Glokom Tanısında Patern Elektroretinografi, Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue Renk Testi ve Heıdelberg Retina Tomografisi II İle Cup/Disk Oranı Sonuçlarının Normal Bireylerle ve Birbirleriyle İlişkisinin Karşılaştırılması

Berrin Uzunovalı; G. Ertuğrul Mirza

doi:10.37609/akya.3309

Yazarlar

Berrin Uzunovalı

https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6553-660X

G. Ertuğrul Mirza

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6048-9181

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37609/akya.3309.c11748

Özet

Glokom hastalığı, geri dönüşümsüz görme kaybının ve körlüğün en sık nedenlerinden biridir. Hastalık erken dönemde belirti vermez, kronik ve sinsi seyreder. Bu nedenle hastalığın erken tanısı ve tedavisi çok önemlidir. Glokom hastalarında görme alanında bozulma başladığında retina ganglion hücreleri ve sinir liflerinin en az %20-40’ının kaybı söz konusudur. Glokomatöz hasarın değerlendirilmesinde perimetri, retinal tomografi, sinir lifi tabakası analizi, tarayıcı lazer oftalmoskopi, L’Anthony yeni renk testi, Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue testi, kontrast duyarlılık testi ve elektrofizyolojik testler kullanılmaktadır. Erken glokomatöz hasarın gösterilmesinde ve takibinde elektrofizyolojik çalışmaların oldukça duyarlı ve objektif yöntemler olduğu gösterilmiştir. Patern elektroretinografi (PERG), iç retinal tabakaların bütünlüğünün objektif olarak değerlendirilmesinde oldukça yararlıdır. PERG değişiklikleri görme alanı anormalliklerinden önce meydana geldiğinden, preperimetrik glokomda erken tanı aracı olarak güvenilebilir. Çoğu glokom hastasında renkli görme defektleri de standart görme alanı kaybından önce oluşmaktadır. Glokomda sıklıkla mavi-sarı renkli görme defekti ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, glokom hastalarında glokomatöz hasara bağlı retina fonksiyon bozukluğunun PERG, FM-100 testi ve optik sinirde çukurluk/disk (c/d) oranında meydana gelen değişikliklerin Heidelberg retina tomografisi (HRT) II ile değerlendirilmesi, alınan sonuçların birbirleriyle ilişkisinin ve bunların hastalığın erken tanısındaki rolünün belirlenmesidir.

Glaucoma is one of the most common causes of irreversible vision loss and blindness. The disease does not show symptoms in the early stages, and it progresses chronically and insidiously. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment of the disease are very important. By the time visual field defects begin in glaucoma patients, at least 20-40% of retinal ganglion cells and nerve fibers are already lost. In evaluating glaucomatous damage, perimetry, retinal tomography, nerve fiber layer analysis, scanning laser ophthalmoscopy, L'Anthony New Color Test, Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue Test, contrast sensitivity test, and electrophysiological tests are used. Electrophysiological studies have been shown to be highly sensitive and objective methods for detecting and monitoring early glaucomatous damage. Pattern electroretinography (PERG) is particularly useful in the objective evaluation of the integrity of the inner retinal layers. Since PERG changes occur before visual field abnormalities, it is considered a reliable tool for early diagnosis in preperimetric glaucoma. In most glaucoma patients, color vision defects also occur before the standard visual field loss. In glaucoma, blue-yellow color vision defects frequently appear. The aim of this study is to evaluate retinal dysfunction due to glaucomatous damage in glaucoma patients using PERG, FM-100 Test, and changes in the cup-to-disc (c/d) ratio of the optic nerve as measured by Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT) II, and to determine the relationship between these findings and their role in the early diagnosis of the disease.

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