Bakteriyel Etkenler
Özet
Dünya Sağlık Örgütüne (DSÖ) göre doğal afet; toplumun olağan yaşam düzenini bozan, çok sayıda can kaybı ve yaralanmaya neden olabilen, doğal ya da insan kaynaklı olaylar olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Afet sonrası bulaşıcı hastalık salgınlarının en yüksek insidansa sahip birincil risk faktörü, çoğunlukla savaş ve jeofizik olaylar ile ilişkili yerinden edilme olmuştur. Su, hijyen, yetersiz sanitasyon, güvenli içme suyuna yetersiz erişim ve kötü hijyen ise ikinci en yaygın risk faktörüdür. Doğal afetlerden sonra ishal, akut solunum yolu enfeksiyonları, viral hepatit, tifo, menenjit, kızamık, leptospiroz ve ayrıca tetanoz ve kutanöz mukormikoz gibi salgınlar ortaya çıkmaktadır. Deprem sonrası artan bulaşıcı hastalıklar arasında en sık gastrointestinal, deri ve solunum yolu enfeksiyonları rapor edilmiştir. Su ve gıda kaynaklı bulaşıcı hastalıklara sıklıkla neden olan Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., Vibrio cholerae, Franciella tularensis, Leptospira spp. etkenlerinin laboratuvar tanısında örneklerin alınması ve transportu, kültür, seroloji, hızlı tanı testleri, antimikrobiyal testler hakkında bilgilendirme yapılmıştır.
The World Health Organization (WHO) defines a natural disaster as an event, either natural or human-induced, that results in a disruption to the ordinary order of society, with the potential to cause significant loss of life and injury. The primary risk factor with the highest incidence of post-disaster infectious disease outbreaks is displacement, which is predominantly associated with war and geophysical events. The second most prevalent risk factor is the absence of access to safe drinking water and adequate sanitation, coupled with poor hygiene practices. In the aftermath of natural disasters, a range of infectious diseases emerge, including diarrhea, acute respiratory infections, viral hepatitis, typhoid, meningitis, measles, leptospirosis, as well as tetanus and cutaneous mucormycosis. In the aftermath of the earthquake, there was a notable increase in the incidence of gastrointestinal, skin, and respiratory tract infections. The session included a presentation on the collection and transportation of samples for the laboratory diagnosis of Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., Vibrio cholerae, Francisella tularensis, and Leptospira spp. This included details on the use of a range of diagnostic techniques, including culture, serology, rapid diagnostic tests, , which are often used to identify waterborne and foodborne infectious diseases, and antimicrobial tests.
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