz, E.; Cramer, M.; Sauer, D.U. Analysis of the maximal possible grid relief from PV-peak-power impacts by using storage systems for increased self-consumption. Appl. Energy 2015, 137, 567–575.
Mostefaoui, M.; Ziane, A.; Bouraiou, A.; Khelifi, S. Effect of Sand Dust Accumulation on Photovoltaic Performance in the Saharan Environment: Southern Algeria (Adrar). Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 2019, 26, 259–268.
Mota, F.; Torres, J.P.N.; Ferreira Fernandes, C.A.; Marques Lameirinhas, R.A. Influence of an aluminium concentrator corrosion on the output characteristic of a photovoltaic system. Sci. Rep. 2020, 10, 21865.
Mouhib, E.; Micheli, L.; Almonacid, F.M.; Fernández, E.F. Overview of the Fundamentals and Applications of Bifacial Photovoltaic Technology: Agrivoltaics and Aquavoltaics. Energies 2022, 15, 8777. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15238777.
Mubarak, A.N.M.; Burgess, A.J.; Pyke, K.; Quick, W.P.; Murchie, E.H. Mass screening of rice mutant populations at low CO2 for identification of lowered photorespiration and respiration rates. Front. Plant Sci. 2023, 14, 1125770.
Muehleisen, W.; Loeschnig, J.; Feichtner, M.; Burgers, A.R.R.; Bende, E.E.E.; Zamini, S.; Yerasimou, Y.; Kosel, J.; Hirschl, C.; Georghiou, G.E.E. Energy Yield Measurement of an Elevated PV System on a White Flat Roof and a Performance Comparison of Monofacial and Bifacial Modules. Renew. Energy 2021, 170, 613–619.
Mufti, G.; Asprou, M.; Panayiotou, C. Estimation of Residential PV Power Generation Using Panel Azimuth Information. In Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Smart Energy Systems and Technologies (SEST), Eindhoven, The Netherlands, 5–7 September 2022; pp. 1–6.
Muhammad Qamar Raza, Mithulananthan Nadarajah, Chandima Ekanayake. On recent advances in PV output power forecast. Solar Energy · July 2016. DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2016.06.073
Munanga, P.; Chinguwa, S.; Nyemba, W.R.; Mbohwa, C. Design for manufacture and assembly of an intelligent single axis solar tracking system. Procedia CIRP 2020, 91, 571–576.
Munir, H.; Jianfeng, C.; Ramzan, S. Personality traits and theory of planned behavior comparison of entrepreneurial intentions between an emerging economy and a developing country. Int. J. Entrep. Behav. Res. 2019, 25, 554–580.
Munshi, A.H.; Sasidharan, N.; Pinkayan, S.; Barth, K.L.; Sampath, W.S.; Ongsakul, W. Thin-film CdTe photovoltaics—The technology for utility scale sustainable energy generation. Sol. Energy 2018, 173, 511–516.
Murshed M, Chamana M, Schmitt KEK, Bhatta R, Adeyanju O, Bayne S. Design and performance analysis of a grid-connected distributed wind turbine. Energies. 2023;16(15):5778. doi: 10.3390/en16155778.
Mustafa, F.I.; Shakir, S.; Mustafa, F.F.; Naiyf, A.T. Simple design and implementation of solar tracking system two axis with four sensors for Baghdad city. In Proceedings of the 2018 9th International Renewable Energy Congress (IREC), Hammamet, Tunisia, 20–22 March 2018.
Mustafa, E.; Afia, R.S.; Tamus, Z.Á. Investigation of photovoltaic DC cable insulation integrity under Thermal Stress. In Proceedings of the 2020 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Dielectrics (ICD), Valencia, Spain, 5–31 July 2020; pp. 13–16.
Mutluer, M., Erat, A. (2019). “A new intelligent system design for cleaning the photovoltaic solar panel surface,” International Journal of Energy Applications and Technologies, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 8–16.
Mutumbi, U.; Thondhlana, G.; Ruwanza, S. Reported Behavioural Patterns of Electricity Use among Low-Income Households in Makhanda, South Africa. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7271.
Myers, D.R.; Gueymard, C.A. Description and Availability of the SMARTS Spectral Model for Photovoltaic Applications. In Organic Photovoltaics V; Kafafi, Z.H., Lane, P.A., Eds.; SPIE: Bellingham, WA, USA.
Myyas, R.N.; Al-Dabbasa, M.; Tostado-Véliz, M.; Jurado, F. A novel solar panel cleaning mechanism to improve performance and harvesting rainwater. Sol. Energy 2022, 237, 19–28.
Nabil MH, Barua J, Eiva URJ, Ullah MA, Chowdhury TA, Siddiquee SS, et al. Techno-economic analysis of commercialscale 15 MW on-grid ground solar PV systems in Bakalia: A feasibility study proposed for BPDB. Energy Nexus. 2024;14:100286. doi: 10.1016/j.nexus.2024.100286.
Nada, S.A.; El-Nagar, D.H. Possibility of Using PCMs in Temperature Control and Performance Enhancements of Free Stand and Building Integrated PV Modules. Renew. Energy 2018, 127, 630–641.
Nadia, A.-R.; Isa, N.A.M.; Desa, M.K.M. Efficient single and dual axis solar tracking system controllers based on adaptive neural fuzzy inference system. J. King Saud Univ.-Eng. Sci. 2020, 32, 459–469.
Nadjemi, O., T. Nacer, A. Hamidat, H. Salhi, “Optimal hybrid PV/wind energy system sizing: Application of cuckoo search algorithm for Algerian dairy farms,” Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev. 70, 1352–1365 (2017).
Nahar A, Hasanuzzaman M, Rahim NA. Numerical and experimental investigation on the performance of a photovoltaic thermal collector with parallel plate flow channel under different operating conditions in Malaysia. Sol Energy 2017;144: 517–28.
Nagarajan, (2018), “Ph.D. Greening the Grid: Best Practices for Grid Codes for Renewable Energy Generators”.
Nagy, R.L.; Hagspiel, V.; Kort, P.M. Green capacity investment under subsidy withdrawal risk. Energy Econ. 2021, 98, 105259.
Nair, D.R.; Nair, M.; Thakur, T. A Smart Microgrid System with Artificial Intelligence for Power-Sharing and Power Quality Improvement. Energies 2022, 15, 5409.
Najmi, N.; Rachid, A. A Review on Solar Panel Cleaning Systems and Techniques. Energies 2023, 16, 7960.
Nakamura, M.; Yamaguchi, K.; Kimoto, Y.; Yasaki, Y.; Kato, T.; Sugimoto, H. Cd-Free Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S)2 Thin-Film Solar Cell With Record Efficiency of 23.35%. IEEE J. Photovolt. 2019, 9, 1863–1867.
Nasrin R, Rahim NA, Fayaz H, Hasanuzzaman M. Water/MWCNT nanofluid based cooling system of PVT: experimental and numerical research. Renew Energy 2018;121:286–300.
National Grid, (2019), “Panel of Technical Experts 2019” https://www.gov.uk/ government/publications/national-grid-electricity-capacity-report-2019-findings-ofthe-panel-of-technical-experts
Navothna, B.; Thotakura, S. Analysis on Large-Scale Solar PV Plant Energy Performance–Loss–Degradation in Coastal Climates of India. Front. Energy Res. 2022, 10, 857948.
Ndiaye, C. M. F. Kebe, P. A. Ndiaye, A. Charki, A. Kobi, and V. Sambou, “Impact of dust on the photovoltaic (PV) modules characteristics after an exposition year in Sahelian environment: the case of Senegal,” International Journal of Physical Sciences, vol. 8, no. 21, pp. 1166–1173, 2013.
Navruz, T.S., 2008. Arabant yapılı güneş pillerinde verim optimizasyonu. Doktora, Gazi Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara, 1-143.
Naxakis, I.; Christodoulou, C.; Perraki, V.; Pyrgioti, E. Degradation effects on single crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules subjected to high impulse-voltages. IET Sci. Meas. Technol. 2017, 11, 563–570.
Navothna, B.; Thotakura, S. Analysis on Large-Scale Solar PV Plant Energy Performance–Loss–Degradation in Coastal Climates of India. Front. Energy Res. 2022, 10, 857948.
Nayshevsky, I.; Xu, Q.; Lyons, A.M. Hydrophobic-Hydrophilic Surfaces Exhibiting Dropwise Condensation for Anti-Soiling Applications. IEEE J. Photovolt. 2019, 9, 302–307.
Nazari, S.; Eslami, M. Impact of frame perforations on passive cooling of photovoltaic modules: CFD analysis of various patterns. Energy Convers. Manag. 2021, 239, 114228.
Nazri, M.S.M.; Rozlan, M.H.H.M. Development of dual axis solar tracker with IoT monitoring system. J. Eng. Technol. 2022, 10, 156–162.
Ndiaye, A.; Charki, A.; Kobi, A.; Kebe, C.M.; Ndiaye, P.A.; Sambou, V. Degradations of silicon photovoltaic modules: A literature review. Sol. Energy 2013, 96, 140–151.
Ndione, P.F.; Yin,W.-J.; Zhu, K.;Wei, S.-H.; Berry, J.J. Monitoring the stability of organometallic perovskite thin films. J. Mater. Chem. A 2015, 43, 21940–21945.
Needleman, D.B.; Poindexter, J.R.; Kurchin, R.C.; Peters, I.M.; Wilson, G.; Buonassisi, T. Economically sustainable scaling of photovoltaics to meet climate targets. Energy Environ. Sci. 2016, 9, 2122–2129.
Nemet, G.F. Beyond the learning curve: Factors influencing cost reductions in photovoltaics. Energy Policy 2006, 34, 3218–3232.
Nguyen, D.H.; Ahn, H.S. A comprehensive review on micro/nanoscale surface modification techniques for heat transfer enhancement in heat exchanger. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 2021, 178, 121601.
Nguyen, T.A.; Copp, D.A.; Byrne, R.H.; Chalamala, B.R. Market Evaluation of Energy Storage Systems Incorporating Technology Specific Nonlinear Models. IEEE Trans. Power Syst. 2019, 34, 3706–3715.
Nisar, H.; Kashif Janjua, A.; Hafeez, H.; Shakir, S.; Shahzad, N.; Waqas, A. Thermal and electrical performance of solar floating PV system compared to on-ground PV system-an experimental investigation. Sol. Energy 2022, 241, 231–247.
Niu, X.; Luo, X. Policies and Economic Efficiency for Distributed Photovoltaic and Energy Storage Industry. Distrib. Gener. Altern. Energy J. 2023, 38, 1197–1222.
Nižetic, S.; Coko, D.; Yadav, A.; Grubišic- Cabo, F. Water spray cooling technique applied on a photovoltaic panel: The performance ˇ response. Energy Convers. Manag. 2016, 108, 287–296.
Nižetic, S.; Grubiši´c-Cabo, F.; Marini´c-Kragi´c, I.; Papadopoulos, A.M. Experimental and numerical investigation of a backside ˇ convective cooling mechanism on photovoltaic panels. Energy 2016, 111, 211–225.
Nižetic, S.; Papadopoulos, A.; Giama, E. Comprehensive analysis and general economic-environmental. Energy Convers. Manag. 2017, 149, 334–354.
Nižetic, S.; Giama, E.; Papadopoulos, A. Comprehensive analysis and general economic-environmental evaluation of cooling techniques for photovoltaic panels, Part II: Active cooling techniques. Energy Convers. Manag. 2020, 155, 301–323.
Nižetic, S.; Marini´c-Kragic, I.; Grubišic-Cabo, F.; Papadopoulos, A.M.; Xie, G. Analysis of novel passive cooling strategies for ˇ free-standing silicon photovoltaic panels. J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. 2020, 141, 163–175.
Nketiah, E.; Song, H.; Adu-Gyamfi, G.; Obuobi, B.; Adjei, M.; Cudjoe, D. Does government involvement and awareness of benefit affect Ghanaian’s willingness to pay for renewable green electricity? Renew. Energy 2022, 197, 683–694.
Nnodim,C.T.; Kpu, G.C.; Okhuegbe, S.N.; Ajani, A.A.; Adebayo, S.; Diarah, R.S.; Aliyu, S.J.; Onokwai, A.O.; Osueke, C.O. Figures of Merit for Wind and Solar PV Integration in Electricity Grids. J. Sci. Ind. Res. 2022, 81, 349–357.
Nomeir, B.; Lakhouil, S.; Boukheir, S.; Ali, M.A.; Naamane, S. Recent progress on transparent and self-cleaning surfaces by superhydrophobic coatings deposition to optimize the cleaning process of solar panels. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2023, 257, 112347.
NECP_EU National Energy and Climate Plans for 2021–2030. Available online: https://www.iea.org/policies/16822-national energy-and-climate-plan-2021-2030 (accessed on 3 March 2024).
NREL. National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Electricity Generation: Update, September 2021.
NREL. Best Research-Cell Efficiency Chart. Available online: https://www.nrel.gov/pv/cell-efficiency.html (accessed on 17 November 2021).
NREL, (2015), https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy16osti/65023.pdf
NREL, (2017), “Grid-Connected Distributed Generation: Compensation Mechanism Basics”. https://www.nrel.gov/research/publications.html PV Magazine
NREL—National Renewable Energy Laboratory. PVWatts Calculator.
NREL Benefits of Agrivoltaics Across the Food-Energy-Water Nexus. Available online: https://www.nrel.gov/news/program/ 2019/benefits-of-agrivoltaics-across-the-food-energy-water-nexus.html (accessed on 9 June 2022).
NREL (2023). National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Archived from the original on March 14, 2023. Retrieved 2023-03-28.
NREL—National Renewable Energy Laboratory. PVWatts Calculator. Available online: https://pvwatts.nrel.gov/ (accessed on 4 April 2021).
Nour-Eddine, I.O.; Lahcen, B.; Fahd, O.H.; Amin, B.; Aziz, O. Outdoor performance analysis of different PV technologies under hot semi-arid climate. Energy Rep. 2020, 6, 36–48.
Nuwayhid, R.Y.; Mrad, F.; Abu-Said, R.J.R.E. The realization of a simple solar tracking concentrator for university research applications. Renew. Energy 2001, 24, 207–222.
NYT. The New York Times, Solar on the Water. 2011.
Obi, M.; Bass, R. Trends and challenges of grid-connected photovoltaic systems–A review. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2016, 58, 1082–1094.
Observ, E.R. The state of renewable energies in europe: Frankfurt School of Finance and Management (DE), Fraunhofer ISI (DE) and Statistics Netherlands (NL), Report, 18th EuroObserv’ER, Edition. 2013; Volume 33, p. 103.
OE. Offshore Engineering, Floating Solar Potential is Huge, But Not without Challenges, DNV Says. 2022.
Oh, T.; Jung, T.; Lee, J.; Choi, S.; Park, J.; Lee, H.; Shin, K. Analysis of the effect of reducing PV generation due to fine dust (PM10). In Proceedings of the Summer Conference of the Korean Electrical Society, Jeju-si, Republic of Korea, 18 June 2021; Volume 7, pp. 346–347.
Ohl, R.S. Light-Sensitive Electric Device Including Silicon. U.S. Patent No. 2,443,542, 15 June 1948.
Ohl, R.S. Light-Sensitive Electric Device. U.S. Patent US2402662A, 25 June 1946. Available online: https://patents.google.com/ patent/US2402662 (accessed on 3 December 2021).
Omazic, A.; Oreski, G.; Halwachs, M.; Eder, G.C.; Hirschl, C.; Neumaier, L.; Pinter, G.; Erceg, M. Relation between degradation of polymeric components in crystalline silicon PV module and climatic conditions: A literature review. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2019, 192, 123–133.
Ong, S.; Campbell, C.; Denholm, P.; Margolis, R.; Heath, G. Land-Use Requirements for Solar Power Plants in the United States; Nrel/Tp.
Ooshaksaraei P, Sopian K, Zaidi SH, Zulkifli R. Performance of four air-based photovoltaic thermal collectors configurations with bifacial solar cells. Renew Energy 2017;102:279–93.
Orr B, Akbarzadeh A, Mochizuki M, Singh R. A review of car waste heat recovery systems utilizing thermoelectric generators and heat pipes. Appl Therm Eng 2016;101:490–5.
Orosz, T.; Rassõlkin, A.; Arsénio, P.; Poór, P.; Valme, D.; Sleisz, Á. Current Challenges in Operation, Performance, and Maintenance of Photovoltaic Panels. Energies 2024, 17, 1306. https:// doi.org/10.3390/en17061306
Othman MY, Yatim B, Sopian K, Abu Bakar MN. Performance studies on a finned double-pass photovoltaic-thermal (PV/T) solar collector. Desalination 2007;209: 43–9.
Othman MY, Ibrahim A, Jin GL, Ruslan MH, Sopian K. Photovoltaic-thermal (PV/ T) technology – the future energy technology. Renew Energy 2013;49:171–4.
Othman, M.Y.; Hamid, S.A.; Tabook, M.A.S.; Sopian, K.; Roslan, M.H.; Ibarahim, Z. Performance analysis of PV/T Combi with water and air heating system: An experimental study. Renew. Energy 2016, 86, 716–722.
Othman MY, Hamid SA, Tabook MAS, Sopian K, Roslan MH, Ibarahim Z. Performance analysis of PV/T Combi with water and air heating system: an experimental study. Renew Energy 2016;86:716–22.
Othman, N.F.; Ya’acob, M.E.; Abdul-Rahim, A.S.; Hizam, H.; Farid, M.M.; Abd Aziz, S. Inculcating Herbal Plots as Effective Cooling Mechanism in Urban Planning. Acta Hortic. 2017, 1152, 235–242.
Otto, M.; Chagoya, K.L.; Blair, R.G.; Hick, S.M.; Kapat, J.S. Optimal hydrogen carrier: Holistic evaluation of hydrogen storage and transportation concepts for power generation, aviation, and transportation. J. Energy Storage 2022, 55, 105714.
Özdemir, S.; Sahin, G. Multi-criteria decision-making in the location selection for a solar PV power plant using AHP. Measurement 2018, 129, 218–226.
Özdemir, D., "Scientists just broke the record for the highest efficiency solar cell". interestingengineering.com. Retrieved 7 August 2023.
Öztürk, H. H., 2017. Tarımsal üretimde güneşten elektrik üretiminin tekno-ekonomik analizi. LAMBERT Publishing, Saarbrücken.
Öztürk, H. H., KAYA, D. 2013. Güneş enerjisinden elektrik üretimi: fotovoltaik teknoloji. Umuttepe Yayınları, Yayın No: 97, ISBN:978-605-5100-00-1.
Öztürk, H. H. 2008. Güneş enerjisi ve uygulamaları. BİRSEN Yayınevi, ISTANBUL, ISBN 978-975-511-502-3.
Özsoy, A.; Demirer, S.; Adam, N.M. An experimental study on double-glazed flat plate solar water heating system in Turkey. Appl. Mech. Mater. 2014, 564, 204–209.
Quaschning, V. Photovoltaic. In Understanding Renewable Energy Systems, 2nd ed.; Routledge, Ed.; Routledge: London, UK, 2016; pp. 156–239.
Quater, P.B.; Grimaccia, F.; Leva, S.; Mussetta, M.; Aghaei, M. Light Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for Cooperative Inspection of PV Plants. IEEE J. Photovolt. 2014, 4, 1107–1113.
Palaskar VN, Deshmukh SP. Design configurations of hybrid photovoltaic/ thermal solar system technology. Proceed Indian Natl Sci Acad 2012;78:725–34.
Palmero-Marrero, A.I.; Oliveira, A.C. Effect of louver shading devices on building energy requirements. Appl. Energy 2010, 87, 2040–2049.
Pang, W., Yanan, C., Zhang, Q., Wilson, G.J., Yan, H. (2020). A comparative analysis on performances of flat plate photovoltaic/thermal collectors in view of operating media, structural designs, and climate conditions. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 119 (2020) 109599.
Pannientakandi S., R. Gupta, and S. Manjoli, “Effect of local shunting on the electrical mismatch losses in industrial sili con photovoltaic modules,” International Journal of Power and Energy Research, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1–15, 2018.
Papadopoulou, A.G.; Vasileiou, G.; Flamos, A. A Comparison of Dispatchable RES Technoeconomics: Is There a Niche for Concentrated Solar Power? Energies 2020, 13, 4768.
Parise, G.; Martirano, L.; Parise, L. Life monitoring tool of insulated cables in photovoltaic installations. IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. 2013, 50, 2156–2163.
Parise, G.; Martirano, L.; Parise, L.; Gugliermetti, L.; Nardecchia, F. A life loss tool for an optimal management in the operation of insulated LV power cables. IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. 2018, 55, 167–173.
Park, K.; Lee, J.; Kim, S.; Park, K. Analysis of the Correlation between Climatic Elements and Electricity Generation of Building Integrated Photo Voltaic on Gymnasium Building’s Curtain Wall. J. Korean Sol. Energy Soc. 2012, 32, 8–14.
Parkunam, N.; Pandiyan, L.; Navaneethakrishnan, G.; Arul, S.; Vijayan, V. Experimental Analysis on Passive Cooling of Flat Photovoltaic Panel with Heat Sink and Wick Structure. Energy Sources Part A Recover. Util. Environ. Eff. 2020, 42, 653–663.
Parrott, J. (1979). "The limiting efficiency of an edge-illuminated multigap solar cell". Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics. 12 (3): 441–450.
Patel, B.; Gami, B.; Baria, V.; Patel, A.; Patel, P. Co-Generation of Solar Electricity and Agriculture Produce by Photovoltaic and Photosynthesis—Dual Model by Abellon, India. J. Sol. Energy Eng. 2019, 141, 1–9.
Pathak MJM, Sanders PG, Pearce JM. Optimizing limited solar roof access by exergy analysis of solar thermal, photovoltaic, and hybrid photovoltaic thermal systems. Appl Energy 2014;120:115–24.
Patil, P.A.; Bagi, J.S.; Wagh, M.M. A review on cleaning mechanism of solar photovoltaic panel. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Energy, Communication, Data Analytics and Soft Computing (ICECDS), Chennai, India, 1–2 August 2017.
Patsalides, M.; Evagorou, D.; Makrides, G.; Achillides, Z.; Georghiou, G.E.; Stavrou, A.; Efthimiou, V.; Zinsser, B.; Schmitt, W.; Werner, J.H. The Effect of Solar Irradiance on the Power Quality Behaviour of Grid Connected Photovoltaic Systems. Renew. Energy Power Qual. J. 2007, 1, 323–330.
Paulillo, A.; Striolo, A.; Lettieri, P. The environmental impacts and the carbon intensity of geothermal energy: A case study on the Hellisheiði plant. Environ. Int. 2019, 133, 105226.
Pavan, A.M.; Mellit, A.; de Pieri, D. The effect of soiling on energy production for large-scale photovoltaic plants. Sol. Energy 2011, 5, 1128–1136.
Pawar, P.; Pawale, P.; Nagthane, T.; Thakre, M.; Jangale, N. Performance enhancement of dual axis solar tracker system for solar panels using proteus ISIS 7.6 software package. Glob. Transit. Proc. 2021, 2, 455–460.
Peharz, G.; Siefer, G.; Bett, A.W. (2009). "A simple method for quantifying spectral impacts on multi-junction solar cells". Solar Energy. 83 (9): 1588–1598.
PEM (2025). Pathways for the Energy Mix. Available online: https://www.iea.org/reports/world-energy-outlook-2024/pathways-for-the-energy-mix (accessed on 10 December 2024).
Pen, E.F. Energy efficiency of photovoltaic panels when using holographic gratings as passive solar trackers. Optoelectron. Instrum. Data Process. 2019, 55, 271–279.
Pendyala, N.K.; Magdassi, S.; Etgar, L. Fabrication of Perovskite Solar Cells with Digital Control of Transparency by Inkjet Printing. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2021, 13, 30524–30532.
Peng, X.; Yuan, J.; Shen, S.; Gao, M.; Chesman, A.S.R.; Yin, H.; Cheng, J.; Zhang, Q.; Angmo, D. Perovskite and Organic Solar Cells Fabricated by Inkjet Printing: Progress and Prospects. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2017, 27, 1703704.
Peng, H.; Liu, Y. How government subsidies promote the growth of entrepreneurial companies in clean energy industry: An empirical study in China. J. Clean. Prod. 2018, 188, 508–520.
Peng, Z.; Yu, D.; Huang, D.; Heiser, J.; Yoo, S.; Kalb, P. 3D cloud detection and tracking system for solar forecast using multiple sky imagers. Sol. Energy 2015, 118, 496–519.
Peng, J.; Lu, L.; Yang, H. Review on life cycle assessment of energy payback and greenhouse gas emission of solar photovoltaic systems. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2013, 19, 255–274.
Perez, R.; Stewart, R.; Seals, R.; Guertin, T. The Development and Verification of the Perez Diffuse Radiation Model; Report Number SAND88-7030; Sandia National Laboratories: Albuquerque, NM, USA; Livermore, CA, USA, 1988.
Petela, R. 2003. Exergy of undiluted thermal radiation. Solar Energy; 74(6); 469–488.
Peterseim, J.H.; White, S.; Tadros, A.; Hellwig, U. Concentrating solar power hybrid plants—Enabling cost effective synergies. Renew. Energy 2014, 67, 178–185.
Petroleum, B. BP Statistical Review of world energy 2015. 2017, 66, 1–52.
Pham, T.T.; Vu, N.H.; Shin, S. Novel Design of Primary Optical Elements Based on a Linear Fresnel Lens for Concentrator Photovoltaic Technology. Energies 2019, 12, 1209.
Philibert, C.; Frankl, P.; Tam, C.; Abdelilah, Y.; Bahar, H.; Marchais, Q.; Wiesner, H. Technology Roadmap: Solar Photovoltaic Energy; International Energy Agency: Paris, France, 2014.
Pieri, E.; Kyprianou, A.; Phinikarides, A.; Makrides, G.; Georghiou, G.E. Forecasting degradation rates of different photovoltaic systems using robust principal component analysis and ARIMA. IET Renew. Power Gener. 2017, 11, 1245–1252.
Pierrick H, Christophe M, Leon G, Patrick D. Dynamic numerical model of a high efficiency PV-T collector integrated into a domestic hot water system. Sol Energy 2015;111:68–81.
Pietruszko, S.M.; Fetlinski, B.; Bialecki, M. Analysis of the performance of grid connected photovoltaic system. In Proceedings of the 34th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC), Philadelphia, PA, USA, 7–12 June 2009; pp. 48–51.
Pitt, D.; Congreve, A. Collaborative approaches to local climate change and clean energy initiatives in the USA and England. Local Environ. 2017, 22, 1124–1141.
Plischke, E. An adaptive correlation ratio method using the cumulative sum of the reordered output. Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. 2011, 107, 149–156.
Poirazis, H.; Blomsterberg, Å.; Wall, M. Energy simulations for glazed office buildings in Sweden. Energy Build. 2008, 40, 1161–1170.
Popovici, C.G.; Hudi¸steanu, S.V.; Mateescu, T.D.; Chereche¸s, N.-C. Efficiency Improvement of Photovoltaic Panels by Using Air Cooled Heat Sinks. Energy Procedia 2016, 85, 425–432.
Powell, K.M.; Rashid, K.; Ellingwood, K.; Tuttle, J.; Iverson, B.D. Hybrid concentrated solar thermal power systems: A review. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2017, 80, 215–237.
Poulek, V. Testing the new solar tracker with shape memory alloy actors. In Proceedings of the 1994 IEEE 1st World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion-WCPEC (A Joint Conference of PVSC, PVSEC and PSEC), Waikoloa, HI, USA, 5–9 December 1994; Volume 1.
Poulek, V.; Strebkov, D.S.; Persic, I.S.; Libra, M. Towards 50 years lifetime of PV panels laminated with silicone gel technology. Sol. Energy 2012, 86, 3103–3108.
Prakash, M.B.; Govindarajulu, K. Analysis and Testing of Dual Axis Solar Tracker for Standalone PV Systems Using Worm Gear. Int. J. Mod. Trends Sci. Technol. 2022, 8, 1–8.
Prasad, B.N.; Behura, A.K.; Prasad, L. Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer Analysis for Heat Transfer Enhancement in Three Sided Artificially Roughened Solar Air Heater. Sol. Energy 2014, 105, 27–35.
Prăvălie, R.; Patriche, C.; Bandoc, G. Spatial Assessment of Solar Energy Potential at Global Scale. A Geographical Approach. J. Clean. Prod. 2019, 209, 692–721.
Praveen, R.P.; Chandra Mouli, K.V.V. Performance enhancement of parabolic trough collector solar thermal power plants with thermal energy storage capability. Ain Shams Eng. J. 2022, 13, 101716.
Preet S, Bhushan B, Mahajan T. Experimental investigation of water based photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) system with and without phase change material (PCM). Sol Energy 2017;155:1104–20.
Preet S. Water and phase change material based photovoltaic thermal management systems: a review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2018;82:791–807.
Proedrou, E. A Comprehensive Review of Residential Electricity Load Profile Models. IEEE Access 2021, 9, 12114–12133.
Pu, L.; Liu, R.; Huang, H.; Zhang, S.; Qi, Z.; Xu, W.; Zhou, J. Experimental study of cyclic frosting and defrosting on microchannel heat exchangers with different coatings. Energy Build. 2020, 226, 110382.
Pulungan, A.B.; Risfendra, R.; Purwanto, W.; Maksum, H.; Setiawan, O. Design and development of real time monitoring single axis solar tracker by using internet of things. Int. J. Geomate 2020, 18, 81–87.
Purohit, A., Sharma, A., Arvınd, C., Nehra, S.P., Dhaka, M.S., 2015. A study on photovoltaic parameters of monocrystalline silicon solar cell with cell temperature. Energy Reports, 1 (2015) 104–109.
PVGIS. Photovoltaic Geographical Information System: Performance of Grid-Connected PV. Available online: https://re.jrc.ec. europa.eu/pvg_tools/en/ (accessed on 21 February 2024).
PVSyst, S.A. Calculation and Model. Available online: https://www.pvsyst.com/help/index.html?preliminary_design.htm (accessed on 25 September 2023).
Qiu Z, Ma X, Zhao X, Li P, Ali S. Experimental investigation of the energy per formance of a novel Micro-encapsulated Phase Change Material (MPCM) slurry based PV/T system. Appl Energy 2016;165:260–71.
Quansah, D.A.; Adaramola, M.S.; Takyi, G.; Edwin, I.A. Reliability and Degradation of Solar PV Modules—Case Study of 19-Year-Old Polycrystalline Modules in Ghana. Technologies 2017, 5, 22.
Radziemska, E., 2003. The effect of temperature on the power drop in crystalline silicon solar cells. Renew. Energy, 28, pp. 1–12.
Raga, S.R.; Fabregat-Santiago, F. Temperature effects in dyesensitized solar cells. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2013, 15, 2328–2336.
Rahman, M.M.; Salehin, S.; Ahmed, S.S.U.; Sadrul Islam, A.K.M. Environmental Impact Assessment of Different Renewable Energy Resources: A Recent Development. In Clean Energy for Sustainable Development; Academic Press: Cambridge, MA, USA, 2017; pp. 29–71.
Rahmani, A.; Mashayekh, J.; Aboojafari, R.; Naeini, A.B. Determinants of households’ intention for investment in renewable energy projects. Renew. Energy 2023, 205, 823–837.
Rahou M, Othman MY, Mat S, Ibrahim A. Performance study of a photovoltaic thermal system with an oscillatory flow design. J Sol Energy Eng Trans ASME 2014;136.
Raimundo, R.; Lameirinhas, R.A.; Fernandes, C.A.F.; Torres, J.P.N. Comparative Analysis of Organic and Inorganic Solar Cells. In Proceedings of the 2021 Telecoms Conference (ConfTELE), Leiria, Portugal, 11–12 February 2021; pp. 1–6.
Rakesh, N. S. Banerjee, S. Subramaniam, and N. Babu, “A simplified method for fault detection and identification of mismatch modules and strings in a grid-tied solar photovol taic system,” International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems, vol. 21, no. 4, 2020.
Rohouma, W.; Molokhia, I.; Esuri, A. Comparative study of different PV modules configuration reliability. Desalination 2007, 209, 122–128.
Ramadhan, R.A.A.; Heatubun, Y.R.J.; Tan, S.F.; Lee, H.J. Comparison of Physical and Machine Learning Models for Estimating Solar Irradiance and Photovoltaic Power. Renew. Energy 2021, 178, 1006–1019.
Ramaprabha, R.; Mathur, B.L. A Comprehensive Review and Analysis of Solar Photovoltaic Array Configurations under Partial Shaded Conditions. Int. J. Photoenergy 2012, 2012, 120214.
Ramasamy, S.; Baccoli, R.; Meo, S.; Gatto, G.; Kumar, A. Neutral Point Clamped Non-Isolated Three Phase Grid-Integrated PV Inverter Topologies for Leakage Current Reduction. Int. Rev. Electr. Eng. (IREE) 2023, 18,
Ramasamy, S.; Gatto, G.; Kumar, A. Various Non-Isolated Three Phase grid-integrated PV Inverter Topologies for Leakage Current Reduction—A simulation-based study. In Proceedings of the 2022 IEEE International Power and Renewable Energy Conference (IPRECON), Kollam, India, 16–18 December 2022; pp. 1–6.
Ramasamy V, Feldman D, Desai J, Margolis R. US solar photovoltaic system and energy storage cost benchmarks: Q1 2021. No. NREL/TP-7A40-80694. Golden (CO): National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL); 2021.
Ramli, E., M. A. Prasetyono, R. W. Wicaksana, N. A. Windarko, K. Sedraoui, Y. A. Al-Turki, “On the investigation of photovoltaic output power reduc tion due to dust accumulation and weather conditions,” Renewable Energy 99, 836–844 (2016).
Rani, P.; Singh, O.; Pandey, S. An analysis on arduino based single axis solar tracker. In Proceedings of the 2018 5th IEEE Uttar Pradesh Section International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (UPCON), Gorakhpur, India, 2–4 November 2018.
Rathinadurai Louis, J.; Shanmugham, S.; Gunasekar, K.; Atla, N.R.; Murugesan, K. Effective Utilisation and Efficient Maximum Power Extraction in Partially Shaded Photo- Voltaic Systems Using Minimum-Distance-Average-Based Clustering Algorithm. IET Renew. Power Gener. 2016, 10, 319–326.
Razeghi, M.; Hajinezhad, A.; Naseri, A.; Noorollahi, Y.; Farhan Moosavian, S. Multi-criteria decision-making for selecting a solar farm location to supply energy to reverse osmosis devices and produce freshwater using GIS in Iran. Sol. Energy 2023, 253, 501–514.
Raya-Armenta, J.M.; Bazmohammadi, N.; Vasquez, J.C.; Guerrero, J.M. A short review of radiation-induced degradation of III–V photovoltaic cells for space applications. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2021, 233, 111379.
Razmi, A.R.; Heydari Afshar, H.; Pourahmadiyan, A.; Torabi, M. Investigation of a combined heat and power (CHP) system based on biomass and compressed air energy storage (CAES). Sustain. Energy Technol. Assess. 2021, 46, 101253.
Razykov, T.M.; Ferekides, C.S.; Morel, D.; Stefanakos, E.; Ullal, H.S.; Upadhyaya, H.M. Solar photovoltaic electricity: Current status and future prospects. Sol. Energy 2011, 85, 1580–1608.
Reddy, P.; Gupta, M.V.N.S.; Nundy, S.; Karthick, A.; Ghosh, A. Status of BIPV and BAPV System for Less Energy-Hungry Building in India—A Review. Appl. Sci. 2020, 10, 2337.
Rehman, S.; Mohandes, M.A.; Hussein, A.E.; Alhems, L.M.; Al-Shaikhi, A. Cleaning of Photovoltaic Panels Utilizing the Downward Thrust of a Drone. Energies 2022, 15, 8159.
Rehman S, Ahmed MA, Mohamed MH, Al-Sulaiman FA. Feasibility study of the grid connected 10 MW installed capacity PV power plants in Saudi Arabia. Renew Sustain Energy Rev. 2017;80:319–29. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.218.
Reich, N.H., Sark, W. G. J. H. M. V., Alsema, E.A., Lof, R.W., Schropp, R.E.I., Sinke, W.C., Turkenburg, W.C., 2009. Crystalline silicon cell performance at low light intensity. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, 93, pp. 1471–1481.
Rejeb O, Dhaou H, Jemni A. A numerical investigation of a photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) collector. Renew Energy 2015;77:43–50.
Rejeb O, Sardarabadi M, Menezo C, Passandideh-Fard M, Dhaou MH, Jemni A. Numerical and model validation of uncovered nanofluid sheet and tube type photovoltaic thermal solar system. Energy Convers Manag 2016;110:367–77.
Rekioua, D. Energy Storage Systems for Photovoltaic and Wind Systems: A Review. Energies 2023, 16, 3893.
Ren, H., C. Han, T. Guo, W. Pei, “Energy losses and voltage stability study in distribution network with distributed generation,” J. Appl. Math. 2014, 939482.
Riaz, M.H.; Imran, H.; Alam, H.; Alam, M.A.; Butt, N.Z.; Ashraful, M. Crop-Specific Optimization of Bifacial PV Arrays for Agrivoltaic Food-Energy Production: The Light-Productivity-Factor Approach. IEEE J. Photovolt. 2022, 12, 572–580.
Riaz, M.H.; Younas, R.; Imran, H.; Alam, M.A.; Butt, N.Z.; Younas, R.; Alam, M.A.; Butt, N.Z. Module Technology for Agrivoltaics: Vertical Bifacial Versus Tilted Monofacial Farms. IEEE J. Photovolt. 2021a, 11, 469–477.
Riaz, M.H.; Imran, H.; Younas, R.; Butt, N.Z. The Optimization of Vertical Bifacial Photovoltaic Farms for Efficient Agrivoltaic Systems. Sol. Energy 2021b, 230, 1004–1012.
Riaz, M.H.; Imran, H.; Butt, N.Z. Optimization of PV Array Density for Fixed Tilt Bifacial Solar Panels for Efficient Agrivoltaic Systems. In Proceedings of the 2020 47th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC), Calgary, AB, Canada, 15 June–21 August 2020; Volume 2020-June, pp. 1349–1352.
Richter, A.; Hermle, M.; Glunz. S.W. Reassessment of the Limiting Efficiency for Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells. IEEE J. Photovolt. 2013, 3, 1184–1191.
Rinaldi, F., F. Moghaddampoor, B. Najafi, R. Marchesi, “Economic feasibility analysis and optimization of hybrid renewable energy systems for rural electrification in Peru,” Clean Technol. Environ. Policy 23, 731–748 (2021).
Rinaldi, R.; Aprillia, B.S.; Ekaputri, C.; Reza, M. Design of open loop single axis solar tracker system. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering; IOP Publishing: Bristol, UK, 2020; Volume 982,
Roberts, M.B.; Bruce, A.; MacGill, I. Impact of shared battery energy storage systems on photovoltaic self-consumption and electricity bills in apartment buildings. Appl. Energy 2019, 245, 78–95.
Roca, A. Design and Modelling of a Large-Scale PV Plant. Master’s Thesis, Escola Tècnica Superior d’Enginyeria Industrial de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, 2018.
Romeo, A.; Artegiani, E. CdTe-Based Thin Film Solar Cells: Past, Present and Future. Energies 2021, 14, 1684. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/en14061684.
Romeo, A. McEvoy’s Handbook of Photovoltaics, 3rd ed.; Academic Press: Cambridge, MA, USA, 2018; pp. 309–369.
Rosa-Clot, M.; Marco Tina, G. Submerged and Floating Photovoltaic Systems; Academic Press: Cambridge, MA, USA, 2018.
Roslan, E.; Razak, A. Performance effect of applying paraffin wax on solar photovoltaic backplate. Indones. J. Electr. Eng. Comput. Sci. 2019, 14, 375–380.
Rosli, Mohd Afzanizam Mohd, Yap Joon Ping, Suhaimi Misha, Mohd Zaid Akop, Kamaruzzaman Sopian, Sohif Mat, Ali Najah Al-Shamani, and Muhammad Asraf Saruni. "Simulation Study of Computational Fluid Dynamics on Photovoltaic Thermal Water Collector with Different Designs of Absorber Tube." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 52, no. 1 (2018): 12-22.
Rostami, Z.; Rahimi, M.; Azimi, N. Using High-Frequency Ultrasound Waves and Nanofluid for Increasing the Efficiency and Cooling Performance of a PV Module. Energy Convers. Manag. 2018, 160, 141–149.
Rosyadah, M.; Kusumanto, R.; Dewi, T. Smart optimization of PV panel output using Fuzzy Logic Controller based solar tracker. Sinergi 2022, 26, 73–80.
Roth, P.; Georgiev, A.; Boudinov, H. Design and construction of a system for sun-tracking. Renew. Energy 2004, 29, 393–402.
Rounis, E.D.; Athienitis, A.; Stathopoulos, T. Review of air-based PV/T and BIPV/T systems—Performance and modelling. Renew. Energy 2021, 163, 1729–1753.
Roy, S., Sharmin, R.S., Ferdous, T., 2014. Performance analysis of mono-crystalline and poly-crystalline silicon solar cells under different climatic conditions: A comparative study. BRAC University.
Ruiz, H.S.; Sunarso, A.; Ibrahim-Bathis, K.; Murti, S.A.; Budiarto, I. GIS-AHP Multi Criteria Decision Analysis for the optimal location of solar energy plants at Indonesia. Energy Rep. 2020, 6, 3249–3263.
Runkle, B.E. Interactions of Light, CO2 and Temperature on Photosynthesis; GNP; Michigan State University: East Lansing, MI, USA, 2015; Volume 2015.
Rühle S. (2016). "Tabulated values of the Shockley–Queisser limit for single junction solar cells". Solar Energy. 130: 139–147.
Saaty, T.L., 1980. The analytic hierarchy process: planning, priority setting, resource allocation. McGraw-Hill International Book Co.
Sabry, M., Ghitas, A.E., 2008. Influence of temperature on methods for determining Silicon solar cell series resistance. J. Sol. Energy Eng., 129 (2008), pp. 331–335.
Saeedi, M.; Effatnejad, R. A new design of dual-axis solar tracking system with LDR sensors by using the wheatstone bridge circuit. IEEE Sens. J. 2021, 21, 14915–14922.
Safan, Y.M.; Shaaban, S.; El-Sebah, M.I.A. Performance evaluation of a multi-degree of freedom hybrid controlled dual axis solar tracking system. Sol. Energy 2018, 170, 576–585.
Safi, T.S.; Munday, J.N. Improving photovoltaic performance through radiative cooling in both terrestrial and extraterrestrial environments. Opt. Express 2015, 23, A1120–A1128.
Sahoo, S.K.; Maiti, S.; Das, S. An artificial intelligence based predictive maintenance model for photovoltaic system. Renew. Energy 2019, 141, 174–184.
Sahu, B.K. A study on global solar PV energy developments and policies with special focus on the top ten solar PV power producing countries. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2015, 43, 621–634.
Sahu, B.K. A study on global solar PV energy developments and policies with special focus on the top ten solar PV power producing countries. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2015, 43, 621–634.
Sahu, A.; Yadav, N.; Sudhakar, K. Floating photovoltaic power plant: A review. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2016, 66, 815–824.
Saga, T. Advances in crystalline silicon solar cell technology for industrial mass production. NPG Asia Mater. 2010, 2, 96–102.
Sakhr M, Sultan MNEE. Review on recent Photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T) technology advances and applications. Sol Energy 2018;173:939–54.
Salem MR, Elsayed MM, Abd-Elaziz AA, Elshazly KM. Performance enhancement of the photovoltaic cells using Al2O3/PCM mixture and/or water cooling-techniques. Renew Energy 2019;138:876–90.
Salimi, H.; Mirabdolah Lavasani, A.; Ahmadi-Danesh-Ashtiani, H.; Fazaeli, R. Effect of dust concentration, wind speed, and relative humidity on the performance of photovoltaic panels in Tehran. Energy Sources Part A Recover. Util. Environ. Eff. 2023, 45, 7867–7877.
Salinas-Herrera, F.; Moeini, A.; Kamwa, I. Survey of Simulation Tools to Assess Techno-Economic Benefits of Smart Grid Technology in Integrated T&D Systems. Sustainability 2022, 14, 8108.
Saloux, E., Teyssedou, A., Sorin, M., 2011. Explicit model of photovoltaic panels to determine voltages and currents at the maximum power point. Solar Energy 85(5): 713–722.
Said Z, Arora S, Bellos E. A review on performance and environmental effects of conventional and nanofluid-based thermal photovoltaics. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2018;94:302–16.
Said, S.A.; Walwil, H.M. Fundamental studies on dust fouling effects on PV module performance. Sol. Energy 2014, 107, 328–337.
Said, Z.; Arora, S.; Bellos, E. A Review on Performance and Environmental Effects of Conventional and Nanofluid-Based Thermal Photovoltaics. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2018, 94, 302–316.
Saidan, M.; Albaali, A.G.; Alasis, E.; Kaldellis, J.K. Experimental study on the effect of dust deposition on solar photovoltaic panels in desert environment. Renew. Energy 2016, 92, 499–505.
Saifuzzaman, M.; Shetu, S.F.; Moon, N.N.; Nur, F.N.; Ali, M.H. IoT based street lighting using dual axis solar tracker and effective traffic management system using deep learning: Bangladesh context. In Proceedings of the 2020 11th International Conference on Computing, Communication and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT), Kharagpur, India, 1–3 July 2020.
Saitoh H, Hamada Y, Kubota H, Nakamura M, Ochifuji K, Yokoyama S, et al. Field experiments and analyses on a hybrid solar collector. Appl Therm Eng 2003;23: 2089–105.
Saive, R.; Russell, T.C.R.R.; Atwater, H.A. Enhancing the Power Output of Bifacial Solar Modules by Applying Effectively Transparent Contacts (ETCs) With Light Trapping. IEEE J. Photovolt. 2018, 8, 1183–1189.
Sajjad, U.; Amer, M.; Muhammad, H.; Dahiya, A. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering Cost Effective Cooling of Photovoltaic Modules to Improve Efficiency. Case Stud. Therm. Eng. 2019, 14, 100420.
Sakarapunthip, N.; Chenvidhya, D.; Chuangchote, S.; Kirtikara, K.; Chenvidhya, T.; Onreabroy, W. Effects of dust accumulation and module cleaning on performance ratio of solar rooftop system and solar power plants. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 2017, 56, 08ME02.
Sandeep S, Joshi ASD. Photovoltaic -Thermal systems (PVT): technology review and future trends. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2018;92:848–82.
Santbergen R, Rindt CCM, Zondag HA, van Zolingen RJC. Detailed analysis of the energy yield of systems with covered sheet-and-tube PVT collectors. Sol Energy 2010;84:867–78.
Santhosh, P.; Kathiravan, G.; Jayaram, M.; Deepanraj, M.; Ajhai Kumar, L.; Devipriya, N. IoT Based Supervisory and Diagnosis System for Solar Farm. In Proceedings of the 2023 9th International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems (ICACCS), Coimbatore, India, 17–18 March 2023; pp. 914–918.
Santhosh, P.; Singh, A.K.S.; Ajay, M.; Gaayathry, K.; Haran, H.S.; Gowtham, S. IoT based Monitoring and Optimizing of Energy Utilization of Domestic and Industrial Loads. In Proceedings of the 2021 5th International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Control Systems (ICICCS), Madurai, India, 6–8 May 2021; pp. 393–397.
Santos-Alamillos, F.J.; Pozo-Vázquez, D.; Ruiz-Arias, J.A.; Lara-Fanego, V.; Tovar-Pescador, J. Analysis of Spatiotemporal Balancing between Wind and Solar Energy Resources in the Southern Iberian Peninsula. J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. 2012, 51, 2005–2024.
Santos, F.R.d.; Wiecheteck, G.K.; Virgens Filho, J.S.d.; Carranza, G.A.; Chambers, T.L.; Fekih, A. Effects of a Floating Photovoltaic System on the Water Evaporation Rate in the Passaúna Reservoir, Brazil. Energies 2022, 15, 6274.
Santos, C.D. Agrivoltaic System: A Possible Synergy between Agriculture and Solar Energy. Master’s Thesis, KTH Industrial Engineering and Management, Stockholm, Sweden, 2020.
Saran, A., Prasad, B., Chandril, S., Singh, S.P., Saxena, A.K., Pathak, M., Chahar, N., Bhattacharya, S., 2013. Study of temperature on performance of c-Si homo junction and a-Si/c-Si heterojunction solar cells Int. J. Renew. Energy Res., 3 (3), pp. 707–710.
Saravanan, V.S.; Darvekar, S.K. Solar Photovoltaic Panels Cleaning Methods: A Review. Int. J. Pure Appl. Math. 2018, 118, 1–17.
Sardarabadi, M.; Passandideh-Fard, M. Experimental and Numerical Study of Metal-Oxides/Water Nanofluids as Coolant in Photovoltaic Thermal Systems (PVT) Sardarabadi. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2016, 157, 533–542.
Sardarabadi M, Passandideh-Fard M, Zeinali Heris S. Experimental investigation of the effects of silica/water nanofluid on PV/T (photovoltaic thermal units). Energy 2014;66:264–72.
Sardarabadi M, Hosseinzadeh M, Kazemian A, Passandideh-Fard M. Experimental investigation of the effects of using metal-oxides/water nanofluids on a photovoltaic thermal system (PVT) from energy and exergy viewpoints. Energy 2017;138:682–95.
Sargunanathan, S.; Ramanathan, K.; Mohideen, S.T.; Suresh, S. Enhancing the Performance of the Standalone Rooftop SPV Module during Peak Solar Irradiance and Ambient Temperature by the Active Cooling of the Rear Surface with Spraying Water and the Front Surface with Overflowing Water. Int. J. Photoenergy 2020, 2020, 8826966.
Sargunanathan, S.; Elango, A.; Mohideen, S.T. Performance Enhancement of Solar Photovoltaic Cells Using Effective Cooling Methods: A Review. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2016, 64, 382–393.
Sarhaddi F, Farahat S, Ajam H, Behzadmehr A, Mahdavi Adeli M. An improved thermal and electrical model for a solar photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) air collector. Appl Energy 2010;87:2328–39.
Sarhaddi F, Farahat S, Ajam H, Behzadmehr A. Exergetic performance assessment of a solar photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) air collector. Energy Build 2010;42: 2184–99.
Sarkar, E.M.; Sarkar, T.; Bharadwaj, M.D. Lithium-ion battery supply chain: Enabling national electric vehicle and renewables targets. Curr. Sci. 2018, 114, 2453–2458.
Sarita, K.; Saket, R.; Khan, B. Reliability, availability, and condition monitoring of inverters of grid-connected solar photovoltaic systems. IET Renew. Power Gener. 2023, 17, 1635–1653.
Saputra, I.D.; Sajayasa, I.M.; Suryawan, I.K.; Sugirianta, I.; Purbhawa, I.M.; Putra, I.M.E. A New Approach in Controlling A Single Axis Solar Tracker Based on Photovoltaic Output. In Proceedings of the 2021 7th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Information Engineering (ICEEIE), Malang, Indonesia, 2 October 2021.
Sarquis Filho, E.A.; Santos, F.C.; Costa Branco, P.J. Development of Predictive Maintenance Algorithms for Photovoltaic Systems Using Synthetic Datasets. In Proceedings of the 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, Online, 7–11 September 2020; pp. 1584–1589.
Sathyamurthy, R.; Kabeel, A.E.; Chamkha, A.; Karthick, A.; Muthu Manokar, A.; Sumithra, M.G. Experimental investigation on cooling the photovoltaic panel using hybrid nanofluids. Appl. Nanosci. 2020, 11, 363–374.
Satsangi, K.P.; Das, D.B.; Babu, G.S.; Saxena, A. Real time performance of solar photovoltaic microgrid in India focusing on self-consumption in institutional buildings. Energy Sustain. Dev. 2019, 52, 40–51.
Sawant, A.; Bondre, D.; Joshi, A.; Tambavekar, P.; Deshmukh, A. Design and analysis of automated dual axis solar tracker based on light sensors. In Proceedings of the 2018 2nd International Conference on I-SMAC (IoT in Social, Mobile, Analytics and Cloud) (I-SMAC)), Palladam, India, 30–31 August 2018.
Saygin H, Nowzari R, Mirzaei N, Aldabbagh LBY. Performance evaluation of a modified PV/T solar collector: a case study in design and analysis of experiment. Sol Energy 2017;141:210–21.
Saymbetov, A.; Mekhilef, S.; Kuttybay, N.; Nurgaliyev, M.; Tukymbekov, D.; Meiirkhanov, A.; Svanbayev, Y. Dual-axis schedule tracker with an adaptive algorithm for a strong scattering of sunbeam. Sol. Energy 2021, 224, 285–297.
Schittekatte, T.; Reif, V.; Meeus, L. Welcoming new entrants into European electricity markets. Energies 2021, 14, 4051.
Schmidt, J.; Cancella, R.; Pereira, A.O. The Role of Wind Power and Solar PV in Reducing Risks in the Brazilian Hydro-Thermal Power System. Energy 2016, 115, 1748–1757.
Schulte, K.L.; France, R.M.; Geisz, J.F. Highly Transparent Compositionally Graded Buffers for New Metamorphic Multijunction Solar Cell Designs. IEEE J. Photovolt. 2017, 7, 347–353.
Schultz, H.S.; Carvalho, M. Design, Greenhouse Emissions, and Environmental Payback of a Photovoltaic Solar Energy System. Energies 2022, 15, 6098.
Schulz, V.S.; Munz, S.; Stolzenburg, K.; Hartung, J.; Weisenburger, S.; Graeff-Hönninger, S. Impact of Different Shading Levels on Growth, Yield and Quality of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Agronomy 2019, 9, 330.
Schygulla, Patrick; Beutel, Paul; Heckelmann, Stefan; Höhn, Oliver; Klitzke, Malte; Schön, Jonas; Oliva, Eduard; Predan, Felix; Schachtner, Michael; Siefer, Gerald; Helmers, Henning; Dimroth, Frank; Lackner, David (2022). Quadruple Junction Solar Cell with 47.6 % Conversion Efficiency under Concentration. International Conference on Metal Organic Vapor Phase Epitaxy 2022.
Seifi, A.; Salari, D.; Khataee, A.; Ço¸sut, B.; Arslan, L.; Niaei, A. Enhanced photocatalytic activity of highly transparent superhy drophilic doped TiO2 thin films for improving the self-cleaning property of solar panel covers. Ceram. Int. 2023, 49, 1678–1689.
Sekiyama, T.; Nagashima, A. Solar Sharing for Both Food and Clean Energy Production: Performance of Agrivoltaic Systems for Corn, A Typical Shade-Intolerant Crop. Environments 2019, 6, 65.
Selvakumar, N.; Krupanidhi, S.B.; Barshilia, H.C. Carbon Nanotube-Based Tandem Absorber with Tunable Spectral Selectivity: Transition from Near-Perfect Blackbody Absorber to Solar Selective Absorber. Adv. Mater. 2014, 26, 2552–2557.
Sen, S.; Ganguly, S. Opportunities, barriers and issues with renewable energy development–A discussion. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2017, 69, 1170–1181.
Senay, G. 2011. Çok eklemli güneş pillerinde detaylı denge modeli ile verim optimizasyonu. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Elektrik-Elektronik Müh. Anabilim Dalı, Ankara.
Sendstad, L.H.; Hagspiel, V.; Mikkelsen, W.J.; Ravndal, R.; Tveitstøl, M. The impact of subsidy retraction on European renewable energy investments. Energy Policy 2022, 160, 112675.
Sens L, Neuling U, Kaltschmitt M. Capital expenditure and levelized cost of electricity of photovoltaic plants and wind turbines–Development by 2050. Renew Energy. 2022;185:525–37. doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2021.12.042.
Sepeai, S.; Sulaiman, M.Y.; Sopian, K.; Zaidi, S.H. Investigation of Back Surface Fields Effect on Bifacial Solar Cells. In AIP Conference Proceedings; American Institute of Physics: College Park, MD, USA, 2012; Volume 1502, pp. 322–335.
Šerešová, M.; Štefanica, J.; Vitvarová, M.; Zakuciová, K.; Wolf, P.; Kocí, V. Life cycle performance of various energy sources used in the Czech Republic. Energies 2020, 13, 5833.
Sethi, V.K. M. Pandey, and P. Shukla, “Thin-film photovoltaic cell compared to mono crystalline photovoltaic cell and multi crystalline photovoltaic cell,” International Journal of Advanced Renewable Energy Research, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 117– 125, 2012.
Shakouria, M., Ebadib, Hossein., Gorjian, S., (2020). Solar photovoltaic thermal (PVT) module technologies. Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conversion.
Shan F, Tang F, Cao L, Fang G. Comparative simulation analyses on dynamic performances of photovoltaic–thermal solar collectors with different configura tions. Energy Convers Manage 2014;87:778–86.
Sharath, B.N.; Madhu, K.S.; Pradeep, D.G.; Madhu, P.; Premkumar, B.G.; Karthik, S. Conjectured hybrid power with artificial intelligence and single-axis solar tracking wind turbine. Int. J. Energy Water Resour. 2023.
Sharma, S.K., Im, H., Kim, D.Y., Mehra, R.M., 2015. Review on Se-and S-doped hydrogenated amorphous silicon films. Indian J. Pure Appl. Phys., 52, pp. 293–313.
Sharma, M.K.; Kumar, D.; Dhundhara, S.; Gaur, D.; Verma, Y.P. Optimal Tilt Angle Determination for PV Panels Using Real Time Data Acquisition. Glob. Chall. 2020, 4, 1900109.
Sharma, V.; Chandel, S.S. Performance and degradation analysis for long term reliability of solar photovoltaic systems: A review. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2013, 27, 753–767.
Sheikh, A.D.; Munir, R.; Haque, M.A.; Bera, A.; Hu, W.; Shaikh, P.; Amassian, A.; Wu, T. Effects of High Temperature and Thermal Cycling on the Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells: Acceleration of Charge Recombination and Deterioration of Charge Extraction. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2017, 9, 35018–35029.
Shepherd, J.; Haider Ali Khan, M.; Amal, R.; Daiyan, R.; MacGill, I. Open-Source Project Feasibility Tools for Supporting Development of the Green Ammonia Value Chain. Energy Convers. Manag. 2022, 274, 116413.
Sherwani, A.F., Usmani, J.A., Varun. 2011. Life cycle assessment of solar PV based electricity generation systems: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 14, 540–544.
Shockley, W; Queisser, H.A. (1961). "Detailed Balance Limit of Efficiency of p-n Junction Solar Cells". Journal of Applied Physics. 32 (3): 510.
Shoukry, I.; Libal, J.; Kopecek, R.; Wefringhaus, E.; Werner, J. Modelling of Bifacial Gain for Stand-Alone and in-Field Installed Bifacial PV Modules. Energy Procedia 2016, 92, 600–608.
Shufat, S.; Kurt, E.; Hançerlioğullari, A. Modeling and design of azimuth-altitude dual axis solar tracker for maximum solar energy generation. Int. J. Renew. Energy Dev.-IJRED 2019, 8, 7–13.
SHURA, (2020a), “Türkiye Elektrik Sistemi için En Ekonomik Katkı: Enerji Verimliliği ve Yeni İş Modelleri: Enerji Verimliliği Çözümü: Sistem Verimliliği”. SHURA Enerji Dönüşümü Merkezi.
SHURA, (2020b) “Binalarda Çatı Üstü Güneş Enerjisi Potansiyeli – Türkiye’de Çatı Üstü Güneş Enerjisi Sistemlerinin Hayata Geçmesi için Finansman Modelleri ve Politikaları”. SHURA Enerji Dönüşümü Merkezi.
SHURA, (2020c), “Türkiye enerji dönüşümünü hızlandırmak için 2020 yılı sonrası düzenleyici politika mekanizması seçenekleri: Şebeke ölçeğinde ve dağıtık güneş ve rüzgâr enerjisi kapasite kurulumları”. SHURA Enerji Dönüşümü Merkezi.
SHURA, (2020d), “Salgın Sonrasında Enerji Dönüşümü ile Sürdürülebilir Büyüme”. SHURA Enerji Dönüşümü Merkezi.
SHURA, (2021). “Yenilenebilir Dağıtık Enerji Üretiminin Şebeke ve Piyasa Entegrasyonu”. SHURA Enerji Dönüşümü Merkezi.
Si, Z.; Yang, M.; Yu, Y.; Ding, T. Photovoltaic power forecast based on satellite images considering effects of solar position. Appl. Energy 2021, 302, 117514.
Sidek, M.H.M.; Azis, N.; Hasan, W.Z.W.; Ab Kadir, M.Z.A.; Shafie, S.; Radzi, M.A.M. Automated positioning dual-axis solar tracking system with precision elevation and azimuth angle control. Energy 2017, 124, 160–170.
Siecker, J.; Kusakana, K.; Numbi, B.P. A review of solar photovoltaic systems cooling technologies. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2017, 79, 192–203.
Siliu, L. Design, Synthesis and Study of Functional Organometallic Ruthenium Complexes for Dyesensitized Solar Cells and Photoelectrochemical Cells. Ph.D. Thesis, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France, 2018.
Silva, J.L.D.S.; Costa, T.S.; De Melo, K.B.; Sako, E.Y.; Moreira, H.S.; Villalva, M.G. A Comparative Performance of PV Power Simulation Software with an Installed PV Plant. Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Ind. Technol. 2020, 2020, 531–535.
Silva, A.R.; Pousinho, H.M.I.; Estanqueiro, A. A Multistage Stochastic Approach for the Optimal Bidding of Variable Renewable Energy in the Day-Ahead, Intraday and Balancing Markets. Energy 2022, 258, 124856.
Silverman, T.J.; Deceglie, M.G.; Marion, B.; Cowley, S.; Kayes, B.; Kurtz, S. Outdoor performance of a thin-film galliumarsenide photovoltaic module. In Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE 39th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC), Tampa, FL, USA, 16–21 June 2013; pp. 103–108.
Singh P, Ravindra NM. Temperature dependence of solar cell performance—an analysis. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 2012;101:36–45.
Singh, S.; Alharthi, M.; Anand, A. Performance evaluation and financial viability analysis of grid associated 10 MWP solar photovoltaic power plant at UP India. Sci. Rep. 2022, 12, 22380.
Singh, P, Singh S, Lal M, Husain M. Temperature dependence of I–V characteristics and performance parameters of silicon solar cell. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 2008; 92:1611–6.
Singh, P.; Khanna, S.; Newar, S.; Sharma, V.; Reddy, K.; Mallick, T.; Becerra, V.; Radulovic, J.; Hutchinson, D.; Khusainov, R. Solar Photovoltaic Panels with Finned Phase Change Material Heat Sinks. Energies 2020, 13, 2558.
Singh, P.; Ravindra, N.M. Temperature dependence of solar cell performance—An analysis. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2012, 101, 36–45.
Singh, S., S. C. Kaushik, “Optimal sizing of grid integrated hybrid PV biomass energy system using artificial bee colony algorithm,” IET Renewable Power Gener. 10, 642–650 (2016)
Siva Reddy, V.; Kaushik, S.C.; Ranjan, K.R.; Tyagi, S.K. State-of-the-art of solar thermal power plants—A review. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2013, 27, 258–273.
Siruvuri, S.V.; Budarapu, P.R.; Paggi, M. Current-voltage characteristics of Silicon based solar cells in the presence of cracks: MD simulations. Semicond. Sci. Technol. 2021, 37, 025011.
Sivashankar, M.; Selvam, C.; Manikandan, S. A review on the selection of phase change materials for photovoltaic thermal management. IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 2021, 1130, 012026.
Skoplaki E, Palyvos JA. Operating temperature of photovoltaic modules: a survey of pertinent correlations. Renew Energy 2009;34:23–9.
Skoplaki, E., Palyvos J.A., 2009. On the temperature dependence of photovoltaic module electrical performance: A review of efficiency/powercorrelations.Sol. Energy, 83, pp. 614–624.
Slimani MEA, Amirat M, Kurucz I, Bahria S, Hamidat A, Chaouch WB. A detailed thermal-electrical model of three photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) hybrid air collectors and photovoltaic (PV) module: comparative study under Algiers climatic conditions. Energy Convers Manag 2017;133:458–76.
Slimani MEA, Amirat M, Bahria S, Kurucz I, Aouli M, Sellami R. Study and modeling of energy performance of a hybrid photovoltaic/thermal solar collector: configuration suit able for an indirect solar dryer. Energy Convers Manag 2016;125:209–21.
Smallwood, K.S. Utility-scale solar impacts to volant wildlife. J. Wildl. Manag. 2022, 86, e22216.
Sobhnamayan F, Sarhaddi F, Alavi MA, Farahat S, Yazdanpanahi J. Optimization of a solar photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) water collector based on exergy concept. Renew Energy 2014;68:356–65.
Sofia, S.E.; Mailoa, J.P.; Weiss, D.N.; Stanbery, B.J.; Buonassisi, T.; Peters, I.M. Economic viability of thin-film tandem solar modules in the United States /639/4077/909/4101/4096 /706/4066/4068 article. Nat. Energy 2018, 3, 387–394.
Sofia, SE., Wang, H., Bruno, A., Cruz-Campa, J.L., Buonassisi, T., Peters, I.M., Roadmap for cost-effective, commercially-viable perovskite silicon tandems for the current and future PV market.
Solanki, C. S., 2013. Solar photovoltaics: Fundamentals technologies and applications. PHI Learning Private Limited, New Delhi.
Solar Generation, V. Solar Electricity for over One Billion People and Two Million Jobs by 2020; European Photovoltaic Industry Association: Brussels, Belgium, 2008.
Son, J.; Kundu, S.; Verma, L.K.; Sakhuja, M.; Danner, A.J.; Bhatia, C.S.; Yang, H. A Practical Super Hydrophilic Self Cleaning and Antireflective Surface for Outdoor Photovoltaic Applications. Sol. Energy Mater. Cells 2012, 98, 46–51.
Song, J.; Zhu, Y.; Jin, Z.; Yang, Y. Daylighting system via fibers based on two-stage sun-tracking model. Sol. Energy 2014, 108, 331–339.
Sopori, B.; Basnyat, P.; Devayajanam, S.; Shet, S.; Mehta, V.; Binns, J.; Appel, J. Understanding light-induced degradation of c-Si solar cells. In Proceedings of the 2012 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, Austin, TX, USA, 3–8 June 2012; pp. 001115–001120.
Spampinato,C.;Valastro,S.;Calogero,G.;Smecca,E.;Mannino,G.;Arena,V.;Balestrini,R.; Sillo,F.; Ciná,L.; Magna,A.L.; etal. Improved radicchio seedling growth under CsPbI3 perovskite rooftop in a laboratory-scale greenhouse for Agrivoltaics application. Nat. Commun. 2025, 16, 2190.
SPE, (2022). SolarPower Europe, Global Market Outlook For Solar Power 2022 – 2026. ISBN: 9789464518610.
Speirs, M.J.; Dirin, D.N.; Abdu-Aguye, M.; Balazs, D.M.; Kovalenko, M. V.; Loi, M. A. Temperature dependent behaviour of lead sulfide quantum dot solar cells and films. Energy Environ. Sci. 2016, 9, 2916–2924.
Sridevi, H.; Bothra, S. Predictive Maintenance of Lead-Acid Batteries Using Machine Learning Algorithms. In Emerging Research in Computing, Information, Communication and Applications; Shetty, N., Patnaik, L., Prasad, N., Eds.; Springer: Singapore, 2023; Volume 928.
Srinivas, V.L.; Singh, B.; Mishra, S. Finite Control-Set Model Predictive Control for Leakage Current Suppression in Grid Interfaced Solar PV System. In Proceedings of the 2020 IEEE 5th International Conference on Computing Communication and Automation (ICCCA), Greater Noida, India, 30–31 October 2020; pp. 675–680.
Srinivasan, A., S. Devakirubakaran, and B. M. Sundaram, “Mitigation of mismatch losses in solar PV system- Two step reconfiguration approach,” Solar Energy, vol. 206, pp. 640–654, 2020.
Srisuriyajan, W.; Thongchaisuratkrul, C. The model of solar power plant efficiency improvement: A case study in Lampang, Thailand. In Proceedings of the 2018 International Conference on Robotics, Control and Automation Engineering, Beijing, China, 26–28 December 2018; pp. 10–14.
Srivastava, R.; Tiwari, A.N.; Giri, V.K. An Overview on Performance of PV Plants Commissioned at Different Places in the World. Energy Sustain. Dev. 2020, 54, 51–59.
Staffell I, Green R. How does wind farm performance decline with age? Renew Energy. 2014;66:775–86. doi: 10.1016/j.re nene.2013.10.041.
Stala-Szlugaj, K.; Olczak, P.; Kulpa, J.; Soltysik, M. Methodology for Selecting a Location for a Photovoltaic Farm on the Example of Poland. Energies 2024, 17, 2394. https:// doi.org/10.3390/en17102394.
Stamatakis, A.; Mandalaki, M.; Tsoutsos, T. Multi-criteria analysis for PV integrated in shading devices for Mediterranean region. Energy Build. 2016, 117, 128–137.
Stamatakis, M.E.; Stamataki, E.E.; Stamelos, A.P.; Ioannides, M.G. Energy Management in a Super-Tanker Powered by Solar, Wind, Hydrogen and Boil-Off Gas for Saving CO2 Emissions. Electronics 2024, 13, 1567.
Stanley C, Mojiri A, Rahat M, Blakers A, Rosengarten G. Performance testing of a spec tral beam splitting hybrid PVT solar receiver for linear concentrators. Appl Energy 2016;168:303–13.
Stein, J.S.; Reise, C.; Castro, J.B.; Friesen, G.; Maugeri, G.G.; Urrejola, E.E.; Ranta, S. Bifacial Photovoltaic Modules and Systems: Experience and Results from International Research and Pilot Applications; Sandia National Lab.(SNL-NM): Albuquerque, NM, USA; Livermore, CA, USA, 2021.
Stropnik R, Stritih U. Increasing the efficiency of PV panel with the use of PCM. Renew Energy 2016;97:671–9.
Stylos, N.; Koroneos, C. Carbon footprint of polycrystalline photovoltaic systems. J. Clean. Prod. 2014, 64, 639–645.
Su D, Jia Y, Alva G, Liu L, Fang G. Comparative analyses on dynamic performances of photovoltaic–thermal solar collectors integrated with phase change materials. Energy Convers Manage 2017;131:79–89.
Sukarso, A.P.; Kim, K.N. Cooling Effect on the Floating Solar PV: Performance and Economic Analysis on the Case of West Java Province in Indonesia. Energies 2020, 13, 2126.
Sukiman, N.L.; Zhou, X.; Birbilis, N.; Hughes, A.E.; Mol, J.M.C.; Garcia, S.J.; Zhou, X.; Thompson, G.E. Durability and corrosion of aluminium and its alloys: Overview, property space, techniques and developments. Alum. Alloys—New Trends Fabr. Appl. 2012, 5, 47–97.
Sun, Y.; Wang, Y.; Zhu, L.; Yin, B.; Xiang, H.; Huang, Q. Direct Liquid-Immersion Cooling of Concentrator Silicon Solar Cells in a Linear Concentrating Photovoltaic Receiver. Energy 2014, 65, 264–271.
Sun, S.; Law, R.; Schuckert, M. Mediating effects of attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control for mobile payment-based hotel reservations. Int. J. Hosp. Manag. 2020, 84, 102331.
Suresh, M.V.J.J.; Reddy, K.S.; Kolar, A.K. 4-E (Energy, Exergy, Environment, and Economic) analysis of solar thermal aided coal-fired power plants. Energy Sustain. Dev. 2010, 14, 267–279.
Sutanto, B.; Indartono, Y.S.; Wijayanta, A.T.; Iacovides, H. Enhancing the performance of floating photovoltaic system by using thermosiphon cooling method: Numerical and experimental analyses. Int. J. Therm. Sci. 2022, 180, 107727.
Swief, R. A., T. S. Abdel-Salam, and N. H. El-Amary, “Photovoltaic and wind turbine integration applying Cuckoo search for probabilistic reliable optimal placement,” Energies 11, 139–161 (2018).
Syed, M.A.; Khalid, M. Machine Learning Based Controlled Filtering for Solar PV Variability Reduction with BESS. In Proceedings of the 2021 International Conference on Sustainable Energy and Future Electric Transportation (SEFET), Hyderabad, India, 21–23 January 2021; pp. 1–5.
Tabaei, H.; Ameri, M. Improving the Effectiveness of a Photovoltaic Water Pumping System by Using Booster Reflector and Cooling Array Surface by a Film of Water. Iran. J. Sci. Technol. Trans. Mech. Eng. 2015, 39, 51–60.
Tafarte, P.; Hennig, C.; Dotzauer, M.; Thrän, D. Impact of Flexible Bioenergy Provision on Residual Load Fluctuation: A Case Study for the TransnetBW Transmission System in 2022. Energy Sustain. Soc. 2017, 7, 3.
Tafazoli, M.; Salimi, M.; Zeinalidanaloo, S.; Mashayekh, J.; Amidpour, M. Techno-Economic Analysis of Electricity Generation by Photovoltaic Power Plants Equipped with Trackers in Iran. Energies 2023, 16, 235.
Taheri, A.; Malayjerdi, M.; Kazemi, M.; Kalani, H.; Nemati-Farouji, R.; Passandideh-Fard, M.; Sardarabadi, M. Improving the performance of a nanofluid-based photovoltaic thermal module utilizing dual-axis solar tracker system: Experimental examination and thermodynamic analysis. Appl. Therm. Eng. 2021, 196, 117178.
Tahir, Z.; Butt, N.Z. Implications of Spatial-Temporal Shading in Agrivoltaics under Fixed Tilt and Tracking Bifacial Photovoltaic Panels. Renew. Energy 2022, 190, 167–176.
Tamil Nadu Minister’s Thermocol Proposal to Prevent Water Loss at Vaigai Dam Fails Miserably. Available online: https://www. indiatoday.in/top-stories/video/tamil-nadu-thermocol-proposal-vaigai-dam-water-evaporation-846088-2017-04-22 (accessed on 29 November 2023).
Tan, L.; Date, A.; Fernandes, G.; Singh, B.; Ganguly, S. Efficiency Gains of Photovoltaic System Using Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage. Energy Procedia 2017, 110, 83–88.
Tang, X.; Quan, Z.; Zhao, Y. Experimental Investigation of Solar Panel Cooling by a Novel Micro Heat Pipe Array. Energy PowerEng. 2010, 02, 171–174.
Tang, H.B.B.; Ma, S.; Lv, Y.; Li, Z.P.P.; Shen, W.Z.Z. Optimization of Rear Surface Roughness and Metal Grid Design in Industrial Bifacial PERC Solar Cells. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2020, 216, 110712.
Tariq, M.S.; Butt, S.A.; Khan, H.A. Impact of module and inverter failures on the performance of central-, string-, and micro inverter PV systems. Microelectron. Reliab. 2018, 88, 1042–1046.
Taşer, A.; Koyunbaba, B.K.; Kazanasmaz, T. Thermal, daylight, and energy potential of building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems: A comprehensive review of effects and developments. Sol. Energy 2023, 251, 171–196.
Taylor, R.; Conway, J.; Gabb, O.; Gillespie, J. Potential Ecological Impacts of Ground-Mounted Photovoltaic Solar Panels; BSG Ecology: Oxford, UK, 2019.
Tejwani, R.; Solanki, C.S. 360◦ Sun Tracking with Automated Cleaning System for Solar PV Modules. In Proceedings of the 2010 35th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, Honolulu, HI, USA, 20–25 June 2010; pp. 2895–2898.
Tercan, S.M.; Demirci, A.; Gokalp, E.; Cali, U. Maximizing self-consumption rates and power quality towards two-stage evaluation for solar energy and shared energy storage empowered microgrids. J. Energy Storage 2022, 51, 104561.
Teskey, R.O.; Sheriff, D.W.; Hollinger, D.Y.; Thomas, R.B. External and Internal Factors Regulating Photosynthesis. In Resource Physiology of Conifers; Elsevier: Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 1995; pp. 105–140. ISBN 9780126528701.
Teubner, J.; Kruse, I.; Scheuerpflug, H.; Buerhop-Lutz, C.; Hauch, J.; Camus, C.; Brabec, C.J. Comparison of Drone-Based IR-Imaging with Module Resolved Monitoring Power Data. Energy Procedia 2017, 124, 560–566.
Thom, D.; Bugała, A.; Bugała, D.; Czekała, W. Comprehensive Energy and Economic Analysis of Selected Variants of a Large-Scale Photovoltaic Power Plant in a Temperate Climate. Energies 2025, 18, 4198. https://doi.org/10.3390/ en18154198.
Thomas Huld, Gabi Friesen, Artur Skoczek, Robert P. Kenny, Tony Sample, Michael Field, Ewan D. Dunlop, A power-rating model for crystalline silicon PV modules, Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 95 (12) (2011) 3359–3369.
Thompson, E.P.; Bombelli, E.L.; Shubham, S.; Watson, H.; Everard, A.; D’Ardes, V.; Schievano, A.; Bocchi, S.; Zand, N.; Howe, C.J.; et al. Tinted Semi-Transparent Solar Panels Allow Concurrent Production of Crops and Electricity on the Same Cropland. Adv. Energy Mater. 2020, 10, 2001189.
Thongpao, K.; Sripadungtham, P.; Raphisak, P.; Sriprapha, K.; Hattha, E. Outdoor performance of polycrystalline and amorphous silicon solar cells based on the influence of irradiance and module temperature in Thailand. In Proceedings of the 2010 ECTI International Confernce on Electrical Engineering/Electronics, Computer, Telecommunications and Information Technology (ECTI-CON2010), Chiang Mai, Thailand, 19–21 May 2010; pp. 74–77.
Tian Y, Zhao CY. A review of solar collectors and thermal energy storage in solar thermal applications. Appl Energy 2013;104:538–53.
Tian Z, Zou X, Zhang Y, Gao W, Chen W, Peng H. 4E analyses and multi-objective optimization for an innovative solarocean thermal energy conversion/air conditioning system. J Clean Prod. 2023;414:137532. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.1 37532.
Tian, Xueyu; Stranks, Samuel D.; You, Fengqi (2021). "Life cycle assessment of recycling strategies for perovskite photovoltaic modules". Nature Sustainability. 4 (9): 821–829.
Tian, H., F. Mancilla-David, K. Ellis, E. Muijadi, and P. Jenkins, “A cell-to-module-to-array detailed model for photovoltaic panels,” Solar Energy, vol. 86, no. 9, pp. 2695 2706, 2012.
Tilmatine, A.; Kadous, N.; Yanallah, K.; Bellebna, Y.; Bendaoudi, Z.; Zouaghi, A. Experimental investigation of a new solar panels cleaning system using ionic wind produced by corona discharge. J. Electrost. 2023, 124, 103827.
Tina, G.; Rosa-Clot, M.; Rosa-Clot, P.; Scandura, P. Optical and thermal behavior of submerged photovoltaic solar panel: SP2. Energy 2012, 39, 17–26.
Tina, G.M.; Scavo, F.B.; Aneli, S.; Gagliano, A. Assessment of the electrical and thermal performances of building integrated bifacial photovoltaic modules. J. Clean. Prod. 2021, 313, 127906.
Tina, G.M.; Bontempo Scavo, F.; Merlo, L.; Bizzarri, F. Comparative Analysis of Monofacial and Bifacial Photovoltaic Modules for Floating Power Plants. Appl. Energy 2021, 281, 116084.
Tiwari S, Agrawal S, Tiwari GN. PVT air collector integrated greenhouse dryers. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2018;90:142–59.
Tong, F.; Yuan, M.; Lewis, N.S.; Davis, S.J.; Caldeira, K. Effects of deep reductions in energy storage costs on highly reliable wind and solar electricity systems. Iscience 2020, 23, 9.
Tong, D.; Farnham, D.J.; Duan, L.; Zhang, Q.; Lewis, N.S.; Caldeira, K.; Davis, S.J. Geophysical constraints on the reliability of solar and wind power worldwide. Nat. Commun. 2021, 12, 6146.
Tongsopit, S.; Moungchareon, S.; Aksornkij, A.; Potisat, T. Business models and financing options for a rapid scale-up of rooftop solar power systems in Thailand. Energy Policy 2016, 95, 447–457.
Torres, J.P.N.; Nashih, S.K.; Fernandes, C.A.F.; Leite, J. The effect of shading on photovoltaic solar panels. Energy Syst. 2018, 9, 195–208.
Trapani, K.; Redón Santafé, M. A review of floating photovoltaic installations: 2007–2013. Prog. Photovolt. Res. Appl. 2014, 23, 524–532.
Tricoire, J.-P. Why Buildings Are the Foundation of an Energy-Efficient Future. 2021. Available online: https://www.weforum. org/agenda/2021/02/why-the-buildings-of-the-future-are-key-to-an-efficient-energy-ecosystem/ (accessed on 10 April 2023).
Tripathi, A.K.; Aruna, M.; Murthy, C.S. Experimental Investigation of Dust Effect on PV Module Performance Experimental Investigation of Dust Effect on PV Module Performance. Glob. J. Res. Eng. 2017, 17, 35–39.
Tripathi R, Tiwari GN. Annual performance evaluation (energy and exergy) of fully cov ered concentrated photovoltaic thermal (PVT) water collector: an experimental valida tion. Sol Energy 2017;146:180–90.
Tripathi R, Tiwari GN, Dwivedi VK. Overall energy, exergy and carbon credit analysis of N partially covered Photovoltaic Thermal (PVT) concentrating collector connected in series. Sol Energy 2016;136:260–7.
Trout, T.J.; Gambogi, W.; Felder, T.; Choudhury, K.R.; Garreau-Iles, L.; Heta, Y.; Stika, K. PV Module Durability-Connecting Field Results, Accelerated Testing, and Materials. In Proceedings of the 2017 IEEE 44th Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC), Washington, DC, USA, 25–30 June 2017; 2312–2317.
Tomita, K.; Chew, M.Y.L. A review of infrared thermography for delamination detection on infrastructures and buildings. Sensors 2022, 22, 423.
Tonui JK, Tripanagnostopoulos Y. Performance improvement of PV/T solar collectors with natural air flow operation. Sol Energy 2008;82:1–12.
Torres, J.P.N.; Nashih, S.K.; Fernandes, C.A.F.; Leite, J. The effect of shading on photovoltaic solar panels. Energy Syst. 2018, 9, 195–208.
Touafek K, Haddadi M, Malek A. Design and modeling of a photovoltaic thermal collector for domestic air heating and electricity production. Energy Build 2013; 59:21–8.
Touafek K, Khelifa A, Adouane M. Theoretical and experimental study of sheet and tubes hybrid PVT collector. Energy Convers Manag 2014;80:71–7.
Touafek K, Haddadi M, Malek A. Experimental study on a new hybrid photovoltaic thermal collector. Appl Sol Energy (English Transl Geliotekhnika) 2009;45:181–6.
Tovar Reaños, M.A.; Meier, D.; Curtis, J.; Pillai, A. The role of energy, financial attitudes and environmental concerns on perceived retrofitting benefits and barriers: Evidence from Irish home owners. Energy Build. 2023, 297, 113448.
Tripanagnostopoulos Y. Aspects and improvements of hybrid photovoltaic/ thermal solar energy systems. Sol Energy 2007;81:1117–31.
Tsai H-L. Modeling and validation of refrigerant-based PVT-assisted heat pump water heating (PVTA–HPWH) system. Sol Energy 2015;122:36–47.
Tsoutsos, T.; Frantzeskaki, N.; Gekas, V. Environmental impacts from the solar energy technologies. Energy Policy 2005, 33, 289–296.
Tsuno, Y., Hishikawa, Y., Kurokawa, K., 2005. Temperature and irradiance dependence of the I–V curves of various kinds of solar cells. 15th International Photovoltaic Science&Engineering Conference, PVSEC-15, Shanghai, pp. 422–423.
Ueda, Y.; Sakurai, T.; Tatebe, S.; Itoh, A.; Kurokawa, K. Performance analysis of PV systems on the water. In Proceedings of the 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Valencia, Spain, 1 September 2008; pp. 2670–2673.
Ullah, A.; Imran, H.; Maqsood, Z.; Butt, N.Z. Investigation of Optimal Tilt Angles and Effects of Soiling on PV Energy Production in Pakistan. Renew. Energy 2019, 139, 830–843.
UN, (2021). United Nations. The 17 Goals of United Nations SDG. Available online: https://sdgs.un.org/goals (accessed on 15 May 2021).
UN World Could Face Water Availability Shortfall by 2030 If Current Trends Continue, Secretary-General Warns at Meeting of High-Level Panel. Available online: https://press.un.org/en/2016/sgsm18114.doc.htm (accessed on 18 October 2023).
UNDP. Housing and Living Conditions.
UNECE. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. Carbon Neutrality in the UNECE Region: Integrated Life-Cycle Assessment of Electricity Sources; United Nations: Geneva, Switzerland, 2022.
US. (2024) National Security Strategy; The White House: Washington, DC, USA. 2022. Available online: https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp content/uploads/2022/10/Biden-Harris-Administrations-National-Security-Strategy-10.2022.pdf (accessed on 3 March 2024.
USA. (2021). United States Department of State and the United States Executive Office of the President. US The Long-Term Strategy of the United States: Pathways to Net-Zero Greenhouse Gas Emissions by 2050; United States Department of State and the United States Executive Office of the President: Washington, DC, USA, 2021.
Uzar, M., Koca, H. (2019). Güneş enerjisi santrallerinin yer seçimi için uygunluk haritasının oluşturulmasında klasik ve bulanık mantığa dayalı yöntemlerin analizi: Menemen örneği. Jeodezi ve Jeoinformasyon Dergisi, Vol. 7, Sayı 1, Sayfa:11-28.
Uzu, H.; Ichikawa, M.; Hino, M.; Nakano, K.; Meguro, T.; Hernández, J.L.; Kim, H.-S.; Park, N.-G.; Yamamoto, K. High efficiency solar cells combining a perovskite and a silicon heterojunction solar cells via an optical splitting system. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2015, 106, 1.
Ülker-Demirel, E.; Ciftci, G. A systematic literature review of the theory of planned behavior in tourism, leisure and hospitality management research. J. Hosp. Tour. Manag. 2020, 43, 209–219.
Ültanır, M. O. 1998. 21. Yüzyıla girerken Türkiye’nin enerji stratejisinin değerlendirilmesi. Yayın No: TÜSİAD-T/98-12/239, ISBN: 975-7249-59-9, Lebib Yalkım Yayımları ve Basım İşleri A.Ş., İstanbul.
Valentini, M.; Raducu, A.; Sera, D.; Teodorescu, R. PV inverter test setup for European efficiency, static and dynamic MPPT efficiency evaluation. In Proceedings of the Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment, Aalborg, Denmark, 22–24 May 2008.
Van den Bergh, K.; Delarue, E. Energy and reserve markets: Interdependency in electricity systems with a high share of renewables. Electr. Power Syst. Res. 2020, 189, 106537.
Van Moeseke, G.; Bruyère, I.; De Herde, A. Impact of control rules on the efficiency of shading devices and free cooling for office buildings. Build. Environ. 2007, 42, 784–793.
Van Tonder, E.; Fullerton, S.; De Beer, L.T.; Saunders, S.G. Social and personal factors influencing green customer citizenship behaviours: The role of subjective norm, internal values and attitudes. J. Retail. Consum. Serv. 2023, 71, 103190.
Vargas, A.N.; Francisco, G.R.; Montezuma, M.A.; Sampaio, L.P.; Acho, L. Low-cost dual-axis solar tracker with photovoltaic energy processing for education. Sustain. Energy Technol. Assess. 2022, 53, 102542.
Vartiainen, E.; Masson, G.; Breyer, C.; Moser, D.; Román Medina, E. Impact of weighted average cost of capital, capital expenditure, and other parameters on future utility-scale PV levelised cost of electricity. Prog. Photovolt. Res. Appl. 2020, 28, 439–453.
Vasiljev, P.; Borodinas, S.; Bareikis, R.; Struckas, A. Ultrasonic System for Solar Panel Cleaning. Sens. Actuators A Phys. 2013, 200, 74–78.
Velosa, N.; Gomes, E.; Morais, H.; Pereira, L. PROCSIM: An Open-Source Simulator to Generate Energy Community Power Demandand Generation Scenarios. Energies 2023, 16, 1611.
Veluchamy, K.; Veluchamy, M. A NewEnergyManagementTechnique for Microgrid System Using Muddy Soil Fish Optimization Algorithm. Int. J. Energy Res. 2021, 45, 14824–14844.
Verma SK, Tiwari AK. Progress of nanofluid application in solar collectors: a re view. Energy Convers Manage 2015;100:324–46.
Vergura, S.; Colaprico, M.; de Ruvo, M.F.; Marino, F. A Quantitative and Computer-Aided Thermography-Based Diagnostics for PV Devices—Part II: Platform and Results. IEEE J. Photovolt. 2017, 7, 237–243.
Vieira, F.M.; Moura, P.S.; de Almeida, A.T. Energy storage system for self-consumption of photovoltaic energy in residential zero energy buildings. Renew. Energy 2017, 103, 308–320.
Villanueva-Flores, M.; Hernández-Roque, D.; Díaz-Fernández, M.; Bornay-Barrachina, M. Exploring the mediation role of perceived behavioural control and subjective norms in the relationship between psychological capital and entrepreneurial intention of university students. Int. J. Manag. Educ. 2023, 21, 100865.
Viitanen, J. Energy Efficient Lighting Systems in Buildings with Integrated Photovoltaics. 2015.
Vivar M, Everett V, Fuentes M, Blakers A, Tanner A, Le Lievre P, et al. Initial field per formance of a hybrid CPV-T microconcentrator system. Prog Photovoltaics Res Appl 2013;21:1659–71.
Vos, A. D. (1980). "Detailed balance limit of the efficiency of tandem solar cells". Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics. 13 (5): 839–846.
Vu, D.T.; Nghiem, V.T.; Tien, T.Q.; Hieu, N.M.; Minh, K.N.; Vu, H.; Shin, S.; Vu, N.H. Optimizing optical fiber daylighting system for indoor agriculture applications. Sol. Energy 2022, 247, 1–12.
Vu, T.D.; Nguyen, H.V.; Nguyen, T.M.N. Extend theory of planned behaviour model to explain rooftop solar energy adoption in emerging market. Moderating mechanism of personal innovativeness. J. Open Innov. Technol. Mark. Complex. 2023, 9, 100078
Walston, L.J., Jr.; Rollins, K.E.; LaGory, K.E.; Smith, K.P.; Meyers, S.A. A preliminary assessment of avian mortality at utility-scale solar energy facilities in the United States. Renew. Energy 2016, 92, 405–414.
Wan, C.; Zhao, J.; Song, Y.; Xu, Z.; Lin, J.; Hu, Z. Photovoltaic and solar power forecasting for smart grid energy management. CSEE J. Power Energy Syst. 2015, 1, 38–46.
Wang F, Wang Z, Zheng Y, Lin Z, Hao P, Huan C, et al. Performance investigation of a novel frost-free air-source heat pump water heater combined with energy storage and dehumidification. Appl Energy 2015;139:212–9.
Wang, Y.; Gao, J.; Wei, L.; Wu, H.; Zhao, S. Geographic information system-based multi-criteria decision-making analysis for investment assessment of wind-photovoltaic-shared energy storage power stations: A case study of Shanxi Province. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 2024, 31, 22604–22629.
Wangm Y.C.; Wu, T.T.; Chueh, Y.L. A critical review on flexible Cu(In, Ga)Se2 (CIGS) solar cells. Mater. Chem. Phys. 2019, 243, 329–344.
Wang, H.; Li, X.; Luo, B. The enhanced heat transfer of diathermic oil-based alumina-doped zinc oxide nanofluids for domestic solar heating systems. J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. 2022, 147, 3977–3988.
Wang, F.; Xu, J.; Liu, L.; Yin, G.; Wang, J.; Yan, J. Optimal design and operation of hybrid renewable energy system for drinking water treatment. Energy 2021, 219, 119673.
Wang, H.; Wang, S.; Tang, R. Development of grid-responsive buildings: Opportunities, challenges, capabilities and applications of HVAC systems in non-residential buildings in providing ancillary services by fast demand responses to smart grids. Appl. Energy 2019, 250, 697–712.
Wang G, Quan Z, Zhao Y, Xu P, Sun C. Experimental study of a novel PV/T-air composite heat pump hot water system. Energy Proc 2015;70:537–43.
Wang, C.-N.; Nguyen, V.T.; Thai, H.T.; Duong, D.H. Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) Approaches for Solar Power Plant Location Selection in Viet Nam. Energies 2018, 11, 1504.
Wang,C.-N.; Chung, Y.-C.; Wibowo, F.D.; Dang, T.-T.; Nguyen, N.-A.-T. Site Selection of Solar Power Plants Using Hybrid MCDM Models: A Case Study in Indonesia. Energies 2023, 16, 4042.
Waqas, A.; Ji, J.; Xu, L.; Ali, M.; Zeashan; Alvi, J. Thermal and electrical management of photovoltaic panels using phase change materials—A review. Renew Sustain. Energy Rev. 2018, 92, 254–271.
Weerasinghe, H.C.; Dkhissi, Y.; Scully, A.D.; Caruso, R.A.; Cheng, Y.-B. Encapsulation for improving the lifetime of flexible perovskite solar cells. Nano Energy 2015, 18, 118–125.
Wells, R. Light and the Cotton Plant Introduction. In Stress Physiology in Cotton; The Cotton Foundation: Cordova, TN, USA, 2011; pp. 73–84.
Werner, J.; Niesen, B.; Ballif, C. Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells: Marriage of Convenience or True Love Story?—An Overview. Adv. Mater. Interfaces 2018, 5, 1700731.
WEF—World Economic Forum. How Japan Became the World Leader in Floating Solar Power. 2019.
Wessells, C.D.; Huggins, R.A.; Cui, Y. Copper hexacyanoferrate battery electrodes with long cycle life and high power. Nat. Commun. 2011, 2, 550.
WES, Final Consumption—Key World Energy Statistics 2021—Analysis—IEA. Available online: https://www.iea.org/reports/key world-energy-statistics-2021/final-consumption
WETO, (2023) World Energy Transitions Outlook.
Weselek, A.; Bauerle, A.; Hartung, J.; Zikeli, S.; Lewandowski, I.; Högy, P. Agrivoltaic System Impacts on Microclimate and Yield of Different Crops within an Organic Crop Rotation in a Temperate Climate. Agron. Sustain. Dev. 2021, 41, 59.
Weselek, A.; Ehmann, A.; Zikeli, S.; Lewandowski, I.; Schindele, S.; Högy, P. Agrophotovoltaic Systems: Applications, Challenges, and Opportunities. A Review. Agron. Sustain. Dev. 2019, 39, 35.
Whiteman, A.; Esparrago, J.; Elsayed, S. Renewable Energy Statistics 2018; International Renewable Energy Agency: Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 2018.
Willockx, B.; Herteleer, B.; Cappelle, J. Combining photovoltaic modules and food crops: First agrivoltaic prototype in Belgium. Renew. Energy Power Qual. J. 2020, 18, 266–271.
Wirth, H.; Schneider, K. Recent Facts about Photovoltaics in Germany; Fraunhofer ISE: Freiburg, Germany, 2015; Volume 92.
Wiser R, Bolinger M, Hoen B, Millstein D, Rand J, Barbose G, et al. Land-Based Wind Market Report. 2023 ed. Berkeley (CA): Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL); 2023.
WM. Wood Mackenzie, Global Floating Solar to Top 6GW Threshold by 2031. 2023.
WNA (2022). World Nuclear Association, 2022. Carbon dioxide emissions from electricity [WWW Document]. World Nuclear Association. URL https://www.world-nuclear. org/information-library/energy-and-the-environment/carbon-dioxide-emissions from-electricity.aspx (accessed 1.2.23)
Wrede, M. The influence of state politics on solar energy auction results. Energy Policy 2022, 168, 113130.
Wu, Y.; Xu, M.; Tao, Y.; He, J.; Liao, Y.; Wu, M. A critical barrier analysis framework to the development of rural distributed PV in China. Energy 2022, 245, 123277.
Wu, C.-H.; Wang, H.-C.; Chang, H.-Y. Dual-axis solar tracker with satellite compass and inclinometer for automatic positioning and tracking. Energy Sustain. Dev. 2022, 66, 308–318.
Wu, G.; Zheng, H.; Ma, X.; Kutlu, C.; Su, Y. Experimental investigation of a multi-stage humidification-dehumidification desalination system heated directly by a cylindrical Fresnel lens solar concentrator. Energy Convers. Manag. 2017, 143, 241–251.
Wu, H.; Hou, Y. Recent development of grid-connected PV systems in China. Energy Procedia 2011, 12, 462–470.
Wu, X.; Dhere, R.G.; Albin, D.S.; Gessert, T.A.; Dehart, C.; Keane, J.C.; Duda, A.; Coutts, T.J.; Asher, S.; Levi, D.H.; et al. High-Efficiency CTO/ZTO/CdS CdTe Polycrystalline Thin-Film Solar Cells. In Proceedings of the NCPV Program Review Meeting, Lakewood, CO, USA, 14–17 October 2001.
WV. World Vision. Global Water Crisis: Facts, FAQs, and How to Help.
Xie, C.; Nie, B.; Zeng, L.; Liang, F.-X.; Wang, M.-Z.; Luo, L.; Feng, M.; Yu, Y.; Wu, C.-Y.; Wu, Y.; et al. Core–Shell Heterojunction of Silicon Nanowire Arrays and Carbon Quantum Dots for Photovoltaic Devices and Self-Driven Photodetectors. ACS Nano 2014, 8, 4015–4022.
Xiao, C.; Yu, X.; Yang, D.; Que, D. Impact of Solar Irradiance Intensity and Temperature on the Performance of Compensated Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2014, 128, 427–434.
Xing, M.; Zhang, Y.; Shen, Q.; Wang, R. Temperature dependent photovoltaic performance of TiO2/PbS heterojunction quantum dot solar cells. Sol. Energy 2020, 195, 1–5.
Xu, L.; Long, E.; Wei, J.; Cheng, Z.; Zheng, H. A new approach to determine the optimum tilt angle and orientation of solar collectors in mountainous areas with high altitude. Energy 2021, 237, 121507.
Xu G, Zhang X, Deng S. Experimental study on the operating characteristics of a novel low concentrating solar photovoltaic/thermal integrated heat pump water heating system. ApplTherm Eng 2011;31:3689–95.
Xu N, Ji J, Sun W, Huang W, Jin Z. Electrical and thermal performance analysis for a highly concentrating photovoltaic/thermal system. Int J Photoenergy 2015;2015.
Xu P, Zhang X, Shen J, Zhao X, He W, Li D. Parallel experimental study of a novel super-thin thermal absorber based photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) system against conventional photovoltaic (PV) system. Energy Rep 2015;1:30–5.
Yadav, N.; Gupta, M.; Sudhakar, K. Energy assessment of floating photovoltaic system. In Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference on Electrical Power and Energy Systems (ICEPES), Bhopal, India, 14–16 December 2016; pp. 264–269.
Yamaguchi, M., Takamoto, T., Arak, K., Ekins-Daukes, N. 2005. Multijunction III–V solar cells: Current status and future potential, Solar Energy, 79 (1), 78–85.
Yamaguchi, M.; Dimroth, F.; Geisz, J.F.; Ekins-Daukes, N.J. Multi-junction solar cells paving the way for super high-efficiency. J. Appl. Phys. 2021, 129, 24.
Yang, X.; Xu, H.; Liu, W.; Bi, Q.; Xu, L.; Kang, J.; Hedhili, M.N.; Sun, B.; Zhang, X.; De Wolf, S. Atomic Layer Deposition of Vanadium Oxide as Hole-Selective Contact for Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells. Adv. Electron. Mater. 2020, 6, 2000467.
Yang, Z.; Xiao, Z. A Review of the Sustainable Development of Solar Photovoltaic Tracking System Technology. Energies 2023, 16, 7768. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16237768.
Yang T, Athienitis AK. A study of design options for a building integrated photovoltaic/thermal (BIPV/T) system with glazed air collector and multiple inlets. Sol Energy 2014;104:82–92.
Yang, X.; Zhou, X.; Deng, X. Modeling farmers’ adoption of low-carbon agricultural technology in Jianghan Plain, China: An examination of the theory of planned behavior. Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change 2022, 180, 121726.
Yang, H. H. Wang, D. Cao, D. Sun, and X. Ju, “Analysis of power loss for crystalline silicon solar module during the course of encapsulation,” International Journal of Photoe nergy, vol. 2015, Article ID 251615, 5 pages, 2015.
Yao, Y.; Liu, W.; Jain, R.; Chowdhury, B.; Wang, J.; Cox, R. Quantitative Metrics for Grid Resilience Evaluation and Optimization. IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy 2023, 14, 1244–1258.
Yastrebova N.V. (2007). High-efficiency multi-junction solar cells: current status and future potential.
Yazdanifard F, Bajestan EE, Ameri M. Investigating the performance of a water based photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) collector in laminar and turbulent flow re gime. Renew Energy 2016;99:295–306.
Yazdanifarda, F., Amerib, M., Bajestanc, E.E. (2017). Performance of Nanofluid-Based Photovoltaic/Thermal Systems: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · March 2017.
Ye ZB, Li QF, Zhu QZ, Pan WG. The cooling technology of solar cells under concentrated system. Power Electron Motion Control Conf, 2009 IPEMC’09 IEEE 6th Int IEEE 2009:2193–7.
Ye, J.Y.; Reindl, T.; Aberle, A.G.; Walsh, T.M. Performance degradation of various PV module technologies in tropical Singapore. IEEE J. Photovolt. 2014, 4, 1288–1294.
Yee, C.H.; Al-Mulali, U.; Ling, G.M. Intention towards renewable energy investments in Malaysia: Extending theory of planned behaviour. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 2022, 29, 1021–1036.
Yimen, N., T. Tchotang, A. Kanmogne, I. A. Idriss, B. Musa, A. Aliyu, E. C. Okonkwo, S. I. Abba, D. Tata, L. Meva’a, O. Hamandjoda, and M. Dagbasi, “Optimal sizing and techno-economic analysis of hybrid renewable energy sys tems–a case study of a photovoltaic/wind/battery/diesel system in Fanisau, Northern Nigeria,” Processes 8, 1381–1406 (2020).
Yin, L.; Kim, K.N.; Trifonov, A.; Podhajny, T.; Wang, J. Designing wearable microgrids: Towards autonomous sustainable on-body energy management. Energy Environ. Sci. 2022, 15, 82–101.
Yin, X.; Struik, P.C.C. C 3 and C 4 Photosynthesis Models: An Overview from the Perspective of Crop Modelling. NJAS Wagening. J. Life Sci. 2009, 57, 27–38.
Yin, W.J.; Yang, J.H.; Kang, J.; Yan, Y.; Wei, S.H. Halide perovskite materials for solar cells: A theoretical review. J. Mater. Chem. A 2015, 3, 8926–8942.
Yoo, J.H.; Kim, S.H.; An, D.J.; Choi, W.C.; Yoon, S.J. Generation Efficiency of Tracking Type Floating PV Energy Generation Structure Using Fiber Reinforced Polymer Plastic (FRP) Members. Key Eng. Mater. 2017, 730, 212–217.
Yoo, J.J.; Seo, G.; Chua, M.R.; Park, T.G.; Lu, Y.; Rotermund, F.; Kim, Y.-K.; Moon, C.S.; Jeon, N.J.; Correa-Baena, J.-P.; et al. Efficient perovskite solar cells via improved carrier management. Nature 2021, 590, 587–593.
Yoshikawa K.; H. Kawasaki and W. Yoshida (2017). "Silicon heterojunction solar cell with interdigitated back contacts for a photoconversion efficiency over 26%". Nature Energy. 2 (5): 17032. Bibcode:2017NatEn...217032Y. doi:10.1038/nenergy.2017.32. S2CID 114171665.
Yu JS, Kim JH, Kim JT. A study on the thermal performance of air-type BIPVT collectors applied to demonstration building. Energies 2019;12:3120.
Yu, D.; Lee, S.; Lee, S.; Choi, W.; Liu, L. Forecasting Photovoltaic Power Generation Using Satellite Images. Energies 2020, 13, 6603.
Yu Y, Long E, Chen X, Yang H. Testing and modelling an unglazed photovoltaic thermal collector for application in Sichuan Basin. Appl Energy 2019;242: 931–41.
Yu M, Chen F, Zheng S, Zhou J, Zhao X, Wang Z, et al. Experimental investigation of a novel solar micro-channel loop-heat-pipe photovoltaic/thermal (MC-LHP-PV/T) sys tem for heat and power generation. Appl Energy 2019;256:113929.
Yuan, Y.; Zhang, N.; Tao, W.; Cao, X.; He, Y. Fatty acids as phase change materials: A review. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2014, 29, 482–498.
Yudhistira, R.; Khatiwada, D.; Sanchez, F. A comparative life cycle assessment of lithium-ion and lead-acid batteries for grid energy storage. J. Clean. Prod. 2022, 358, 131999.
Yuqiang, L.; Li, Y.; Wu, Y.; Yang, G.; Mazzarella, L.; Procel-Moya, P.; Tamboli, A.C.; Weber, K.; Boccard, M.; Isabella, O.; et al. High-Efficiency Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells: Materials, Devices and Applications. Mater. Sci. Eng. Rep. 2020, 147, 100579.
Yuriev, A.; Dahmen, M.; Paillé, P.; Boiral, O.; Guillaumie, L. Pro-environmental behaviors through the lens of the theory of planned behavior: A scoping review. Resour. Conserv. Recycl. 2020, 155, 104660.
Zefri, Y.; ElKettani, A.; Sebari, I.; Ait Lamallam, S. Thermal infrared and visual inspection of photovoltaic installations by UAV photogrammetry—Application case: Morocco. Drones 2018, 2, 41.
Zeng, B.; Xu, X.; Zhou, S.; Zhu, C.; Tang, C. Effects of Temperature and Light on Photosynthetic Heterosis of an Upland Cotton Hybrid Cultivar. Crop Sci. 2012, 52, 282–291.
Zervos, A. Renewable Energy Technology Roadmap 20% by 2020; European Renewable Energy Council: Brussels, Belgium, 2009.
Zhai, H.; Dai, Y.J.; Wu, J.Y.; Wang, R.Z.; Zhang, L.Y. Experimental investigation and analysis on a concentrating solar collector using linear Fresnel lens. Energy Convers. Manag. 2010, 51, 48–55.
Zhang B, Lv J, Yang H, Li T, Ren S. Performance analysis of a heat pipe PV/T system with different circulation tank capacities. Appl Therm Eng 2015;87:89–97.
Zhang X, Wei QS, Oh BS. Cost analysis of off-grid renewable hybrid power generation system on Ui Island, South Korea. Int J Hydrogen Energy. 2022;47(27):13199–212. doi: 10.101 6/j.ijhydene.2022.01.150.
Zhao X, Zhang X, Riffat SB, Su Y. Theoretical study of the performance of a novel PV/e roof module for heat pump operation. Energy Convers Manage 2011;52:603–14.
Zhao, Y.; An, A.; Xu, Y.e.a. Model predictive control of grid-connected PV power generation system considering optimal MPPT control of PV modules. Prot. Control Mod. Power Syst. 2021, 6, 32.
Zhao, S.; Duan, W.; Zhao, D.; Song, Q. Identifying the influence factors of residents’ low-carbon behavior under the background of “Carbon Neutrality”: An empirical study of Qingdao city, China. Energy Rep. 2022, 8, 6876–6886.
Zhao, D.; Yu, Y.; Wang, C.; Liao, W.; Shrestha, N.; Grice, C.R.; Cimaroli, A.J.; Guan, L.; Ellingson, R.J.; Zhu, K.; et al. Low-bandgap mixed tin–lead iodide perovskite absorbers with long carrier lifetimes for all-perovskite tandem solar cells. Nat. Energy 2017, 2, 170018.
Zhao, H.; Zang, H. Site Selection for Solar–Wind Hybrid Energy Storage Plants Based on Triangular Fuzzy Numbers: A Case Study of China. Energies 2025,18, 3851. https://doi.org/10.3390/ en18143851.
Zhao,A.P.; Li, S.; Xie, D.; Wang, Y.; Li, Z.; Hu, P.J.-H.; Zhang, Q. Hydrogen as the nexus of future sustainable transport and energy systems. Nat. Rev. Electr. Eng. 2025, 2, 447–466.
Zhang T, Yan ZW, Xiao L, Fu HD, Pei G, Ji J. Experimental, study and design sensitivity analysis of a heat pipe photovoltaic/thermal system. Appl Therm Eng 2019;162.
Zhang, Y.; Dong, X.; Wang, X.; Zhang, P.; Liu, M.; Zhang, Y.; Xiao, R. The Relationship between the Low-Carbon Industrial Model and Human Well-Being: A Case Study of the Electric Power Industry. Energies 2023, 16, 1357.
Zhang, X.; Ma, W.; Zhang, Z.; Hu, L.; Cui, Y. Experimental study on the interference effect of the wind-induced large torsional vibration of single-axis solar tracker arrays. J. Wind. Eng. Ind. Aerodyn. 2023, 240, 105470.
Zhang, L.; Tong, H.; Liang, Y.; Qin, Q. Consumer purchase intention of new energy vehicles with an extended technology acceptance model: The role of attitudinal ambivalence. Transp. Res. Part A Policy Pract. 2023, 174, 103742.
Zhang, X.; Bai, X.; Shang, J. Is subsidized electric vehicles adoption sustainable: Consumers’ perceptions and motivation toward incentive policies, environmental benefits, and risks. J. Clean. Prod. 2018, 192, 71–79.
Zhang, J.; Gao, X.; Deng, Y.; Li, B.; Yuan, C. Life Cycle Assessment of Titania Perovskite Solar Cell Technology for Sustainable Design and Manufacturing. ChemSusChem 2015, 8, 3882–3891.
Zheng, J.; Yan, J.; Pei, J.; Liu, G. Solar tracking error analysis of fresnel reflector. Sci. World J. 2014, 2014, 834392.
Zhou C, Liang R, Zhang J, Riaz A. Experimental study on the cogeneration performance of roll-bond-PVT heat pump system with single stage compression during summer. Appl Therm Eng 2019;149:249–61.
Zhou J, Zhao X, Ma X, Qiu Z, Ji J, Du Z, et al. Experimental investigation of a solar driven direct-expansion heat pump system employing the novel PV/micro-chan nels-evaporator modules. Appl Energy 2016;178.
Zhou, J.; Zhao, X.; Ma, X.; Du, Z.; Fan, Y.; Cheng, Y.; Zhang, X. Clear-days operational performance of a hybrid experimental space heating system employing the novel mini-channel solar thermal and PV/T panels and a heat pump. Sol. Energy 2017, 155, 464–477.
Zhou, Y.; Cao, S. Energy flexibility investigation of advanced grid-responsive energy control strategies with the static battery and electric vehicles: A case study of a high-rise office building in Hong Kong. Energy Convers. Manag. 2019, 199, 111888.
Zhou, Y.; Xin, J. Dust removal device for waterless solar photovoltaic panel. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science; IOP Publishing: Bristol, UK, 2020; Volume 514, p. 042032.
Zhao, Y.; Dunn, A.W.; Shi, D. (2019a). Effective reduction of building heat loss without insulation materials via the photothermal effect of a chlorophyll thin film coated “Green Window”. MRS Commun. 2019, 9, 675–681.
Zhao, Y.; Lin, J.; Kundrat, D.M.; Bonmarin, M.; Krupczak, J.; Thomas, S.V.; Lyu, M.; Shi, D. (2019b). Photonically-Activated Molecular Excitations for Thermal Energy Conversion in Porphyrinic Compounds. Phys. Chem. C 2019, 124, 1575–1584.
Zhu, J.; Mei, Z. Photovoltaic building integration industry development trend analysis and forecast. Highlights Sci. Eng. Technol. 2023, 40, 383–387.
Zhu, L.; Raman, A.P.; Fan, S. Radiative cooling of solar absorbers using a visibly transparent photonic crystal thermal blackbody. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2015, 112, 12282–12287.
Zhu, Y.; Liu, J.; Yang, X. Design and performance analysis of a solar tracking system with a novel single-axis tracking structure to maximize energy collection. Appl. Energy 2020, 264, 114647.
Zhu, W.; Zhang, B.; Zhang, L.; Xu, Y.; Yang, K. Spatial path analysis for high-altitude solar-powered airship with maximum net energy. Aerosp. Sci. Technol. 2021, 117, 106922.
Zhu, Q.; Si, L.; Jiang, T. Economical and environmental analysis of building photovoltaic systems with different installation styles. Acta Energiae Solaris Sin. 2012, 33, 24–29.
Zhu, L.; Boehm, R.F.; Wang, Y.; Halford, C.; Sun, Y. Water Immersion Cooling of PV Cells in a High Concentration System. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2011, 95, 538–545.
Zhu, T.; Hu, P.; Cai, C.; Liu, Z.; Hu, G.; Kuang, Q.; Mai, L.; Zhou, L. Dual carbon decorated Na3MnTi(PO4)3: A high-energy-density cathode material for sodium-ion batteries. Nano Energy 2020, 70, 104548.
Zhu, G.; Wang, W.; Zhu, W. Research on the Location and Capacity Determination Strategy of Off-Grid Wind–Solar Storage Charging Stations Based on Path Demand. Processes 2025, 13, 786.
Zervos, A. Renewable Energy Technology Roadmap 20% by 2020; European Renewable Energy Council: Brussels, Belgium, 2009.
Zi, C.; Qian, M.; Baozhong, G. The consumption patterns and determining factors of rural household energy: A case study of Henan Province in China. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2021, 146, 111142.
Zilli, B.M.; Lenz, A.M.; de Souza, S.N.M.; Secco, D.; Nogueira, C.E.C.; Junior, O.H.A.; Nadaleti, W.C.; Siqueira, J.A.C.; Gurgacz, F. Performance and effect of water-cooling on a microgeneration system of photovoltaic solar energy in Paraná, Brazil. J. Clean. Prod. 2018, 192, 477–485.
Zogou O, Stapountzis H. Flow and heat transfer inside a PVT collector for building application. Appl Energy 2012;91:103–15.
Zondag HA, de Vries DW, van Helden WGJ, van Zolingen RJC, van Steenhoven AA. The yield of different combined PV-thermal collector designs. Sol Energy 2003;74:253–69.
Zsiborács, H.; Hegedusné Baranyai, N.; Csányi, S.; Vincze, A.; Pintér, G. Economic Analysis of Grid-Connected PV System Regulations: A Hungarian Case Study. Electronics 2019, 8, 149.
Zulehner, W. 1989. Status and future of silicon crystal growth. Materials Science and Engineering B, 4:1-10.
Zurakowska-Sawa, J.; Gromada, A.; Trocewicz, A.; Wojciechowska, A.; Wysoki´nski, M.; Zieli´nska, A. Photovoltaic Farms: Economic Efficiency of Investments in South-East Poland. Energies 2025, 18, 170.
Zurita, A.; Mata-Torres, C.; Valenzuela, C.; Felbol, C.; Cardemil, J.M.; Guzmán, A.M.; Escobar, R.A. Techno-economic evaluation of a hybrid CSP + PV plant integrated with thermal energy storage and a large-scale battery energy storage system for base generation. Sol. Energy 2018, 173, 1262–1277.
İndir
Yayınlanan
Lisans
LisansBu İnternet Sitesi içeriğinde yer alan tüm eserler (yazı, resim, görüntü, fotoğraf, video, müzik vb.) Akademisyen Kitabevine ait olup, 5846 sayılı Fikir ve Sanat Eserleri Kanunu ve 5237 sayılı Türk Ceca Kanunu kapsamında korunmaktadır. Bu hakları ihlal eden kişiler, 5846 sayılı Fikir ve Sanat eserleri Kanunu ve 5237 sayılı Türk Ceza Kanununda yer alan hukuki ve cezai yaptırımlara tabi olurlar. Yayınevi ilgili yasal yollara başvurma hakkına sahiptir.