Spora Katılım Öncesi Öykü ve Fizik Muayene İle Kardiyak Değerlendirme
Özet
Dünyada pek çok yerde ve ülkemizde her geçen gün çocukların ve gençlerin spora olan ilgisi artmaktadır. Bu durum neticesinde spor öncesi yapılacak olan kardiyak değerlendirme önem kazanmaktadır. Bu amaçla yapılacak ilk işlem güzel bir öykü ve yapılan fizik muayene olmalıdır. Kişisel ve aile öyküsünde ve fizik muayenede spora katılım öncesinde nelere dikkat edilmesi gerektiği ile ilgili, AHA (Amerikan Kalp Derneği) ve ESC (Avrupa Kardiyoloji Topluluğu)’nun önerileri bulunmaktadır. Yapılacak değerlendirmede bu önerilerin göz önünde bulundurulması önem arz etmektedir. Ayrıca, öykü de senkop durumunda vasovagal senkobun kardiyojenik senkoptan ayırt edilmesi, fizik muayenede üfürüm duyulduğunda masum üfürümün patolojik olandan ayırt edilmesi gibi önemli detayların ilgili hekim tarafından dikkatlice değerlendirilmesi gerekmektedir. Spor öncesi tarama testleri olarak Amerika’da sadece öykü ve fizik muayene kullanılırken, ülkemizde ve Avrupa ülkelerinde bu ilk değerlendirmenin içinde elektrokardiyografi de yer almaktadır ki her iki ekolde de öykü ve fizik muayenenin önemi tartışılmazdır.
Referanslar
Domenico Corrado, MD, PhD; Cristina Basso, MD, PhD; Andrea Pavei, MD;et al ,Trends in Sudden Cardiovascular Death in Young Competitive Athletes After Implementation of a Preparticipation Screening Program ,JAMA, October 4, 2006—Vol 296, No. 13
Corrado D, Basso C, Schiavon M, Thiene G. Screening for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in young athletes. New Engl J Med 1998;339:364–369
Maron BJ, Roberts WC, McAllister MH, Rosing DR, Epstein SE. Sudden death in young athletes. Circulation 1980;62:218–229.
Burke AP, Farb A, Virmani R, Goodin J, Smialek JE. Sports-related and non-sports-related sudden cardiac death in young adults. Am Heart J 1991;121:568–575.
Maron BJ, Bodison SA, Wesley YE, Tucker E, Green KJ. Results of screening a large group of intercollegiate competitive athletes for cardiovascular disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 1987;10:1214–1221.
Domenico Corrado, Antonio Pelliccia, Cardiovascular pre-participation screening of young competitive athletes for prevention of sudden death: proposal for a common European protocol, Eur Heart J.2005 Mar;26(5):516-24
İ. İ. Çetin Et Al. ,"The pre-participation screening in young athletes: Which protocol do we need exactly?," Cardiology in the Young , vol.28, no.4, pp.536-541, 2018
Myung Park, Mehrdad Salamat.Park's Pediatric Cardiology for Practitioners.7th Edition - June 4, 2020
Jean-Marc Côté MD, Pavillon CHUL.Syncope in children and adolescents: Evaluation and treatmentPaediatr Child Health Vol 6 No 8 October 200
Rowe BH, Dulberg CS, Peterson RG, Vlad P, Li MM. Characteristics of children presenting with chest pain to a pediatric emergency department. CMAJ 1990;143:388-94.
Thomas W Rowland ,Evaluating cardiac symptoms in the athlete: is it safe to play? Clin J Sport Med actions 2005 Nov;15(6):417-20
Sponseller PD, Erkula G, Skolasky RL, Venuti KD, Dietz HC. Improving clinical recognition of Marfan syndrome. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010 Aug 04;92(9):1868-75
L. Thomas; Joseph Heaton; Amgad N. Makaryus. Physiology, Cardiovascular MurmursSeth
Ashley V Austin, David S Owens , Jordan M Prutkin et al Do 'pathologic' cardiac murmurs in adolescents identify structural heart disease? An evaluation of 15 141 active adolescents for conditions that put them at risk of sudden cardiac death, Br J Sports Med2022 Jan;56(2):88-94
James MacDonald , Marie Schaefer, Justin Stumph, The Preparticipation Physical Evaluation Am Fam Physician 2021 May 1;103(9):539-546. 16) R L Bratton Preparticipation screening of children for sports. Current recommendations ports Med actions1997 Nov;24(5):300-7
Referanslar
Domenico Corrado, MD, PhD; Cristina Basso, MD, PhD; Andrea Pavei, MD;et al ,Trends in Sudden Cardiovascular Death in Young Competitive Athletes After Implementation of a Preparticipation Screening Program ,JAMA, October 4, 2006—Vol 296, No. 13
Corrado D, Basso C, Schiavon M, Thiene G. Screening for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in young athletes. New Engl J Med 1998;339:364–369
Maron BJ, Roberts WC, McAllister MH, Rosing DR, Epstein SE. Sudden death in young athletes. Circulation 1980;62:218–229.
Burke AP, Farb A, Virmani R, Goodin J, Smialek JE. Sports-related and non-sports-related sudden cardiac death in young adults. Am Heart J 1991;121:568–575.
Maron BJ, Bodison SA, Wesley YE, Tucker E, Green KJ. Results of screening a large group of intercollegiate competitive athletes for cardiovascular disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 1987;10:1214–1221.
Domenico Corrado, Antonio Pelliccia, Cardiovascular pre-participation screening of young competitive athletes for prevention of sudden death: proposal for a common European protocol, Eur Heart J.2005 Mar;26(5):516-24
İ. İ. Çetin Et Al. ,"The pre-participation screening in young athletes: Which protocol do we need exactly?," Cardiology in the Young , vol.28, no.4, pp.536-541, 2018
Myung Park, Mehrdad Salamat.Park's Pediatric Cardiology for Practitioners.7th Edition - June 4, 2020
Jean-Marc Côté MD, Pavillon CHUL.Syncope in children and adolescents: Evaluation and treatmentPaediatr Child Health Vol 6 No 8 October 200
Rowe BH, Dulberg CS, Peterson RG, Vlad P, Li MM. Characteristics of children presenting with chest pain to a pediatric emergency department. CMAJ 1990;143:388-94.
Thomas W Rowland ,Evaluating cardiac symptoms in the athlete: is it safe to play? Clin J Sport Med actions 2005 Nov;15(6):417-20
Sponseller PD, Erkula G, Skolasky RL, Venuti KD, Dietz HC. Improving clinical recognition of Marfan syndrome. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010 Aug 04;92(9):1868-75
L. Thomas; Joseph Heaton; Amgad N. Makaryus. Physiology, Cardiovascular MurmursSeth
Ashley V Austin, David S Owens , Jordan M Prutkin et al Do 'pathologic' cardiac murmurs in adolescents identify structural heart disease? An evaluation of 15 141 active adolescents for conditions that put them at risk of sudden cardiac death, Br J Sports Med2022 Jan;56(2):88-94
James MacDonald , Marie Schaefer, Justin Stumph, The Preparticipation Physical Evaluation Am Fam Physician 2021 May 1;103(9):539-546. 16) R L Bratton Preparticipation screening of children for sports. Current recommendations ports Med actions1997 Nov;24(5):300-7
