Ebelik Liderliğini Geliştirmek: Geleceğe Yönelik Çözümler
Özet
Bir kuruluşun veya kurumun başarısı liderlik davranışlarıyla doğrudan ilişkilidir. Ebelik dünü, bugünü ve yarınıyla sağlam temeller üzerine kurulmuş tarihin en eski mesleklerinden biridir. Anne ve çocuk sağlığının primer koruyucusu olan ebelik mesleğinin profesyonel bir çerçeve kazanmasında liderliğin rolü büyüktür. Ebeler liderlik rolleriyle birlikte kollektif bir bilinç oluşturarak seslerini duyurmaktadır. Ebe hayatının her noktasında bir liderdir. Bu rolüyle klinik ve günlük yaşamda kadın haklarını korur ve gözetir. Ebeliği geliştirmeye yönelik yapılacak her adımda ebe liderlere ihtiyaç vardır. Bu bölümde ebelik liderliğini geliştirmede gerekli öneriler ele alınmıştır. Ebe liderlerin, liderliğin durağan bir süreç olmadığı, sürekli kendini yenileyen ve geliştiren bir yetkinlik alanı olduğunu her daim hatırında tutması gerekmektedir. Unutulmamalıdır ki;
Dünün yöntemlerini bugünün dünyasında kullanmakta ısrar eden kişi, yarının işinde olmayacaktır.
John C. Maxwell
Referanslar
Abbott PA, Foster J, Marin Hde F, et al. Complexity and the science of implementation in health IT--knowledge gaps and future visions. International Journal of Medical Informatics. 2014;83(7):12-22. doi:10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2013.10.009
Alghamdi MG, Topp R, AlYami MS. The effect of gender on transformational leadership and job satisfaction among Saudi nurses. Jounal of Advanced Nursing. 2018;74(1):119-127. doi:10.1111/jan.13385.
Apore GN, Asamoah ES. Emotional intelligence, gender and transformational leadership among nurses in emerging economies. Leadership in Health Services (Bradford England). 2019;32(4):600-619. doi:10.1108/LHS-12-2018-0067.
Attanasio LB, Alarid-Escudero F, Kozhimannil KB. Midwife-led care and obstetrician-led care for low-risk pregnancies: A cost comparison. Birth. 2020;47(1):57-66. doi:10.1111/birt.12464
Bayliss-Pratt L, Daley M, Bhattacharya-Craven A. Nursing Now 2020: the Nightingale Challenge. International Nursing Review. 2020;67(1):7-10. doi:10.1111/inr.12579.
Bharj KK, Luyben A, Avery MD, et al. An agenda for midwifery education: Advancing the state of the world׳s midwifery. Midwifery. 2016;33:3-6. doi:10.1016/j.midw.2016.01.004.
Bradfield Z, Duggan R, Hauck Y, et al. Midwives being 'with woman': An integrative review. Women Birth. 2018;31(2):143-152. doi:10.1016/j.wombi.2017.07.011.
Carragher J, Gormley K. Leadership and emotional intelligence in nursing and midwifery education and practice: a discussion paper. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2017;73(1):85-96. doi:10.1111/jan.13141.
Chamberlain C, Fergie D, Sinclair A, et al. Traditional midwifery or ‘wise women’models of leadership: Learning from Indigenous cultures: ‘… Lead so the mother is helped, yet still free and in charge…’Lao Tzu, 5th century BC. Leadership, 2016;12(3):346-363. https://doi.org/10.1177/1742715015608426.
Crozier K, Moore J, Kite K. Innovations and action research to develop research skills for nursing and midwifery practice: the Innovations in Nursing and Midwifery Practice Project study. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2012;21(11-12):1716-1725. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2702.2011.03936.x
De Leo A, Bayes S, Butt J, et al. Midwifery leaders' views on the factors considered crucial to implementing evidence-based practice in clinical areas. Women Birth. 2021;34(1):22-29. doi:10.1016/j.wombi.2020.08.013.
Downs JA, Mathad JS, Reif LK, et al. The ripple effect: why promoting female leadership in global health matters. Public Health Action. 2016;6(4):210-211. doi:10.5588/pha.16.0072
Ekşioğlu A, Demirelöz Akyüz M, Yücel U, et al. Doğum hastanelerinde çalışan ebelerin mesleki örgütlenme durumlarının ve beklentilerinin incelenmesi: İzmir ili örneği. Sürekli Tıp Eğitimi Dergisi. 2021;30 (1): 53-59.
Fu MR, Kurnat-Thoma E, Starkweather A, et al. Precision health: A nursing perspective. International of Journal Nursing Sciences. 2019;7(1):5-12. doi:10.1016/j.ijnss.2019.12.008
Gallagher-Ford L, Connor L. Transforming healthcare to evidence-based healthcare: A failure of leadership. The Journal of Nursing Administration. 2020;50(5):248-250. doi:10.1097/NNA.0000000000000878
Gifford W, Graham ID, Ehrhart MG, et al. Ottawa Model of Implementation Leadership and Implementation Leadership Scale: mapping concepts for developing and evaluating theory-based leadership interventions. Journal of Healthcare Leadership. 2017;9:15-23. doi:10.2147/JHL.S125558
Goemaes R, Beeckman D, Goossens J, et al. Advanced midwifery practice: An evolutionary concept analysis. Midwifery. 2016;42:29-37. doi:10.1016/j.midw.2016.09.004
Gursoy E, Aksoy MU. Determination of personality characteristics and leadership orientation of nursing and midwifery students. Journal of Education and Research in Nursing. 2021:18(1); 37-44.
Hunter B, Warren L. Midwives׳ experiences of workplace resilience. Midwifery. 2014;30(8):926-934. doi:10.1016/j.midw.2014.03.010.
International Confederation of Midwives (ICM). ICM Professional Framework for Midwifery 2021. (16/01/2024 tarihinde https://www.internationalmidwives.org/assets/files/general-files/2022/05/professional-framework-2022.pdf adresinden ulaşılmıştır).
International Confederation of Midwives (ICM). ICM Strategy 2017 - 2020 Quality Equity Leadership. (25.01.2024 tarihinde https://www.spnf.org.au/2018_presentations/Day2_16October/0815-0900_ICM_Strategy_2017-2020.pdf adresinden ulaşılmıştır).
Lapão LV. The nursing of the future: combining digital health and the leadership of nurses. Revista Latino-America de Enfermagem. 2020;28:1-3. doi:10.1590/1518-8345.0000.3338
Laukka E, Pölkki T, Kanste O. Leadership in the context of digital health services: A concept analysis. Journal of Nursing Management. 2022;30(7):2763-2780. doi:10.1111/jonm.13763
Lennon MK. Us, together-co-creating a mentoring in midwifery program in NSW. Women and Birth. 2022:35;29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2022.07.079
Lukasse M, Henriksen L. Norwegian midwives' perceptions of their practice environment: A mixed methods study. Nursing Open. 2019;6(4):1559-1570. doi:10.1002/nop2.358.
Lyberg A, Severinsson E. Midwives' supervisory styles and leadership role as experienced by Norwegian mothers in the context of a fear of childbirth. Journal of Nursing Management. 2010;18(4):391-399. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2834.2010.01083.x
Melnyk BM, Gallagher-Ford L, Thomas BK, et al. A study of chief nurse executives ındicates low prioritization of evidence-based practice and shortcomings in hospital performance metrics across the United States. Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing. 2016;13(1):6-14. doi:10.1111/wvn.12133.
Mortensen B, Diep LM, Lukasse M, et al. Women's satisfaction with midwife-led continuity of care: an observational study in Palestine. BMJ Open. 2019;9(11):1-9. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030324
Mosier S, Roberts WD, Englebright J. A systems-level method for developing nursing ınformatics solutions: The role of executive leadership. Journal of Nursing Administration. 2019;49(11):543-548. doi:10.1097/NNA.0000000000000815.
Mumcu N, Uzun B. Geçmişten günümüze ebelik eğitimi. Sağlık Akademisyenleri Dergisi, 2020; 7(3): 217-222.
Nursing Now. Nursing Now. (19/01/2024 tarihinde https://archive.nursingnow.org. Adresinde ulaşılmıştır).
Pallant JF, Dixon L, Sidebotham M, et al. Further validation of the perceptions of empowerment in midwifery scale. Midwifery. 2015;31(10):941-945. doi:10.1016/j.midw.2015.05.008.
Pallant JF, Dixon L, Sidebotham M, Fenwick J. Adaptation and psychometric testing of the Practice Environment Scale for use with midwives. Women Birth. 2016;29(1):24-29. doi:10.1016/j.wombi.2015.07.008.
Papadopoulos I, Lazzarino R, Koulouglioti C, et al. The ımportance of being a compassionate leader: The views of nursing and midwifery managers from around the world. Journal of Transcultural Nursing. 2021;32(6):765-777. doi:10.1177/10436596211008214.
Papadopoulos I, Lazzarino R, Koulouglioti C, et al. Obstacles to compassion-giving among nursing and midwifery managers: an international study. International Nursing Review. 2020;67(4):453-465. doi:10.1111/inr.12611.
Reichenpfader U, Carlfjord S, Nilsen P. Leadership in evidence-based practice: a systematic review. Leadership in Health Services (Bradford England). 2015;28(4):298-316. doi:10.1108/LHS-08-2014-0061.
Ross P, Cross R. Rise of the e-Nurse: the power of social media in nursing. Contemprary Nurse. 2019;55(2-3):211-220. doi:10.1080/10376178.2019.1641419.
Rumsey M, Iro E, Brown D, et al. Development practices in senior nursing and midwifery leadership: pathways to ımprovement in south pacific health policy. Policy Politics & Nursing Practice. 2022;23(3):195-206. doi:10.1177/15271544221095768.
Suswati E. Entrepreneurial leadership: Midwife competence and performance. International Journal of Entrepreneurship, 2020;24(1):1-9.
ten Hoope-Bender P, Lopes ST, Nove A, et al. Midwifery 2030: a woman's pathway to health. What does this mean?. Midwifery. 2016;32:1-6. doi:10.1016/j.midw.2015.10.014.
Thumm EB, Flynn L. The five attributes of a supportive midwifery practice climate: A review of the literature. Journal of Midwifery & Women’s Health. 2018;63(1):90-103. doi:10.1111/jmwh.12707
United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA). The state of the world’s midwifery 2021. (17/01/2024 tarihinde https://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/21-038-UNFPA-SoWMy2021-Report-ENv4302_0.pdf. adresinden ulaşılmıştır).
Walsh D, Spiby H, McCourt C, et al. Factors influencing the utilisation of free-standing and alongside midwifery units in England: a qualitative research study. BMJ Open. 2020;10(2):1-9. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033895.
World Health Organization (WHO). Delivered by women, led by men: a gender and equity analysis of the global health and social workforce. (16/01/2024 tarihinde https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/311322/9789241515467-eng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y adresinden ulaşılmıştır).
World Health Organization (WHO). The WHO Global Strategic Directions for Nursing and Midwifery (2021–2025). ( 18/01/2024 tarihinde https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240033863 adresinde ulaşılmıştır).
Yücel U, Kurt A, Cansever SM. Ebelikte yönetim ve liderlik. Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2018;7(3):93-100.
Referanslar
Abbott PA, Foster J, Marin Hde F, et al. Complexity and the science of implementation in health IT--knowledge gaps and future visions. International Journal of Medical Informatics. 2014;83(7):12-22. doi:10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2013.10.009
Alghamdi MG, Topp R, AlYami MS. The effect of gender on transformational leadership and job satisfaction among Saudi nurses. Jounal of Advanced Nursing. 2018;74(1):119-127. doi:10.1111/jan.13385.
Apore GN, Asamoah ES. Emotional intelligence, gender and transformational leadership among nurses in emerging economies. Leadership in Health Services (Bradford England). 2019;32(4):600-619. doi:10.1108/LHS-12-2018-0067.
Attanasio LB, Alarid-Escudero F, Kozhimannil KB. Midwife-led care and obstetrician-led care for low-risk pregnancies: A cost comparison. Birth. 2020;47(1):57-66. doi:10.1111/birt.12464
Bayliss-Pratt L, Daley M, Bhattacharya-Craven A. Nursing Now 2020: the Nightingale Challenge. International Nursing Review. 2020;67(1):7-10. doi:10.1111/inr.12579.
Bharj KK, Luyben A, Avery MD, et al. An agenda for midwifery education: Advancing the state of the world׳s midwifery. Midwifery. 2016;33:3-6. doi:10.1016/j.midw.2016.01.004.
Bradfield Z, Duggan R, Hauck Y, et al. Midwives being 'with woman': An integrative review. Women Birth. 2018;31(2):143-152. doi:10.1016/j.wombi.2017.07.011.
Carragher J, Gormley K. Leadership and emotional intelligence in nursing and midwifery education and practice: a discussion paper. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2017;73(1):85-96. doi:10.1111/jan.13141.
Chamberlain C, Fergie D, Sinclair A, et al. Traditional midwifery or ‘wise women’models of leadership: Learning from Indigenous cultures: ‘… Lead so the mother is helped, yet still free and in charge…’Lao Tzu, 5th century BC. Leadership, 2016;12(3):346-363. https://doi.org/10.1177/1742715015608426.
Crozier K, Moore J, Kite K. Innovations and action research to develop research skills for nursing and midwifery practice: the Innovations in Nursing and Midwifery Practice Project study. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2012;21(11-12):1716-1725. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2702.2011.03936.x
De Leo A, Bayes S, Butt J, et al. Midwifery leaders' views on the factors considered crucial to implementing evidence-based practice in clinical areas. Women Birth. 2021;34(1):22-29. doi:10.1016/j.wombi.2020.08.013.
Downs JA, Mathad JS, Reif LK, et al. The ripple effect: why promoting female leadership in global health matters. Public Health Action. 2016;6(4):210-211. doi:10.5588/pha.16.0072
Ekşioğlu A, Demirelöz Akyüz M, Yücel U, et al. Doğum hastanelerinde çalışan ebelerin mesleki örgütlenme durumlarının ve beklentilerinin incelenmesi: İzmir ili örneği. Sürekli Tıp Eğitimi Dergisi. 2021;30 (1): 53-59.
Fu MR, Kurnat-Thoma E, Starkweather A, et al. Precision health: A nursing perspective. International of Journal Nursing Sciences. 2019;7(1):5-12. doi:10.1016/j.ijnss.2019.12.008
Gallagher-Ford L, Connor L. Transforming healthcare to evidence-based healthcare: A failure of leadership. The Journal of Nursing Administration. 2020;50(5):248-250. doi:10.1097/NNA.0000000000000878
Gifford W, Graham ID, Ehrhart MG, et al. Ottawa Model of Implementation Leadership and Implementation Leadership Scale: mapping concepts for developing and evaluating theory-based leadership interventions. Journal of Healthcare Leadership. 2017;9:15-23. doi:10.2147/JHL.S125558
Goemaes R, Beeckman D, Goossens J, et al. Advanced midwifery practice: An evolutionary concept analysis. Midwifery. 2016;42:29-37. doi:10.1016/j.midw.2016.09.004
Gursoy E, Aksoy MU. Determination of personality characteristics and leadership orientation of nursing and midwifery students. Journal of Education and Research in Nursing. 2021:18(1); 37-44.
Hunter B, Warren L. Midwives׳ experiences of workplace resilience. Midwifery. 2014;30(8):926-934. doi:10.1016/j.midw.2014.03.010.
International Confederation of Midwives (ICM). ICM Professional Framework for Midwifery 2021. (16/01/2024 tarihinde https://www.internationalmidwives.org/assets/files/general-files/2022/05/professional-framework-2022.pdf adresinden ulaşılmıştır).
International Confederation of Midwives (ICM). ICM Strategy 2017 - 2020 Quality Equity Leadership. (25.01.2024 tarihinde https://www.spnf.org.au/2018_presentations/Day2_16October/0815-0900_ICM_Strategy_2017-2020.pdf adresinden ulaşılmıştır).
Lapão LV. The nursing of the future: combining digital health and the leadership of nurses. Revista Latino-America de Enfermagem. 2020;28:1-3. doi:10.1590/1518-8345.0000.3338
Laukka E, Pölkki T, Kanste O. Leadership in the context of digital health services: A concept analysis. Journal of Nursing Management. 2022;30(7):2763-2780. doi:10.1111/jonm.13763
Lennon MK. Us, together-co-creating a mentoring in midwifery program in NSW. Women and Birth. 2022:35;29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2022.07.079
Lukasse M, Henriksen L. Norwegian midwives' perceptions of their practice environment: A mixed methods study. Nursing Open. 2019;6(4):1559-1570. doi:10.1002/nop2.358.
Lyberg A, Severinsson E. Midwives' supervisory styles and leadership role as experienced by Norwegian mothers in the context of a fear of childbirth. Journal of Nursing Management. 2010;18(4):391-399. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2834.2010.01083.x
Melnyk BM, Gallagher-Ford L, Thomas BK, et al. A study of chief nurse executives ındicates low prioritization of evidence-based practice and shortcomings in hospital performance metrics across the United States. Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing. 2016;13(1):6-14. doi:10.1111/wvn.12133.
Mortensen B, Diep LM, Lukasse M, et al. Women's satisfaction with midwife-led continuity of care: an observational study in Palestine. BMJ Open. 2019;9(11):1-9. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030324
Mosier S, Roberts WD, Englebright J. A systems-level method for developing nursing ınformatics solutions: The role of executive leadership. Journal of Nursing Administration. 2019;49(11):543-548. doi:10.1097/NNA.0000000000000815.
Mumcu N, Uzun B. Geçmişten günümüze ebelik eğitimi. Sağlık Akademisyenleri Dergisi, 2020; 7(3): 217-222.
Nursing Now. Nursing Now. (19/01/2024 tarihinde https://archive.nursingnow.org. Adresinde ulaşılmıştır).
Pallant JF, Dixon L, Sidebotham M, et al. Further validation of the perceptions of empowerment in midwifery scale. Midwifery. 2015;31(10):941-945. doi:10.1016/j.midw.2015.05.008.
Pallant JF, Dixon L, Sidebotham M, Fenwick J. Adaptation and psychometric testing of the Practice Environment Scale for use with midwives. Women Birth. 2016;29(1):24-29. doi:10.1016/j.wombi.2015.07.008.
Papadopoulos I, Lazzarino R, Koulouglioti C, et al. The ımportance of being a compassionate leader: The views of nursing and midwifery managers from around the world. Journal of Transcultural Nursing. 2021;32(6):765-777. doi:10.1177/10436596211008214.
Papadopoulos I, Lazzarino R, Koulouglioti C, et al. Obstacles to compassion-giving among nursing and midwifery managers: an international study. International Nursing Review. 2020;67(4):453-465. doi:10.1111/inr.12611.
Reichenpfader U, Carlfjord S, Nilsen P. Leadership in evidence-based practice: a systematic review. Leadership in Health Services (Bradford England). 2015;28(4):298-316. doi:10.1108/LHS-08-2014-0061.
Ross P, Cross R. Rise of the e-Nurse: the power of social media in nursing. Contemprary Nurse. 2019;55(2-3):211-220. doi:10.1080/10376178.2019.1641419.
Rumsey M, Iro E, Brown D, et al. Development practices in senior nursing and midwifery leadership: pathways to ımprovement in south pacific health policy. Policy Politics & Nursing Practice. 2022;23(3):195-206. doi:10.1177/15271544221095768.
Suswati E. Entrepreneurial leadership: Midwife competence and performance. International Journal of Entrepreneurship, 2020;24(1):1-9.
ten Hoope-Bender P, Lopes ST, Nove A, et al. Midwifery 2030: a woman's pathway to health. What does this mean?. Midwifery. 2016;32:1-6. doi:10.1016/j.midw.2015.10.014.
Thumm EB, Flynn L. The five attributes of a supportive midwifery practice climate: A review of the literature. Journal of Midwifery & Women’s Health. 2018;63(1):90-103. doi:10.1111/jmwh.12707
United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA). The state of the world’s midwifery 2021. (17/01/2024 tarihinde https://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/21-038-UNFPA-SoWMy2021-Report-ENv4302_0.pdf. adresinden ulaşılmıştır).
Walsh D, Spiby H, McCourt C, et al. Factors influencing the utilisation of free-standing and alongside midwifery units in England: a qualitative research study. BMJ Open. 2020;10(2):1-9. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033895.
World Health Organization (WHO). Delivered by women, led by men: a gender and equity analysis of the global health and social workforce. (16/01/2024 tarihinde https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/311322/9789241515467-eng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y adresinden ulaşılmıştır).
World Health Organization (WHO). The WHO Global Strategic Directions for Nursing and Midwifery (2021–2025). ( 18/01/2024 tarihinde https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240033863 adresinde ulaşılmıştır).
Yücel U, Kurt A, Cansever SM. Ebelikte yönetim ve liderlik. Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2018;7(3):93-100.
