Fiziksel Açıdan Güçlendirilmesi
Özet
Hemşireler, hasta bakımında önemli rolü olan sağlık profesyonelleridir. Hemşireler genellikle uzun saatler ve vardiyalı sistemde çalışmaktadır. Cerrahi hemşireleri sıklıkla ağır kaldırma, tekrarlayan hareketler, kötü duruş pozisyonu ve uzun süre ayakta kalma gibi fiziksel zorlayıcı streslere maruz kalmaktadır. Cerrahi alan, zorlu, dinamik ve zaman zaman stresli durumların yaşandığı bir ortamdır. Cerrahi hemşirelerinin ameliyat sırasında hassas aletleri doğru bir şekilde kullanmaları, hastaların pozisyonlarını değiştirmeleri, hızlı ve etkili bir şekilde müdahale edebilmeleri için yeterli düzeyde fiziksel güç ve dayanıklılığa ihtiyaçları bulunmaktadır. Cerrahi hemşirelerinin fiziksel gücü ve dayanıklılığı, hasta bakımı ve cerrahi operasyonların başarısı için temel bir unsurdur. Ülkemizde hemşirelerin büyük çoğunluğu herhangi bir vücut bölgesinde kas iskelet sistemi rahatsızlığı yaşayabilmektedir. Cerrahi hemşireleri sıklıkla bel, boyun, omuz, el bileği, diz ve ayak ağrıları yaşamaktadır. Hemşirelerin fiziksel açıdan güç ve dayanıklılıklarının geliştirilmesi, kas-iskelet sistemi yaralanmalarını ve kronik ağrıları azaltabilmektedir. Fiziksel olarak güçlü ve sağlıklı hissetmek, hemşirelerin özgüvenlerini artırmakta, bu da iş tatmini ve motivasyonlarına olumlu yansımaktadır. Cerrahi hemşirelerinin fiziksel güç ve dayanıklılıklarını artırmak için düzenli olarak aerobik, kuvvet ve esneklik egzersizleri yapmaları önerilmektedir. Ayrıca, ergonomi eğitimi ve sağlıklı yaşam alışkanlıklarının teşvik edilmesi, hemşirelerin dayanıklılıklarını artırmada önemli rol oynamaktadır.
Nurses are healthcare professionals who have an essential role in patient care. Nurses often work long hours and in shifts. Surgical nurses are frequently exposed to physically demanding stressors such as heavy lifting, repetitive movements, poor posture, and standing for long periods. The surgical field is a challenging, dynamic, and sometimes stressful environment. Surgical nurses need sufficient physical strength and endurance to use sensitive instruments correctly during surgery, change patients' positions, and intervene quickly and effectively. The physical strength and endurance of surgical nurses are essential to patient care and the success of surgical operations. Most nurses in our country may experience musculoskeletal disorders in any body part. Surgical nurses often experience pain in the waist, neck, shoulder, wrist, knee, and foot. Improving nurses' physical strength and endurance can reduce musculoskeletal injuries and chronic pain. Feeling physically strong and healthy can increase nurses' self-confidence, reflected in their job satisfaction and motivation. It is recommended that surgical nurses regularly perform aerobic, strength, and flexibility exercises to increase their physical strength and endurance. Additionally, ergonomics training and promoting healthy living habits are essential in improving nurses' resilience.
Referanslar
Özşaker E. Ameliyathanede Ergonomik Faktörler ve Çalışan Güvenliği. Sağlık Bilimleri ve Meslekleri Dergisi; 2018;5(3): 476-484. https://doi.org/10.17681/hsp.369138.
Li X, Jiang T, Sun, J, et al. The relationship between occupational stress, job burnout and quality of life among surgical nurses in Xinjiang, China. BMC Nursing; 2021;20: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-021-00703-2
Choi SDA. Review of the Ergonomic Issues in the Laparoscopic Operating Room. Journal of Healthcare Engineering; 2012; 3(4): 587–603. https://doi.org/10.1260/2040-2295.3.4.587.
Mao X, Jia P, Zhang L, Zhao P, Chen Y, Zhang M. An Evaluation of the Effects of Human Factors and Ergonomics on Health Care and Patient Safety Practices: A Systematic Review. PLoSONE; 2015;10(6): 1-19.
Van den Oetelaar WFJM, Van Stel HF, Van Rhenen W, et al. Mapping nurses’ activities in surgical hospital wards: A time study. PLoS One; 2018;13(4): 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0191807.
Munro CL, Hope AA. Improving nurse well-being: the need is urgent and the time is now. American Journal of Critical Care; 2022;31(1): 4-6. https://doi.org/10.4037/ajcc2022603.
Cron SG. The role of statistical analysis in modern nursing research. Research in Nursing & Health; 2020;43(4): 301-301.
Dıraçoğlu D. Sağlık personelinde kas- iskelet sistemi ağrıları. Türkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences; 2006;26: 132-139.
Pınar R. Work- related musculoskeletal disorders in Turkish hospital nurses. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences; 2010;30(6): 1869-1875. https://doi.org/10.5336/medsci.2009-13539.
Sienkiewicz Z. Paszek T. Wronska I. Strain on the Spine Professional Threat to Nurses Health, Medical Scienses; 2007;52: 131-135.
Sundstrup E, Jakobsen MD, Brandt M, et al. Strength training improves fatigue resistance and self-rated health in workers with chronic pain: a randomized controlled trial. BioMed Research International; 2016. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/4137918.
Jakobsen DH, Høgdall C, Seibæk L. Postoperative mobilisation as an indicator for the quality of surgical nursing care. British Journal of Nursing; 2021;30(4): 4-15. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2021.30.4.S4.
Güler T, Yıldız T, Önler E, et al. Hastane Ergonomik Koşullarının Hemşirelerin Mesleki Kas İskelet Sistemi Rahatsızlıkları Üzerine Etkisi. International Anatolia Academic Online Journal Sciences Journal; 2015;3(1): 1-7.
Gül A, Üstündağ H, Kahraman B, et al. Hemşirelerde Kas İskelet Ağrılarının Değerlendirilmesi. Sağlık Bilimleri ve Meslekleri Dergisi. 2014; 1(1): 1-10.
Miao C, Liu C, Zhou Y, et al. Nurses’ perspectives on professional self-concept and its influencing factors: A qualitative study. BMC Nurs; 2024;23: 237. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-024-01834-y.
Robertson M, Ford C. Care of the surgical patient: part 1. British Journal of Nursing; 2020;29(16): 934-939.
Lin SC, Lin LL, Liu CJ, Fang CK, Lin MH. Exploring the factors affecting musculoskeletal disorders risk among hospital nurses. PLoS One;2020;15(4): 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231319.
Kandemir D, Karaman A, Uğraş GA, & Öztekin SD. Ameliyathane Hemşirelerinde Kas İskelet Sistemi Ağrılarının İncelenmesi. Hemşirelikte Eğitim ve Araştırma Dergisi; 2019;16(1).
Sançar B, Taş S, Aktaş D. Hemşirelerde İşe Bağlı Kas-İskelet Sistemi Rahatsızlıklarının Görülme Sıklığı ve Etkileyen Faktörlerin İncelenmesi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Dergisi; 2021;8(2): 231-238. https://doi.org/10.31125/hunhemsire.968925.
Clari M, Godono A, Garzaro G. et al. Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among perioperative nurses: a systematic review and META-analysis. BMC Musculoskelet Disorders; 2021;22: 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-021-04057-3.
June KJ, & Cho SH. Low back pain and work-related factors among nurses in intensive care units. Journal of Clinical Nursing; 2011;20(3-4): 479-487. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2010.03210.x
Da Rocha Vidor C, Mahmud MAI, Farias LF, Silva CA, Ferrari JN, Comel JC, & Stefani MA. Prevalence of musculoskeletal pain among nursing surgery teams. Acta Fisiátrica; 2014;21(1): 6-10. https://doi.org/10.5935/0104-7795.20140002.
Smith DR, Mihashi M, Adachi Y, Koga H, & Ishitake T. A detailed analysis of musculoskeletal disorder risk factors among Japanese nurses. Journal of Safety Research; 2006;37(2): 195-200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2006.01.004.
Palmer KT, Harris EC, & Coggon D. Carpal tunnel syndrome and its relation to occupation: A systematic review. Occupational Medicine, 2003;57(1): 57-66. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kql125.
Yilmaz T, & Isik Andsoy I. Musculoskeletal system disorders among surgical nurses related to the health industry in northwestern Turkey: a cross-sectional study. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2022;28(4): 2119-2124. https://doi.org/10.1080/10803548.2021.1956797
Richardson A, Gurung G, Derrett S, Harcombe H. Perspectives on preventing musculoskeletal injuries in nurses: A qualitative study. Nursing Open; 2019;6(3): 915-929. https://doi.org: 10.1002/nop2.272.
Butler R. Factors related to healthy diet and physical activity in hospital-based clinical nurses. Online Journal of Issues in Nursing; 2014;19(3): 32. https://doi.org/10.3912/OJIN.Vol19No03Man05
Williams MA, Haskell WL, Ades PA, et al. Resistance exercise in individuals with and without cardiovascular disease: 2007 update: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Council on Clinical Cardiology and Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism. Circulation; 2007; 116(5): 572-584. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.185214.
Carpes FP, Reinehr FB, Mota CB. Effects of a program for trunk strength and stability on pain, low back and pelvis kinematics, and body balance: a pilot study. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies; 2008; 12(1): 22-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2007.05.001.
Schlussel AT, Maykel JA. Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Health of the Surgeon. Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery; 2019; 32(6): 424-434. doi: 10.1055/s-0039-1693026.
Tai C, Chen D, Zhang Y. et al. Exploring the influencing factors of patient safety competency of clinical nurses: a cross-sectional study based on latent profile analysis. BMC Nursing; 2024;23: 154. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-024-01817-z.
Nerek A, Wesołowska-Górniak K, Czarkowska-Pączek B. Enhancing feedback by health coaching: the effectiveness of mixed methods approach to long-term physical activity changes in nurses. An intervention study. BMC Nursing; 2024;23: 196. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-024-01815-1.
Stanulewicz N, Knox E, Narayanasamy M. et al. Effectiveness of Lifestyle Health Promotion Interventions for Nurses: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health; 2020;17(1): 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17010017.
Referanslar
Özşaker E. Ameliyathanede Ergonomik Faktörler ve Çalışan Güvenliği. Sağlık Bilimleri ve Meslekleri Dergisi; 2018;5(3): 476-484. https://doi.org/10.17681/hsp.369138.
Li X, Jiang T, Sun, J, et al. The relationship between occupational stress, job burnout and quality of life among surgical nurses in Xinjiang, China. BMC Nursing; 2021;20: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-021-00703-2
Choi SDA. Review of the Ergonomic Issues in the Laparoscopic Operating Room. Journal of Healthcare Engineering; 2012; 3(4): 587–603. https://doi.org/10.1260/2040-2295.3.4.587.
Mao X, Jia P, Zhang L, Zhao P, Chen Y, Zhang M. An Evaluation of the Effects of Human Factors and Ergonomics on Health Care and Patient Safety Practices: A Systematic Review. PLoSONE; 2015;10(6): 1-19.
Van den Oetelaar WFJM, Van Stel HF, Van Rhenen W, et al. Mapping nurses’ activities in surgical hospital wards: A time study. PLoS One; 2018;13(4): 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0191807.
Munro CL, Hope AA. Improving nurse well-being: the need is urgent and the time is now. American Journal of Critical Care; 2022;31(1): 4-6. https://doi.org/10.4037/ajcc2022603.
Cron SG. The role of statistical analysis in modern nursing research. Research in Nursing & Health; 2020;43(4): 301-301.
Dıraçoğlu D. Sağlık personelinde kas- iskelet sistemi ağrıları. Türkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences; 2006;26: 132-139.
Pınar R. Work- related musculoskeletal disorders in Turkish hospital nurses. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences; 2010;30(6): 1869-1875. https://doi.org/10.5336/medsci.2009-13539.
Sienkiewicz Z. Paszek T. Wronska I. Strain on the Spine Professional Threat to Nurses Health, Medical Scienses; 2007;52: 131-135.
Sundstrup E, Jakobsen MD, Brandt M, et al. Strength training improves fatigue resistance and self-rated health in workers with chronic pain: a randomized controlled trial. BioMed Research International; 2016. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/4137918.
Jakobsen DH, Høgdall C, Seibæk L. Postoperative mobilisation as an indicator for the quality of surgical nursing care. British Journal of Nursing; 2021;30(4): 4-15. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2021.30.4.S4.
Güler T, Yıldız T, Önler E, et al. Hastane Ergonomik Koşullarının Hemşirelerin Mesleki Kas İskelet Sistemi Rahatsızlıkları Üzerine Etkisi. International Anatolia Academic Online Journal Sciences Journal; 2015;3(1): 1-7.
Gül A, Üstündağ H, Kahraman B, et al. Hemşirelerde Kas İskelet Ağrılarının Değerlendirilmesi. Sağlık Bilimleri ve Meslekleri Dergisi. 2014; 1(1): 1-10.
Miao C, Liu C, Zhou Y, et al. Nurses’ perspectives on professional self-concept and its influencing factors: A qualitative study. BMC Nurs; 2024;23: 237. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-024-01834-y.
Robertson M, Ford C. Care of the surgical patient: part 1. British Journal of Nursing; 2020;29(16): 934-939.
Lin SC, Lin LL, Liu CJ, Fang CK, Lin MH. Exploring the factors affecting musculoskeletal disorders risk among hospital nurses. PLoS One;2020;15(4): 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231319.
Kandemir D, Karaman A, Uğraş GA, & Öztekin SD. Ameliyathane Hemşirelerinde Kas İskelet Sistemi Ağrılarının İncelenmesi. Hemşirelikte Eğitim ve Araştırma Dergisi; 2019;16(1).
Sançar B, Taş S, Aktaş D. Hemşirelerde İşe Bağlı Kas-İskelet Sistemi Rahatsızlıklarının Görülme Sıklığı ve Etkileyen Faktörlerin İncelenmesi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Dergisi; 2021;8(2): 231-238. https://doi.org/10.31125/hunhemsire.968925.
Clari M, Godono A, Garzaro G. et al. Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among perioperative nurses: a systematic review and META-analysis. BMC Musculoskelet Disorders; 2021;22: 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-021-04057-3.
June KJ, & Cho SH. Low back pain and work-related factors among nurses in intensive care units. Journal of Clinical Nursing; 2011;20(3-4): 479-487. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2010.03210.x
Da Rocha Vidor C, Mahmud MAI, Farias LF, Silva CA, Ferrari JN, Comel JC, & Stefani MA. Prevalence of musculoskeletal pain among nursing surgery teams. Acta Fisiátrica; 2014;21(1): 6-10. https://doi.org/10.5935/0104-7795.20140002.
Smith DR, Mihashi M, Adachi Y, Koga H, & Ishitake T. A detailed analysis of musculoskeletal disorder risk factors among Japanese nurses. Journal of Safety Research; 2006;37(2): 195-200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2006.01.004.
Palmer KT, Harris EC, & Coggon D. Carpal tunnel syndrome and its relation to occupation: A systematic review. Occupational Medicine, 2003;57(1): 57-66. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kql125.
Yilmaz T, & Isik Andsoy I. Musculoskeletal system disorders among surgical nurses related to the health industry in northwestern Turkey: a cross-sectional study. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2022;28(4): 2119-2124. https://doi.org/10.1080/10803548.2021.1956797
Richardson A, Gurung G, Derrett S, Harcombe H. Perspectives on preventing musculoskeletal injuries in nurses: A qualitative study. Nursing Open; 2019;6(3): 915-929. https://doi.org: 10.1002/nop2.272.
Butler R. Factors related to healthy diet and physical activity in hospital-based clinical nurses. Online Journal of Issues in Nursing; 2014;19(3): 32. https://doi.org/10.3912/OJIN.Vol19No03Man05
Williams MA, Haskell WL, Ades PA, et al. Resistance exercise in individuals with and without cardiovascular disease: 2007 update: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Council on Clinical Cardiology and Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism. Circulation; 2007; 116(5): 572-584. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.185214.
Carpes FP, Reinehr FB, Mota CB. Effects of a program for trunk strength and stability on pain, low back and pelvis kinematics, and body balance: a pilot study. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies; 2008; 12(1): 22-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2007.05.001.
Schlussel AT, Maykel JA. Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Health of the Surgeon. Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery; 2019; 32(6): 424-434. doi: 10.1055/s-0039-1693026.
Tai C, Chen D, Zhang Y. et al. Exploring the influencing factors of patient safety competency of clinical nurses: a cross-sectional study based on latent profile analysis. BMC Nursing; 2024;23: 154. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-024-01817-z.
Nerek A, Wesołowska-Górniak K, Czarkowska-Pączek B. Enhancing feedback by health coaching: the effectiveness of mixed methods approach to long-term physical activity changes in nurses. An intervention study. BMC Nursing; 2024;23: 196. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-024-01815-1.
Stanulewicz N, Knox E, Narayanasamy M. et al. Effectiveness of Lifestyle Health Promotion Interventions for Nurses: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health; 2020;17(1): 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17010017.
