The Role of Biostimulants in Enhancing Yield, Quality, and Stress Tolerance in Sustainable Vegetable Production
Özet
Biostimulants play a pivotal role in sustainable vegetable production by enhancing yield, quality, and stress tolerance. These substances, which include humic acids, amino acids, seaweed extracts, and beneficial microorganisms, improve plant growth and resilience against biotic and abiotic stressors. Sustainable vegetable farming practices aim to reduce environmental impacts while ensuring food security, and biostimulants align well with these objectives. They enhance nutrient uptake, promote soil health, and support integrated pest management, ultimately leading to increased productivity. This chapter discusses the mechanisms through which biostimulants exert their effects, including increased photosynthetic activity and improved antioxidant enzyme activity. Future research should explore optimal combinations of biostimulants for specific crops, particularly under stress conditions. Additionally, integrating microalgae with traditional fertilizers has shown promise in boosting vegetable productivity while reducing chemical inputs. The application of biostimulants is essential in addressing the challenges posed by climate change and resource depletion, making them crucial for the future of sustainable agriculture. Ultimately, advancing the understanding of biostimulants will contribute to more resilient, productive, and environmentally friendly vegetable production systems.
Referanslar
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Aleshin, E. P., Bochko, T. F., & Sheudzhen, A. K. (1994). Change in fractional and group composition of humus in the soils of rice fields when using microfertilizers. Russian Agricultural Science, 9, 33-35.
Al-Ramamneh, E. A. D. M. (2024). Ascophyllum nodosum and Spirulina platensis affect plant growth, yield, concentration of hormones in the leaves and nematode communities in the rhizosphere of cucumber plants. Biological Agriculture & Horticulture, 40(2), 92-106.
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Bellini, A., Gilardi, G., Idbella, M., Zotti, M., Pugliese, M., Bonanomi, G., & Gullino, M. L. (2023). Trichoderma enriched compost, BCAs and potassium phosphite control Fusarium wilt of lettuce without affecting soil microbiome at genus level. Applied Soil Ecology, 182, 104678.
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Çakmakçı, R., Erat, M., Erdoğan, Ü., & Dönmez, F. (2007). The influence of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on growth and enzyme activities in wheat and spinach plants. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 170(2), 288-295.
Çakmakcı, Ö., Çakmakcı, T., & Şensoy, S. (2022). Effects of silver nanoparticles on growth parameters of radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. radicula) grown under deficit irrigation. Current Trends in Natural Sciences, 11(21), 37-44.
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Chen, J., & Wei, X. (2018). Controlled-release fertilizers as a means to reduce nitrogen leaching and runoff in container-grown plant production. In Nitrogen in Agriculture—Updates (pp. 33–52). InTech.
Ciftci, V., Türkmen, Ö., Erdinc, C., & Şensoy, S. (2010). Effects of different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) species on some bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars grown in salty conditions. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 5(24), 3408-3416.
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Ekincialp, A., Erdinç, Ç., Eser, F., Demir, S., & Şensoy, S. (2016). The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF), whey, and humic acid applications on plant growth, yield, and quality under field conditions in different cucurbit species. Yüzüncü Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 26(2), 274-281.
El-Nakhel, C., Petropoulos, S. A., Di Mola, I., Ottaiano, L., Cozzolino, E., Rouphael, Y., & Mori, M. (2023). Biostimulants of different origins increase mineral content and yield of wild rocket while reducing nitrate content through successive harvests. Horticulturae, 9(5), 580.
Erdinc, C., Durak, E. D., Ekincialp, A., Şensoy, S., & Demir, S. (2017). Variations in response of determinate common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 41(1), 1-9.
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Hardoim, P. R., van Overbeek, L. S., & van Elsas, J. D. (2008). Properties of bacterial endophytes and their proposed role in plant growth. Trends in Microbiology, 16(10), 463-471.
Hidalgo-Santiago, L., Navarro-León, E., López-Moreno, F. J., Arjó, G., González, L. M., Ruiz, J. M., & Blasco, B. (2021). The application of the silicon-based biostimulant Codasil® offset water deficit of lettuce plants. Scientia Horticulturae, 285, 110177.
İkiz, B., Dasgan, H. Y., Balik, S., Kusvuran, S., & Gruda, N. S. (2024). The use of biostimulants as a key to sustainable hydroponic lettuce farming under saline water stress. BMC Plant Biology, 24(1), 808.
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Referanslar
Adani, F., Genevi, P., & Zocchi, G. (1998). The effect of commercial humic acid on tomato plant growth and mineral nutrition. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 21(3), 561-575.
Akköprü, A., Çakar, K., & Husseini, A. (2018). Effects of endophytic bacteria on disease and growth in plants under biotic stress. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 28(2), 200-208.
Aleshin, E. P., Bochko, T. F., & Sheudzhen, A. K. (1994). Change in fractional and group composition of humus in the soils of rice fields when using microfertilizers. Russian Agricultural Science, 9, 33-35.
Al-Ramamneh, E. A. D. M. (2024). Ascophyllum nodosum and Spirulina platensis affect plant growth, yield, concentration of hormones in the leaves and nematode communities in the rhizosphere of cucumber plants. Biological Agriculture & Horticulture, 40(2), 92-106.
Alp, Y., & Şensoy, S. (2023). The effects of different fertilizer applications on some morphological traits in fresh bean. Yüzüncü Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 33(1), 100-110.
Asai, H., Samson, B., Stephan, H., Songyikhangsuthor, K., Homma, K., Kiyono, Y., Inoue, Y., & Shiraiwa, T. (2009). Biochar amendment techniques for upland rice production in Northern Laos: Soil physical properties, leaf SPAD, and grain yield. Field Crops Research, 111, 81-84.
Barot, D. C., Chaudhari, V. M., Nadoda, N. A., Patel, J. J., & Patel, N. B. (2023). Seaweed extract: An important tool for vegetable production. Current Advances in Agricultural Sciences, 15(2), Special Issue, 22-28.
Bellini, A., Gilardi, G., Idbella, M., Zotti, M., Pugliese, M., Bonanomi, G., & Gullino, M. L. (2023). Trichoderma enriched compost, BCAs and potassium phosphite control Fusarium wilt of lettuce without affecting soil microbiome at genus level. Applied Soil Ecology, 182, 104678.
Bilge, D., Akköprü, A., Çakmakcı, Ö., & Şensoy, S. (2019). Investigation of effects of some root bacteria on common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants grown on salt stress. In III. Eurasian Agriculture and Natural Sciences Congress (pp. 424-436). Antalya, Turkey, 17-20 October 2019.
Çakmakçı, R., Erat, M., Erdoğan, Ü., & Dönmez, F. (2007). The influence of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on growth and enzyme activities in wheat and spinach plants. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 170(2), 288-295.
Çakmakcı, Ö., Çakmakcı, T., & Şensoy, S. (2022). Effects of silver nanoparticles on growth parameters of radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. radicula) grown under deficit irrigation. Current Trends in Natural Sciences, 11(21), 37-44.
Çakmakcı, O., Çakmakcı, T., Durak, E. D., Demir, S., & Sensoy, S. (2017). Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on melon (Cucumis melo L.) seedlings under deficit irrigation. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 26(12), 7513-7520.
Çakmakçı, R. (2014). Mechanisms of action and characteristics of microorganisms that can be used as microbial fertilizers. In Microbial Fertilizer Workshop (pp. 5-17).
Çakmakçı, R., Dönmez, M., Canpolat, F., & Şahin, F. (2005). Effects of plant growth-promoting bacteria on plant development and soil characteristics in greenhouse and various field conditions. In Proceedings of the VI. Turkey Field Crops Congress (Vol. 1, pp. 45-50).
Çakmakcı, T., Çakmakcı, Ö., Şensoy, S., & Şahin, Ü. (2021). The effect of biochar application on some physical properties of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) in deficit irrigation conditions. In Vth International Eurasian Agriculture and Natural Sciences Congress, Proceeding Book (pp. 38-44).
Can, B. G., Yıldız, M., & Şensoy, S. (2022). Effect of microalgae use on plant growth in spinach. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 12(4), 1884-1895.
Chan, K. Y., Van Zwieten, L., Meszaros, I., Downie, A., & Joseph, S. (2007). Agronomic values of greenwaste biochar as a soil amendment. Australian Journal of Soil Research, 45, 629–634.
Chen, J., & Wei, X. (2018). Controlled-release fertilizers as a means to reduce nitrogen leaching and runoff in container-grown plant production. In Nitrogen in Agriculture—Updates (pp. 33–52). InTech.
Ciftci, V., Türkmen, Ö., Erdinc, C., & Şensoy, S. (2010). Effects of different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) species on some bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars grown in salty conditions. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 5(24), 3408-3416.
Demir, S., Sensoy, S., Ocak, E., Tüfenkci, Ş., Durak, E. D., Erdinc, C., & Ünsal, H. (2015). Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, humic acid, and whey on wilt disease caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb. in three solanaceous crops. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 39(2), 300-309.
Dobbelaere, S., Croonenborghs, A., Thys, A., Ptacek, D., Vanderleyden, J., Dutto, P., Labandera-Gonzalez, C., Caballero Mellado, J., Aguirre, J., Kapulnik, Y., Brener, S., Burdman, S., Kadouri, D., Sarig, S., & Okon, Y. (2001). Responses of agronomically important crops to inoculation with Azospirillum. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology, 28, 871-879.
Ekincialp, A., Erdinç, Ç., Eser, F., Demir, S., & Şensoy, S. (2016). The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF), whey, and humic acid applications on plant growth, yield, and quality under field conditions in different cucurbit species. Yüzüncü Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 26(2), 274-281.
El-Nakhel, C., Petropoulos, S. A., Di Mola, I., Ottaiano, L., Cozzolino, E., Rouphael, Y., & Mori, M. (2023). Biostimulants of different origins increase mineral content and yield of wild rocket while reducing nitrate content through successive harvests. Horticulturae, 9(5), 580.
Erdinc, C., Durak, E. D., Ekincialp, A., Şensoy, S., & Demir, S. (2017). Variations in response of determinate common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 41(1), 1-9.
Fan, S. (2014). Ending hunger and undernutrition by 2025: The role of horticultural value chains. In XXIX International Horticultural Congress on Horticulture: Sustaining Lives, Livelihoods and Landscapes (pp. 9-20).
FAOSTAT. (2022). Retrieved from https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data
Glaser, B., Lehmann, J., & Zech, W. (2002). Ameliorating physical and chemical properties of highly weathered soils in the tropics with charcoal—a review. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 35(4), 219-230.
Hardoim, P. R., van Overbeek, L. S., & van Elsas, J. D. (2008). Properties of bacterial endophytes and their proposed role in plant growth. Trends in Microbiology, 16(10), 463-471.
Hidalgo-Santiago, L., Navarro-León, E., López-Moreno, F. J., Arjó, G., González, L. M., Ruiz, J. M., & Blasco, B. (2021). The application of the silicon-based biostimulant Codasil® offset water deficit of lettuce plants. Scientia Horticulturae, 285, 110177.
İkiz, B., Dasgan, H. Y., Balik, S., Kusvuran, S., & Gruda, N. S. (2024). The use of biostimulants as a key to sustainable hydroponic lettuce farming under saline water stress. BMC Plant Biology, 24(1), 808.
Kah, M., Kookana, R. S., Gogos, A., & Bucheli, T. D. (2018). A critical evaluation of nanopesticides and nanofertilizers against their conventional analogues. Nature Nanotechnology, 13(8), 677-684.
Karakurt, Y., Ozdamar-Unlu, H., Unlu, H., & Tonguc, M. (2015). Antioxidant compounds and activity in cucumber fruit in response to foliar and soil humic acid application. European Journal of Horticultural Science, 80(2), 76-80.
León-Silva, S., Arrieta-Cortes, R., Fernández-Luqueño, F., & López-Valdez, F. (2018). Design and production of nanofertilizers. In Agricultural Nanobiotechnology (pp. 17-31). Springer, Cham.
Madiba, O. F., Solaiman, Z. M., Carson, J. K., & Murphy, D. V. (2016). Biochar increases availability and uptake of phosphorus to wheat under leaching conditions. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 52(4), 439-446.
Miller, R. M., & Jastrow, J. D. (2000). Mycorrhizal fungi influence soil structure. In Kapulnik, Y., & Douds Jr, D. D. (Eds.), Arbuscular Mycorrhizas: Physiology and Function (pp. 3-18). Kluwer Academic Publication.
Nadeem, S., Ahmad, M., Zahir, M., Javaid, A., & Ashraf, M. (2014). The role of mycorrhizae and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in improving crop productivity under stressful environments. Biotechnology Advances, 32(2), 429-448.
Namgay, T., Singh, B., & Singh, B. P. (2010). Influence of biochar application to soil on the availability of As, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn to maize (Zea mays L.). Soil Research, 48(7), 638-647.
Okumuş, A., & Alçınkaya, T. (2019). Toprak ve bitki destekleyicileri: biopestisit ve mikrobiyal gübreler. Soil and Plant Promotors: Biopest and Biofertilizers. Samsun.
Pujari, A. A. (2023). Regulatory Frameworks for Biopesticides and Biostimulants: A Comparative Analysis of the EU, US, India and Japan. International Journal of Analysis of Basic and Applied Science, 7(4), 12-17.
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