İklim Değişikliği ve Gezegen Sağlığı: Hemşireler İçin Temel Bilgiler
Özet
Dünyanın dört bir yanındaki ülkeler bugün iklim değişikliğinin, deniz seviyesinin yükselmesine bağlı oluşan seller, şiddetli fırtınalar, aşırı sıcaklar ve orman yangınları gibi sonuçlarıyla boğuşmaktadır. Dahası, iklim değişikliği ile ilgili olarak ortaya çıkan bu doğa olaylarının sayısının ve şiddetinin gelecekte daha da artacağı tahmin edilmektedir. Hemşireler çoğu zaman çevreyle ilgili sağlık etkilerine yanıt veren yerel topluluklarda ön saflarda yer almaktadır. İklim değişikliği ve gezegen sağlığı konusunda liderlik edecek hemşireler yetiştirmek amacıyla bu kritik konulara ilişkin genel bir bakış sağlamak önem arz etmektedir.
Referanslar
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Referanslar
World Health Organization. WHO’s 10 calls for climate action to assure sustained recovery from COVID-19. [Online] https://www.who.int/news/item/11-10-2021-who-s-10-calls-for-climate-action-to-assure-sustained-recovery-from-covid-19 [Accessed: 24 July 2023]
Whitmee S, Haines H, Beyrer C, et al. Safeguarding human health in the Anthropocene epoch: Report of the Rockefeller Foundation-Lancet Commission on planetary health. The Lancet; 2015; 386(10007): 1973-2028. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60901-1
Almond, REA, Grooten, M, Juffe Bignoli, D, Petersen, T (Eds.). Living planet report 2022: Building a nature positive society. [Online]. World Wildlife Foundation; 2022. https://wwflpr.awsassets.panda.org/downloads/lpr_2022_full_report.pdf [Accessed: 29 July 2023]
Lamm, B. How the sixth extinction crisis can be stalled- or even stopped. World Economic Forum; 2023. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2023/02/how-to-stop-sixth-extinction-crisis/ [Accessed: 25 July 2023]
United Nations Environment Programme. Wetlands: The unsung heroes of the planet. [Online] https://www.unep.org/news-and-stories/story/wetlands-unsung-heroes-planet [Accessed: 27 July 2023]
World Health Organization. Billions of people still breathe unhealthy air: New WHO data. 2022. https://www.who.int/news/item/04-04-2022-billions-of-people-still-breathe-unhealthy-air-new-who-data
Ragusa A, Svelato A, Santacroce C, et al. Plasticenta: First evidence of microplastics in human placenta. Environment International; 2021; 146(106274). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.106274
United Nations. Secretary-General warns two thirds of global population could face water-stressed conditions within next decade, in message for International Forests Day. [Online] https://press.un.org/en/2016/sgsm17610.doc.htm#:~:text=By%202025%2C%20nearly%201.8%20billion,carbon%20capture%20and%20storage%20systems. [Accessed: 28 July 2023]
World Health Organization. Climate change and health. [Online]. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/climate-change-and-health [Accessed: 22 July 2023]
Lenton TM, Xu C, Abrams JF, et al. Quantifying the human cost of gobal warming. Nature Sustainability; 2023. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-023-01132-6
Kaneda T, Haub C. How many people have ever lived on Earth? [Online]. Population Reference Bureau; 2022. https://www.prb.org/articles/how-many-people-have-ever-lived-on-earth/ [Accessed: 29 July 2023]
Baede APM, Ahlonsou E, Ding Y, et al. The climate system: An overview. [Online]. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; 2018. https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/03/TAR-01.pdf [Accessed: 29 July 2023]
Steffen W, Richardson K, Rockstrom J, et al. Planetary boundaries: Guiding human development on a changing planet. Science; 2015; 347(6223). doi:10.1126/science.1259855.
Rockstrom J, Gupta,J, Qin D, et al. Safe and just Earth system boundaries. Nature; 2023; 619: 102-111. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06083-8
Horton R, Lo S. Planetary health: A new science for exceptional action. Lancet, 2017; 386: 1921-1922. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ S0140-6736(15)61038-8
UNICEF. Water scarcity. [Online] https://www.unicef.org/wash/water-scarcity [Accessed: 28 July 2023]
Rosa WE, Upvall MJ. The case for a paradigm shift: From global to planetary nursing. Nursing Forum; 2019; 54: 165-170. doi: 10.1111/nuf.12310
Redvers N, Celidwen Y, Schultz C, et al. The determinants of planetary health: An indigenous consensus perspective. The Lancet Planetary Health; 2022; 6(2): e156-e163. doi:10.1016/S2542-5196(21)00354-5
Nitah, S. Indigenous peoples proven to sustain biodiversity and address climate change: Now it’s time to recognize and support this leadership. One Earth; 2021; 4: 907-909. doi:10.1016/j.oneear.2021.06.015
Faerron Guzman CA, Potter T (Eds.). The Planetary Health Education Framework. Planetary Health Alliance; 2021. Doi:10.5822/phef2021. https://www.planetaryhealthalliance.org/education-framework [Accessed: 20 July 2023]
Redvers N, Yellow Bird M, Quinn D, et al. Molecular decolonization: An Indigenous microcosm perspective. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health; 2020; 17(12): 4586. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17124586.
International Council of Nurses. Nursing, climate change and health. [Online] https://www.icn.ch/sites/default/files/inline-files/ICN%20PS%20Nurses%252c%20climate%20change%20and%20health%20FINAL%20.pdf [Accessed: 25 July 2023]
United Nations. Causes and effects of climate change. [Online] https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/science/causes-effects-climate-change [Accessed: 29 July 2023]
Sarkar S, Maity R. Global climate shift in 1970s causes a significant worldwide increase in precipitation. Scientific Reports; 2021; 11(11574). doi:10.1038/s41598-021-90854-8
Boehm S, Schumer C. Big findings from the 2023 IPCC report on climate change. World Resources Institute; 2023. https://www.wri.org/insights/2023-ipcc-ar6-synthesis-report-climate-change-findings [Accessed: 29 July 2023]
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Climate effects on health. [Online] https://www.cdc.gov/climateandhealth/effects/default.htm [Accessed: 29 July 2023]
NASA. What is the greenhouse effect? [Online] https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/19/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect/ [Accessed: 28 July 2023]
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Special report: Global warming of 1.5C summary for policymakers. [Online] https://www.ipcc.ch/sr15/chapter/spm/ [Accessed: 29 July 2023]
Project Drawdown. The Drawdown Review: Climate solutions for a newdecade.[Online] https://drawdown.org/sites/default/files/pdfs/TheDrawdownReview%E2%80%932020%E2%80%93Download.pdf [Accessed: 1 June 2023]
Mailloux NA, Henegan CP, Lsoto D, et al. Climate solutions double as health interventions. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health; 2021; 18(13339). https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/24/13339
Karliner J, Slotterback S, Boy R, et al. Health care’s climate footprint: How the health sector contributes to the global climate crisis and opportunities for action.[Online]. Health Care Without Harm & Arup; 2019. https://noharm-global.org/sites/default/files/documents-files/5961/HealthCaresClimateFootprint_092319.pdf [Accessed: 1 June 2023]
Union of Concerned Scientists. What is climate resilience? [Online]. https://www.ucsusa.org/resources/what-climate-resilience [Accessed: 29 July 2023]
