Biyopolimer Kitosanın Oksidatif Strese ve Apoptoza Etkisi
Özet
Kitosan, sağlık bilimlerinin çeşitli uygulamalarında kullanılan doğal bir biyopolimerdir. Özellikle biyomedikal alanlarda molekülün antimikrobiyal, antitümör, anti-enflamatuar ve antioksidan etkileri ile ilgili çalışmalar yoğunluk kazanmaktadır. Kitosanın hücre canlılığına etkileri incelendiğinde, antioksidan enzimlerin aktivitesini artırdığı, lipit peroksidasyonunu inhibe ettiği ve pro-inflamatuar sitokinlerin üretimini azalttığı gösterilmiştir. Kitosan uygulamasının kanserli dokularda tümör büyümesini ve ayrıca metastazını engellemesiyle apoptoz aktivitesindeki etkinliği de gözlenmiştir. Kitosanın biyomedikal uygulamalarda geniş etki ve uygulama alanlarının bulunması, molekülün rolünü ve önemini arttırmaktadır. Yapılacak ileri çalışmalar ile kitosanın özellikle hücresel etki mekanizmalarının anlaşılmasını ve böylece, klinik uygulamalardaki uygulamalarının genişlemesine olanak sağlayacaktır.
Chitosan is a natural biopolymer used in various health science applications. Studies on the antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of the molecule are increasing in intensity, particularly in the biomedical field. When the effects of chitosan on cell viability were examined, it was shown to increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes, inhibit lipid peroxidation and reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. It has also been observed that the application of chitosan prevents tumor growth and metastasis in cancer tissue and effectively influences apoptosis activity. The wide range of effects and application areas of chitosan in biomedical applications increases the role and importance of the molecule. Further studies will enable the understanding of chitosan's cellular mechanism of action in particular and thus the expansion of its clinical applications in clinical applications.
Referanslar
Younes I, Hajji S, Frachet V, Rinaudo M, Jellouli K, Nasri M. 2014. Chitin extraction from shrimp shell using enzymatic treatment. Antitumor, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of chitosan, International journal of biological macromolecules, 69, 489-98.
Lodhi G, Kim YS, Hwang JW, Kim SK, Jeon YJ, Je JY, et al. 2014. Chitooligosaccharide and its derivatives: preparation and biological applications, BioMed research international, 2014, 654913.
Xia W, Liu P, Zhang J, Chen J. 2011. Biological activities of chitosan and chitooligosaccharides, Food hydrocolloids, 25(2), 170-9.
Islam MS, Islam MM. Physical and chemical properties of sustainable polymers and their blends. Advances in Sustainable Polymer Composites: Elsevier; 2021. p. 37-57.
Kumar A, Kumar A. 2020. The virtuous potential of chitosan oligosaccharide for promising biomedical applications, Journal of Materials Research, 35(9), 1123-34.
Matalqah SM, Aiedeh K, Mhaidat NM, Alzoubi KH, Bustanji Y, Hamad I. 2020. Chitosan nanoparticles as a novel drug delivery system: a review article, Current drug targets, 21(15), 1613-24.
Rodríguez-Vázquez M, Vega-Ruiz B, Ramos-Zúñiga R, Saldaña-Koppel DA, Quiñones-Olvera LF. 2015. Chitosan and its potential use as a scaffold for tissue engineering in regenerative medicine, BioMed research international, 2015(1), 821279.
Ueno H, Yamada H, Tanaka I, Kaba N, Matsuura M, Okumura M, et al. 1999. Accelerating effects of chitosan for healing at early phase of experimental open wound in dogs, Biomaterials, 20(15), 1407-14.
Kondo Y, Nakatani A, Hayashi K, Ito M. 2000. Low molecular weight chitosan prevents the progression of low dose streptozotocin-induced slowly progressive diabetes mellitus in mice, Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 23(12), 1458-64.
Miura T, Usami M, Tsuura Y, Ishida H, Seino Y. 1995. Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect of chitosan in normal and neonatal streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 18(11), 1623-5.
Zou Y, Wang Y, Zhang S, Wu Y, Liu X. 2019. Chitooligosaccharide Biguanide Repairs Islet β‐Cell Dysfunction by Activating the IRS‐2/PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway in Type 2 Diabetic Rats, Advanced Therapeutics, 2(5), 1800136.
Liu S-H, Cai F-Y, Chiang M-T. 2015. Long-term feeding of chitosan ameliorates glucose and lipid metabolism in a high-fructose-diet-impaired rat model of glucose tolerance, Marine drugs, 13(12), 7302-13.
Morgunova GV, Klebanov AA. 2019. Age‐related AMP‐activated protein kinase alterations: From cellular energetics to longevity, Cell Biochemistry and Function, 37(3), 169-76.
Kunanusornchai W, Witoonpanich B, Tawonsawatruk T, Pichyangkura R, Chatsudthipong V, Muanprasat C. 2016. Chitosan oligosaccharide suppresses synovial inflammation via AMPK activation: An in vitro and in vivo study, Pharmacological Research, 113, 458-67.
Tao W, Sun W, Liu L, Wang G, Xiao Z, Pei X, et al. 2019. Chitosan oligosaccharide attenuates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease induced by high fat diet through reducing lipid accumulation, inflammation and oxidative stress in C57BL/6 mice, Marine drugs, 17(11), 645.
Hsieh Y-L, Yao H-T, Cheng R-S, Chiang M-T. 2012. Chitosan reduces plasma adipocytokines and lipid accumulation in liver and adipose tissues and ameliorates insulin resistance in diabetic rats, Journal of Medicinal food, 15(5), 453-60.
Azuma K, Osaki T, Minami S, Okamoto Y. 2015. Anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties of chitin and chitosan oligosaccharides, Journal of functional biomaterials, 6(1), 33-49.
Kim S. 2018. Competitive biological activities of chitosan and its derivatives: Antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, and anti‐inflammatory activities, International journal of polymer science, 2018(1), 1708172.
Fong D, Hoemann CD. Chitosan immunomodulatory properties: perspectives on the impact of structural properties and dosage. Taylor & Francis; 2018. p. FSO225.
Qiao Y, Bai X-F, Du Y-G. 2011. Chitosan oligosaccharides protect mice from LPS challenge by attenuation of inflammation and oxidative stress, International immunopharmacology, 11(1), 121-7.
Lee SW, Park HJ, Pei Y, Yeo Y, Hong S. 2020. Topical application of zwitterionic chitosan suppresses neutrophil-mediated acute skin inflammation, International journal of biological macromolecules, 158, 1184-93.
Sharma D, Arora S, Banerjee A, Singh J. 2021. Improved insulin sensitivity in obese-diabetic mice via chitosan Nanomicelles mediated silencing of pro-inflammatory Adipocytokines, Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine, 33, 102357.
Wardani G, Nugraha J, Mustafa MR, Kurnijasanti R, Sudjarwo SA. 2022. Antioxidative Stress and Antiapoptosis Effect of Chitosan Nanoparticles to Protect Cardiac Cell Damage on Streptozotocin‐Induced Diabetic Rat, Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2022(1), 3081397.
Chen S-K, Hsu C-H, Tsai M-L, Chen R-H, Drummen GP. 2013. Inhibition of oxidative stress by low-molecular-weight polysaccharides with various functional groups in skin fibroblasts, International journal of molecular sciences, 14(10), 19399-415.
Adhikari HS, Yadav PN. 2018. Anticancer activity of chitosan, chitosan derivatives, and their mechanism of action, International Journal of Biomaterials, 2018(1), 2952085.
Mattaveewong T, Wongkrasant P, Chanchai S, Pichyangkura R, Chatsudthipong V, Muanprasat C. 2016. Chitosan oligosaccharide suppresses tumor progression in a mouse model of colitis-associated colorectal cancer through AMPK activation and suppression of NF-κB and mTOR signaling, Carbohydrate polymers, 145, 30-6.
Huang B, Xiao D, Tan B, Xiao H, Wang J, Yin J, et al. 2016. Chitosan oligosaccharide reduces intestinal inflammation that involves calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) activation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged piglets, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 64(1), 245-52.
Muanprasat C, Chatsudthipong V. 2017. Chitosan oligosaccharide: Biological activities and potential therapeutic applications, Pharmacology & therapeutics, 170, 80-97.
Luo Z, Dong X, Ke Q, Duan Q, Shen L. 2014. Downregulation of CD147 by chitooligosaccharide inhibits MMP‑2 expression and suppresses the metastatic potential of human gastric cancer, Oncology letters, 8(1), 361-6.
Li G, Wang S, Deng D, Xiao Z, Dong Z, Wang Z, et al. 2020. Fluorinated chitosan to enhance transmucosal delivery of sonosensitizer-conjugated catalase for sonodynamic bladder cancer treatment post-intravesical instillation, Acs Nano, 14(2), 1586-99.
Nam K-S, Kim M-K, Shon Y-H. 2007. Inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine-induced invasiveness of HT-29 cells by chitosan oligosaccharide, Journal of microbiology and biotechnology, 17(12), 2042-5.
Benchamas G, Huang G, Huang S, Huang H. 2021. Preparation and biological activities of chitosan oligosaccharides, Trends in Food Science & Technology, 107, 38-44.
Bozkurt G, Mothe AJ, Zahir T, Kim H, Shoichet MS, Tator CH. 2010. Chitosan channels containing spinal cord-derived stem/progenitor cells for repair of subacute spinal cord injury in the rat, Neurosurgery, 67(6), 1733-44.
Itoh S, Suzuki M, Yamaguchi I, Takakuda K, Kobayashi H, Shinomiya K, et al. 2003. Development of a nerve scaffold using a tendon chitosan tube, Artificial organs, 27(12), 1079-88.
Kim M, Park SR, Choi BH. 2014. Biomaterial scaffolds used for the regeneration of spinal cord injury (SCI).
Cho Y, Shi R, Borgens RB. 2010. Chitosan produces potent neuroprotection and physiological recovery following traumatic spinal cord injury, Journal of experimental biology, 213(9), 1513-20.
Dou J, Ma P, Xiong C, Tan C, Du Y. 2011. Induction of apoptosis in human acute leukemia HL-60 cells by oligochitosan through extrinsic and intrinsic pathway, Carbohydrate polymers, 86(1), 19-24.
Fernandes JC, Sereno J, Garrido P, Parada B, Cunha MF, Reis F, et al. 2012. Inhibition of bladder tumor growth by chitooligosaccharides in an experimental carcinogenesis model, Marine drugs, 10(12), 2661-75.
Wimardhani YS, Suniarti DF, Freisleben HJ, Wanandi SI, Siregar NC, Ikeda M-A. 2014. Chitosan exerts anticancer activity through induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in oral cancer cells, Journal of oral science, 56(2), 119-26.
Mehmood T, Pichyangkura R, Muanprasat C. 2023. Chitosan Oligosaccharide Promotes Junction Barrier through Modulation of PI3K/AKT and ERK Signaling Intricate Interplay in T84 Cells, Polymers, 15(7), 1681.
Comblain F, Rocasalbas G, Gauthier S, Henrotin Y. 2017. Chitosan: A promising polymer for cartilage repair and viscosupplementation, Bio-medical materials and engineering, 28(s1), S209-S15.
He B, Tao H, Liu S, Wei A, Pan F, Chen R, et al. 2016. Carboxymethylated chitosan protects rat chondrocytes from NO‑induced apoptosis via inhibition of the p38/MAPK signaling pathway, Molecular Medicine Reports, 13(3), 2151-8.
He B, Wu F, Li X, Liu Y, Fan L, Li H. 2020. Mitochondrial dependent pathway is involved in the protective effects of carboxymethylated chitosan on nitric oxide-induced apoptosis in chondrocytes, BMC complementary medicine and therapies, 20, 1-10.
Na K, Wei J, Zhang L, Fang Y, Li X, Lu S, et al. 2022. Effects of chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) and FMT from COS-dosed mice on intestinal barrier function and cell apoptosis, Carbohydrate polymers, 297, 120043.
Referanslar
Younes I, Hajji S, Frachet V, Rinaudo M, Jellouli K, Nasri M. 2014. Chitin extraction from shrimp shell using enzymatic treatment. Antitumor, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of chitosan, International journal of biological macromolecules, 69, 489-98.
Lodhi G, Kim YS, Hwang JW, Kim SK, Jeon YJ, Je JY, et al. 2014. Chitooligosaccharide and its derivatives: preparation and biological applications, BioMed research international, 2014, 654913.
Xia W, Liu P, Zhang J, Chen J. 2011. Biological activities of chitosan and chitooligosaccharides, Food hydrocolloids, 25(2), 170-9.
Islam MS, Islam MM. Physical and chemical properties of sustainable polymers and their blends. Advances in Sustainable Polymer Composites: Elsevier; 2021. p. 37-57.
Kumar A, Kumar A. 2020. The virtuous potential of chitosan oligosaccharide for promising biomedical applications, Journal of Materials Research, 35(9), 1123-34.
Matalqah SM, Aiedeh K, Mhaidat NM, Alzoubi KH, Bustanji Y, Hamad I. 2020. Chitosan nanoparticles as a novel drug delivery system: a review article, Current drug targets, 21(15), 1613-24.
Rodríguez-Vázquez M, Vega-Ruiz B, Ramos-Zúñiga R, Saldaña-Koppel DA, Quiñones-Olvera LF. 2015. Chitosan and its potential use as a scaffold for tissue engineering in regenerative medicine, BioMed research international, 2015(1), 821279.
Ueno H, Yamada H, Tanaka I, Kaba N, Matsuura M, Okumura M, et al. 1999. Accelerating effects of chitosan for healing at early phase of experimental open wound in dogs, Biomaterials, 20(15), 1407-14.
Kondo Y, Nakatani A, Hayashi K, Ito M. 2000. Low molecular weight chitosan prevents the progression of low dose streptozotocin-induced slowly progressive diabetes mellitus in mice, Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 23(12), 1458-64.
Miura T, Usami M, Tsuura Y, Ishida H, Seino Y. 1995. Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect of chitosan in normal and neonatal streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 18(11), 1623-5.
Zou Y, Wang Y, Zhang S, Wu Y, Liu X. 2019. Chitooligosaccharide Biguanide Repairs Islet β‐Cell Dysfunction by Activating the IRS‐2/PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway in Type 2 Diabetic Rats, Advanced Therapeutics, 2(5), 1800136.
Liu S-H, Cai F-Y, Chiang M-T. 2015. Long-term feeding of chitosan ameliorates glucose and lipid metabolism in a high-fructose-diet-impaired rat model of glucose tolerance, Marine drugs, 13(12), 7302-13.
Morgunova GV, Klebanov AA. 2019. Age‐related AMP‐activated protein kinase alterations: From cellular energetics to longevity, Cell Biochemistry and Function, 37(3), 169-76.
Kunanusornchai W, Witoonpanich B, Tawonsawatruk T, Pichyangkura R, Chatsudthipong V, Muanprasat C. 2016. Chitosan oligosaccharide suppresses synovial inflammation via AMPK activation: An in vitro and in vivo study, Pharmacological Research, 113, 458-67.
Tao W, Sun W, Liu L, Wang G, Xiao Z, Pei X, et al. 2019. Chitosan oligosaccharide attenuates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease induced by high fat diet through reducing lipid accumulation, inflammation and oxidative stress in C57BL/6 mice, Marine drugs, 17(11), 645.
Hsieh Y-L, Yao H-T, Cheng R-S, Chiang M-T. 2012. Chitosan reduces plasma adipocytokines and lipid accumulation in liver and adipose tissues and ameliorates insulin resistance in diabetic rats, Journal of Medicinal food, 15(5), 453-60.
Azuma K, Osaki T, Minami S, Okamoto Y. 2015. Anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties of chitin and chitosan oligosaccharides, Journal of functional biomaterials, 6(1), 33-49.
Kim S. 2018. Competitive biological activities of chitosan and its derivatives: Antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, and anti‐inflammatory activities, International journal of polymer science, 2018(1), 1708172.
Fong D, Hoemann CD. Chitosan immunomodulatory properties: perspectives on the impact of structural properties and dosage. Taylor & Francis; 2018. p. FSO225.
Qiao Y, Bai X-F, Du Y-G. 2011. Chitosan oligosaccharides protect mice from LPS challenge by attenuation of inflammation and oxidative stress, International immunopharmacology, 11(1), 121-7.
Lee SW, Park HJ, Pei Y, Yeo Y, Hong S. 2020. Topical application of zwitterionic chitosan suppresses neutrophil-mediated acute skin inflammation, International journal of biological macromolecules, 158, 1184-93.
Sharma D, Arora S, Banerjee A, Singh J. 2021. Improved insulin sensitivity in obese-diabetic mice via chitosan Nanomicelles mediated silencing of pro-inflammatory Adipocytokines, Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine, 33, 102357.
Wardani G, Nugraha J, Mustafa MR, Kurnijasanti R, Sudjarwo SA. 2022. Antioxidative Stress and Antiapoptosis Effect of Chitosan Nanoparticles to Protect Cardiac Cell Damage on Streptozotocin‐Induced Diabetic Rat, Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2022(1), 3081397.
Chen S-K, Hsu C-H, Tsai M-L, Chen R-H, Drummen GP. 2013. Inhibition of oxidative stress by low-molecular-weight polysaccharides with various functional groups in skin fibroblasts, International journal of molecular sciences, 14(10), 19399-415.
Adhikari HS, Yadav PN. 2018. Anticancer activity of chitosan, chitosan derivatives, and their mechanism of action, International Journal of Biomaterials, 2018(1), 2952085.
Mattaveewong T, Wongkrasant P, Chanchai S, Pichyangkura R, Chatsudthipong V, Muanprasat C. 2016. Chitosan oligosaccharide suppresses tumor progression in a mouse model of colitis-associated colorectal cancer through AMPK activation and suppression of NF-κB and mTOR signaling, Carbohydrate polymers, 145, 30-6.
Huang B, Xiao D, Tan B, Xiao H, Wang J, Yin J, et al. 2016. Chitosan oligosaccharide reduces intestinal inflammation that involves calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) activation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged piglets, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 64(1), 245-52.
Muanprasat C, Chatsudthipong V. 2017. Chitosan oligosaccharide: Biological activities and potential therapeutic applications, Pharmacology & therapeutics, 170, 80-97.
Luo Z, Dong X, Ke Q, Duan Q, Shen L. 2014. Downregulation of CD147 by chitooligosaccharide inhibits MMP‑2 expression and suppresses the metastatic potential of human gastric cancer, Oncology letters, 8(1), 361-6.
Li G, Wang S, Deng D, Xiao Z, Dong Z, Wang Z, et al. 2020. Fluorinated chitosan to enhance transmucosal delivery of sonosensitizer-conjugated catalase for sonodynamic bladder cancer treatment post-intravesical instillation, Acs Nano, 14(2), 1586-99.
Nam K-S, Kim M-K, Shon Y-H. 2007. Inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine-induced invasiveness of HT-29 cells by chitosan oligosaccharide, Journal of microbiology and biotechnology, 17(12), 2042-5.
Benchamas G, Huang G, Huang S, Huang H. 2021. Preparation and biological activities of chitosan oligosaccharides, Trends in Food Science & Technology, 107, 38-44.
Bozkurt G, Mothe AJ, Zahir T, Kim H, Shoichet MS, Tator CH. 2010. Chitosan channels containing spinal cord-derived stem/progenitor cells for repair of subacute spinal cord injury in the rat, Neurosurgery, 67(6), 1733-44.
Itoh S, Suzuki M, Yamaguchi I, Takakuda K, Kobayashi H, Shinomiya K, et al. 2003. Development of a nerve scaffold using a tendon chitosan tube, Artificial organs, 27(12), 1079-88.
Kim M, Park SR, Choi BH. 2014. Biomaterial scaffolds used for the regeneration of spinal cord injury (SCI).
Cho Y, Shi R, Borgens RB. 2010. Chitosan produces potent neuroprotection and physiological recovery following traumatic spinal cord injury, Journal of experimental biology, 213(9), 1513-20.
Dou J, Ma P, Xiong C, Tan C, Du Y. 2011. Induction of apoptosis in human acute leukemia HL-60 cells by oligochitosan through extrinsic and intrinsic pathway, Carbohydrate polymers, 86(1), 19-24.
Fernandes JC, Sereno J, Garrido P, Parada B, Cunha MF, Reis F, et al. 2012. Inhibition of bladder tumor growth by chitooligosaccharides in an experimental carcinogenesis model, Marine drugs, 10(12), 2661-75.
Wimardhani YS, Suniarti DF, Freisleben HJ, Wanandi SI, Siregar NC, Ikeda M-A. 2014. Chitosan exerts anticancer activity through induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in oral cancer cells, Journal of oral science, 56(2), 119-26.
Mehmood T, Pichyangkura R, Muanprasat C. 2023. Chitosan Oligosaccharide Promotes Junction Barrier through Modulation of PI3K/AKT and ERK Signaling Intricate Interplay in T84 Cells, Polymers, 15(7), 1681.
Comblain F, Rocasalbas G, Gauthier S, Henrotin Y. 2017. Chitosan: A promising polymer for cartilage repair and viscosupplementation, Bio-medical materials and engineering, 28(s1), S209-S15.
He B, Tao H, Liu S, Wei A, Pan F, Chen R, et al. 2016. Carboxymethylated chitosan protects rat chondrocytes from NO‑induced apoptosis via inhibition of the p38/MAPK signaling pathway, Molecular Medicine Reports, 13(3), 2151-8.
He B, Wu F, Li X, Liu Y, Fan L, Li H. 2020. Mitochondrial dependent pathway is involved in the protective effects of carboxymethylated chitosan on nitric oxide-induced apoptosis in chondrocytes, BMC complementary medicine and therapies, 20, 1-10.
Na K, Wei J, Zhang L, Fang Y, Li X, Lu S, et al. 2022. Effects of chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) and FMT from COS-dosed mice on intestinal barrier function and cell apoptosis, Carbohydrate polymers, 297, 120043.
