Nöropatik Yaralar ve Bakım Yönetimi
Özet
Nöropatik yaralar, periferik vasküler hastalık, mikro dolaşım hasarı veya kötü glisemik kontrolden kaynaklanır. Nöropatik yara yönetimi multidisipliner bir ekip çalışması gerektirmektedir. Hemşirelerde bu ekibin içinde yer almalıdır. Hemşireler yara bakımı yönetimi ve tedavi süreci hakkında bilgi sahibi olmalıdır. Hemşireler hastaların yara bakımı, yaşam tarzı değişikliği, risk faktörleri ve oluşabilecek komplikasyonlar konusunda hastaya ve bakım veren hastalara düzenli aralıklarla eğitim vermelidir. Yara takibinde standardizasyon sağlayarak yara yönetimi sağlamalıdır.
Referanslar
Eastman DM, Dreyer MA. Neuropathic Ulcer [Internet]. StatPearls. 2023. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12803674
Hoversten KP, Kiemele LJ, Stolp AM, Takahashi PY, Verdoorn BP. Prevention, Diagnosis, and Management of Chronic Wounds in Older Adults. Mayo Clin Proc [Internet]. 2020 Sep;95(9):2021–34. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0025619619308869
Öğce F, Yasak K. Nöropatik yaralar ve hemşirelik bakımı. Turkiye Klin J Surg Nurs-Special Top. 2017;3(3):211–5.
İH K, Kemaloğlu C. The Anatomy of the Diabetic Foot and the Importance of Plantigrade Foot. Türkiye Klin. 2020;(February):1–6.
Izenberg A, Perkins B, Bril V. Diabetic Neuropathies. Semin Neurol [Internet]. 2015 Oct 6;35(04):424–30. Available from: http://www.thieme-connect.de/DOI/DOI?10.1055/s-0035-1558972
American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee. Diabetes Care [Internet]. 2022 Jan 1;45(Supplement_1):185-S194. Available from: https://diabetesjournals.org/care/article/45/Supplement_1/S185/138917/12-Retinopathy-Neuropathy-and-Foot-Care-Standards
Mononeuropathy [Internet]. 2016. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/mononeuropathy
Hicks CW, Selvin E. Epidemiology of Peripheral Neuropathy and Lower Extremity Disease in Diabetes [Internet]. Vol. 19, Current Diabetes Reports. 2019 Oct. Available from: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11892-019-1212-8
Donofrio PD. Textbook of Peripheral Neuropathy [Internet]. Donofrio PD, editor. New York: Demos Medical; 2012. 1 p. Available from: https://books.google.com.tr/books?hl=tr&lr=&id=ozIep65VKkYC&oi=fnd&pg=PP2&dq=focal+neuropathies,+cranial+neuropathy&ots=KKtsHDJk0a&sig=hjmDmwAnfOg28b1WZqaKOwQGbCM&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=focal neuropathies%2C cranial neuropathy&f=false
Karlsson P, Hincker AM, Jensen TS, Freeman R, Haroutounian S. Structural, functional, and symptom relations in painful distal symmetric polyneuropathies: a systematic review. Pain [Internet]. 2019 Feb 27;160(2):286–97. Available from: https://journals.lww.com/00006396-201902000-00003
Feldman EL, Callaghan BC, Pop-Busui R, Zochodne DW, Wright DE, Bennett DL, et al. Diabetic neuropathy. Nat Rev Dis Prim [Internet]. 2019 Jun 13;5(1):41. Available from: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41572-019-0092-1
Gürgör N, İncesu TK. Fokal Nöropatilerde Sinir İletimi. Türkiye Klin Nöroloji - Özel Konular. 2014;7(1):36–44.
Ünal E, Akan O, Üçler S. Diyabet ve Nörolojik Hastalıklar. Okmeydanı Tıp Derg. 2015;31:45–51.
Sarman H, Işık C, Çakıcı H, Engin Özturan K, Boz M, Alper Şahin A, et al. Periferik Nöropati Hastalarında Gereksiz EMG Kullanımı Unnecessary EMG use in patients with peripheral neuropathy. Eur J Heal Sci [Internet]. 2015;1(2):63–5. Available from: www.eurjhs.com
Hicks CW, Selvin E. Epidemiology of Peripheral Neuropathy and Lower Extremity Disease in Diabetes. Curr Diab Rep. 2019;19(10).
Syabariyah S, Nurachmah E, Widjojo BD, Prasetyo S, Sanada H, Irianto, et al. The Effect of Vibration on the Acceleration of Wound Healing of Diabetic Neuropathic Foot Ulcer: A Prospective Experimental Study on Human Patients. Healthcare [Internet]. 2023 Jan 9;11(2):191. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/11/2/191
Bodman MA, Varacallo M. Peripheral Diabetic Neuropathy [Internet]. StatPearls. 2023. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30142834
Urso B, Ghias M, John A, Khachemoune A. Neuropathic ulcers: a focused review. Int J Dermatol. 2021;60(10):e383–9.
Dominic SK, Visovsky C, Rice J. A Nurse’s Guide to the Prevention of Neuropathic Ulcers in Patients with Diabetes. Medsurg Nurs [Internet]. 2015;24(5):299–303, 308. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26665864
Anastasi JK, Klug C. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Nursing (Lond) [Internet]. 2021 Apr;51(4):34–40. Available from: https://journals.lww.com/10.1097/01.NURSE.0000736904.62783.68
Urso B, Ghias M, John A, Khachemoune A. Neuropathic ulcers: a focused review. Int J Dermatol [Internet]. 2021 Oct 17;60(10). Available from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ijd.15362
Crestodina LR. Understanding Neuropathic Wounds. J Wound, Ostomy Cont Nurs [Internet]. 2015 Jan;42(1):100–1. Available from: https://journals.lww.com/00152192-201501000-00016
Emily C, Anthony AA. Nöroloji Cep Kitabı Özet Bilgiler ve Güncel Notlar. Süer D, editor. Ankara: Güneş Tıp Kitapevleri; 2016. 215–224 p.
Murphy GA, Woelfel SL, Armstrong DG. What to put on (and what to take off) a wound: treating a chronic neuropathic ulcer with an autologous homologous skin construct, offloading and common sense. Oxford Med Case Reports [Internet]. 2020 Aug 1;2020(8). Available from: https://academic.oup.com/omcr/article/doi/10.1093/omcr/omaa058/5890277
Lindberg K, Møller BS, Kirketerp-Møller K, Kristensen MT. An exercise program for people with severe peripheral neuropathy and diabetic foot ulcers – a case series on feasibility and safety. Disabil Rehabil [Internet]. 2020 Jan 16;42(2):183–9. Available from: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09638288.2018.1494212
Niezgoda JA, Baranosk S, Ayello EA, McIntosh A, Montoya L, Scarborough P. Wound Care Essentials Practice Principles. Ayello EA, Baranoski S, editors. China; 2016. 232–327 p.
Toraman MM, Güneş H. Diyabet ve Hemşirelik. Sönmez Sarı E, Kırbaş ZÖ, editors. Ankara: Akademisyen Kitabevi; 2022. 99–109 p.
Guideline: The Assessment of People with Diabetic/Neuropathic Foot Ulcers [Internet]. South West Regional Wound Care Program. 2020. Available from: https://www.swrwoundcareprogram.ca/OpenSearch/Search
Görgülü Ü, Çiftçi S, Polat Ü. Diyabetik Nöropatinin Yönetiminde Güncel Tedavi Yaklaşımları ve Hemşirelik Bakımı. Sağlık Bilim Değer [Internet]. 2022 Sep 20;12(3):560–5. Available from: http://dergipark.org.tr/tr/doi/10.33631/sabd.1174408
Jakucs C. Diabetic Foot Ulcer Classifications: The Wagner Scale and the UT System [Internet]. Wound Care Education Institute. 2023. Available from: https://blog.wcei.net/wagner-scale
Shah P, Inturi R, Anne D, Jadhav D, Viswambharan V, Khadilkar R, et al. Wagner’s Classification as a Tool for Treating Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Our Observations at a Suburban Teaching Hospital. Cureus [Internet]. 2022 Jan 22;14(1):e21501. Available from: https://www.cureus.com/articles/82780-wagners-classification-as-a-tool-for-treating-diabetic-foot-ulcers-our-observations-at-a-suburban-teaching-hospital
Del Core MA, Ahn J, Lewis RB, Raspovic KM, Lalli TAJ, Wukich DK. The Evaluation and Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcers and Diabetic Foot Infections. Foot Ankle Orthop [Internet]. 2018 Jul 1;3(3):247301141878886. Available from: http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2473011418788864
Ramakrishnan Ramesh D, Ahmed Shaikh F, Ilyas Nadeem M. Current Perspective of Prevention and Management of Diabetic Foot. In: Diabetic Foot - Recent Advances [Internet]. IntechOpen; 2023. Available from: https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/84400
Grennan D. Diabetic Foot Ulcers. JAMA [Internet]. 2019 Jan 1;321(1):114. Available from: http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?doi=10.1001/jama.2018.18323
Chew EY, Davis MD, Danis RP, Lovato JF, Perdue LH, Greven C, et al. The Effects of Medical Management on the Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy in Persons with Type 2 Diabetes. Ophthalmology [Internet]. 2014 Dec;121(12):2443–51. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S016164201400623X
Ferris FL, Nathan DM. Preventing Diabetic Retinopathy Progression. Ophthalmology [Internet]. 2016 Sep;123(9):1840–2. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0161642016304067
Lim JZM, Ng NSL, Thomas C. Prevention and treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. J R Soc Med [Internet]. 2017 Mar 24;110(3):104–9. Available from: http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0141076816688346
Goodall RJ, Ellauzi J, Tan MKH, Onida S, Davies AH, Shalhoub J. A Systematic Review of the Impact of Foot Care Education on Self Efficacy and Self Care in Patients With Diabetes. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg [Internet]. 2020 Aug;60(2):282–92. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1078588420303233
Referanslar
Eastman DM, Dreyer MA. Neuropathic Ulcer [Internet]. StatPearls. 2023. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12803674
Hoversten KP, Kiemele LJ, Stolp AM, Takahashi PY, Verdoorn BP. Prevention, Diagnosis, and Management of Chronic Wounds in Older Adults. Mayo Clin Proc [Internet]. 2020 Sep;95(9):2021–34. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0025619619308869
Öğce F, Yasak K. Nöropatik yaralar ve hemşirelik bakımı. Turkiye Klin J Surg Nurs-Special Top. 2017;3(3):211–5.
İH K, Kemaloğlu C. The Anatomy of the Diabetic Foot and the Importance of Plantigrade Foot. Türkiye Klin. 2020;(February):1–6.
Izenberg A, Perkins B, Bril V. Diabetic Neuropathies. Semin Neurol [Internet]. 2015 Oct 6;35(04):424–30. Available from: http://www.thieme-connect.de/DOI/DOI?10.1055/s-0035-1558972
American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee. Diabetes Care [Internet]. 2022 Jan 1;45(Supplement_1):185-S194. Available from: https://diabetesjournals.org/care/article/45/Supplement_1/S185/138917/12-Retinopathy-Neuropathy-and-Foot-Care-Standards
Mononeuropathy [Internet]. 2016. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/mononeuropathy
Hicks CW, Selvin E. Epidemiology of Peripheral Neuropathy and Lower Extremity Disease in Diabetes [Internet]. Vol. 19, Current Diabetes Reports. 2019 Oct. Available from: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11892-019-1212-8
Donofrio PD. Textbook of Peripheral Neuropathy [Internet]. Donofrio PD, editor. New York: Demos Medical; 2012. 1 p. Available from: https://books.google.com.tr/books?hl=tr&lr=&id=ozIep65VKkYC&oi=fnd&pg=PP2&dq=focal+neuropathies,+cranial+neuropathy&ots=KKtsHDJk0a&sig=hjmDmwAnfOg28b1WZqaKOwQGbCM&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=focal neuropathies%2C cranial neuropathy&f=false
Karlsson P, Hincker AM, Jensen TS, Freeman R, Haroutounian S. Structural, functional, and symptom relations in painful distal symmetric polyneuropathies: a systematic review. Pain [Internet]. 2019 Feb 27;160(2):286–97. Available from: https://journals.lww.com/00006396-201902000-00003
Feldman EL, Callaghan BC, Pop-Busui R, Zochodne DW, Wright DE, Bennett DL, et al. Diabetic neuropathy. Nat Rev Dis Prim [Internet]. 2019 Jun 13;5(1):41. Available from: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41572-019-0092-1
Gürgör N, İncesu TK. Fokal Nöropatilerde Sinir İletimi. Türkiye Klin Nöroloji - Özel Konular. 2014;7(1):36–44.
Ünal E, Akan O, Üçler S. Diyabet ve Nörolojik Hastalıklar. Okmeydanı Tıp Derg. 2015;31:45–51.
Sarman H, Işık C, Çakıcı H, Engin Özturan K, Boz M, Alper Şahin A, et al. Periferik Nöropati Hastalarında Gereksiz EMG Kullanımı Unnecessary EMG use in patients with peripheral neuropathy. Eur J Heal Sci [Internet]. 2015;1(2):63–5. Available from: www.eurjhs.com
Hicks CW, Selvin E. Epidemiology of Peripheral Neuropathy and Lower Extremity Disease in Diabetes. Curr Diab Rep. 2019;19(10).
Syabariyah S, Nurachmah E, Widjojo BD, Prasetyo S, Sanada H, Irianto, et al. The Effect of Vibration on the Acceleration of Wound Healing of Diabetic Neuropathic Foot Ulcer: A Prospective Experimental Study on Human Patients. Healthcare [Internet]. 2023 Jan 9;11(2):191. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/11/2/191
Bodman MA, Varacallo M. Peripheral Diabetic Neuropathy [Internet]. StatPearls. 2023. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30142834
Urso B, Ghias M, John A, Khachemoune A. Neuropathic ulcers: a focused review. Int J Dermatol. 2021;60(10):e383–9.
Dominic SK, Visovsky C, Rice J. A Nurse’s Guide to the Prevention of Neuropathic Ulcers in Patients with Diabetes. Medsurg Nurs [Internet]. 2015;24(5):299–303, 308. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26665864
Anastasi JK, Klug C. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Nursing (Lond) [Internet]. 2021 Apr;51(4):34–40. Available from: https://journals.lww.com/10.1097/01.NURSE.0000736904.62783.68
Urso B, Ghias M, John A, Khachemoune A. Neuropathic ulcers: a focused review. Int J Dermatol [Internet]. 2021 Oct 17;60(10). Available from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ijd.15362
Crestodina LR. Understanding Neuropathic Wounds. J Wound, Ostomy Cont Nurs [Internet]. 2015 Jan;42(1):100–1. Available from: https://journals.lww.com/00152192-201501000-00016
Emily C, Anthony AA. Nöroloji Cep Kitabı Özet Bilgiler ve Güncel Notlar. Süer D, editor. Ankara: Güneş Tıp Kitapevleri; 2016. 215–224 p.
Murphy GA, Woelfel SL, Armstrong DG. What to put on (and what to take off) a wound: treating a chronic neuropathic ulcer with an autologous homologous skin construct, offloading and common sense. Oxford Med Case Reports [Internet]. 2020 Aug 1;2020(8). Available from: https://academic.oup.com/omcr/article/doi/10.1093/omcr/omaa058/5890277
Lindberg K, Møller BS, Kirketerp-Møller K, Kristensen MT. An exercise program for people with severe peripheral neuropathy and diabetic foot ulcers – a case series on feasibility and safety. Disabil Rehabil [Internet]. 2020 Jan 16;42(2):183–9. Available from: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09638288.2018.1494212
Niezgoda JA, Baranosk S, Ayello EA, McIntosh A, Montoya L, Scarborough P. Wound Care Essentials Practice Principles. Ayello EA, Baranoski S, editors. China; 2016. 232–327 p.
Toraman MM, Güneş H. Diyabet ve Hemşirelik. Sönmez Sarı E, Kırbaş ZÖ, editors. Ankara: Akademisyen Kitabevi; 2022. 99–109 p.
Guideline: The Assessment of People with Diabetic/Neuropathic Foot Ulcers [Internet]. South West Regional Wound Care Program. 2020. Available from: https://www.swrwoundcareprogram.ca/OpenSearch/Search
Görgülü Ü, Çiftçi S, Polat Ü. Diyabetik Nöropatinin Yönetiminde Güncel Tedavi Yaklaşımları ve Hemşirelik Bakımı. Sağlık Bilim Değer [Internet]. 2022 Sep 20;12(3):560–5. Available from: http://dergipark.org.tr/tr/doi/10.33631/sabd.1174408
Jakucs C. Diabetic Foot Ulcer Classifications: The Wagner Scale and the UT System [Internet]. Wound Care Education Institute. 2023. Available from: https://blog.wcei.net/wagner-scale
Shah P, Inturi R, Anne D, Jadhav D, Viswambharan V, Khadilkar R, et al. Wagner’s Classification as a Tool for Treating Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Our Observations at a Suburban Teaching Hospital. Cureus [Internet]. 2022 Jan 22;14(1):e21501. Available from: https://www.cureus.com/articles/82780-wagners-classification-as-a-tool-for-treating-diabetic-foot-ulcers-our-observations-at-a-suburban-teaching-hospital
Del Core MA, Ahn J, Lewis RB, Raspovic KM, Lalli TAJ, Wukich DK. The Evaluation and Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcers and Diabetic Foot Infections. Foot Ankle Orthop [Internet]. 2018 Jul 1;3(3):247301141878886. Available from: http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2473011418788864
Ramakrishnan Ramesh D, Ahmed Shaikh F, Ilyas Nadeem M. Current Perspective of Prevention and Management of Diabetic Foot. In: Diabetic Foot - Recent Advances [Internet]. IntechOpen; 2023. Available from: https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/84400
Grennan D. Diabetic Foot Ulcers. JAMA [Internet]. 2019 Jan 1;321(1):114. Available from: http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?doi=10.1001/jama.2018.18323
Chew EY, Davis MD, Danis RP, Lovato JF, Perdue LH, Greven C, et al. The Effects of Medical Management on the Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy in Persons with Type 2 Diabetes. Ophthalmology [Internet]. 2014 Dec;121(12):2443–51. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S016164201400623X
Ferris FL, Nathan DM. Preventing Diabetic Retinopathy Progression. Ophthalmology [Internet]. 2016 Sep;123(9):1840–2. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0161642016304067
Lim JZM, Ng NSL, Thomas C. Prevention and treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. J R Soc Med [Internet]. 2017 Mar 24;110(3):104–9. Available from: http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0141076816688346
Goodall RJ, Ellauzi J, Tan MKH, Onida S, Davies AH, Shalhoub J. A Systematic Review of the Impact of Foot Care Education on Self Efficacy and Self Care in Patients With Diabetes. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg [Internet]. 2020 Aug;60(2):282–92. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1078588420303233
