Kolorektal Tümörler
Özet
Kolorektal kanser, kolon (kalın bağırsak) veya rektumda başlayan, epitelyal dokudan köken alan malign neoplazilerdir. Adenomatöz poliplerin malign transformasyonu, kolorektal kanserlerin en sık görülen etiyolojisidir. Genetik (Lynch sendromu, FAP gibi) ve çevresel faktörler (yaş, beslenme, inflamatuvar barsak hastalıkları) bu hastalığın gelişiminde önemli rol oynar. TNM evreleme sistemi ile hastalığın yaygınlığı değerlendirilir ve tedavi planlaması bu evreleme üzerine kurulur. Cerrahi, kemoterapi, radyoterapi ve hedefli tedaviler gibi çeşitli modalitelerle kombine tedavi yaklaşımları, kolorektal kanser yönetiminde güncel standartları oluşturmaktadır.
Colorectal cancer is a malignant neoplasm originating from the epithelial tissue of the colon or rectum. Malignant transformation of adenomatous polyps is the most common etiology of colorectal cancer. Genetic factors (such as Lynch syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis) and environmental factors (age, diet, inflammatory bowel diseases) play significant roles in the development of this disease. The TNM staging system is used to assess the extent of the disease, and treatment plans are based on this staging. Combined treatment approaches using various modalities such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and targeted therapies constitute the current standards of care for colorectal cancer management.
Referanslar
Townsend CM, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL. Sabiston Textbook of Surgery. 21st ed. Elsevier; 2021.
Brunicardi FC, Andersen D, Billiar TR, Dunn DL, Kao LS, Hunter JG, et al. Schwartz’s Principles of Surgery. 11th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education LLC; 2019.
Magee WP, Longo WE. Surgical management of colonic polyps: a review. JAMA Surg. 2018;153:536-541.
Kann KR, Stamos MJ. Surgical treatment of colon cancer: a review. JAMA Surg. 2019;154:752-759.
Referanslar
Townsend CM, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL. Sabiston Textbook of Surgery. 21st ed. Elsevier; 2021.
Brunicardi FC, Andersen D, Billiar TR, Dunn DL, Kao LS, Hunter JG, et al. Schwartz’s Principles of Surgery. 11th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education LLC; 2019.
Magee WP, Longo WE. Surgical management of colonic polyps: a review. JAMA Surg. 2018;153:536-541.
Kann KR, Stamos MJ. Surgical treatment of colon cancer: a review. JAMA Surg. 2019;154:752-759.