Kadın Sağlığında Geleneksel ve Tamamlayıcı Tıp
Özet
Kadınlar yaşam süresi boyunca erkeklerden farklı bir yaşam döngüsünden geçmektedir. Bu yaşam döngüsü içinde kadınlar; cinsiyete özgü çok sayıda risk ve hastalığa maruz kalmaktadır. Kadın sağlığı sorunlarının halk sağlığı açısından önemi gittikçe artmaktadır. Kadın sağlığının korunması ve sürdürülmesinde önemli bir yeri olan geleneksel ve tamamlayıcı tıp (GETAT) kullanımı çok uzun yıllardır tercih edilmektedir. GETAT yöntemleri, kullanım kolaylığı, ulaşılabilirliği ve uygun maliyetli olmaları nedeni ile kadın sağlığının birçok alanında kullanılmaktadır. Özellikle son yıllarda kadın sağlığı alanında GETAT yöntemleri büyük ilgi görmektedir. GETAT yöntemlerinin birçok obstetrik (gebelik, doğum ve doğum sonu dönem problemleri) ve jinekolojik hastalıkların (menopozal semptomlar, infertilite, jinekolojik kanserler, meme kanseri, primer dismenore, premenstrual sendrom vb) tedavisinde kullanılmaları kadın sağlığı açısından önemini ortaya koymaktadır. İnsanları bu yöntemlerin zararlı etkilerinden korumak ve yetkisiz kullanımların önüne geçmek amacıyla Türkiye’de ve dünyada çeşitli düzenlemeler yapılmıştır. Türkiye’de en son 27 Ekim 2014 tarihli “Geleneksel ve Tamamlayıcı Tıp Uygulamaları Yönetmeliği” yayınlanmıştır. Bu yönetmelikte; akupunktur, apiterapi, fitoterapi, hipnoz, sülük uygulaması, homeopati, kayropraktik, kupa uygulaması (hacamat), larva uygulaması, mezoterapi, proloterapi, osteopati, ozon terapi, refleksoloji ve müzik terapi olmak üzere toplam 15 yöntem kabul görmüştür. Kadın sağlığı alanında tercih edilen GETAT kullanımı hakkında hemşireler bakım verdikleri kadınları düzenli olarak değerlendirmeli, kadınlara güvenli GETAT kullanımı hakkında eğitim ve danışmanlık vermelidir. GETAT’ın etkileri ve yan etkileri konusunda halka yönelik eğitimler verilmesi konusunda hemşireler kilit rol oynamaktadır.
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Referanslar
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Anago AD, Segbo JAG, Gnangnon F, et al. Current perspectives in the use of phytotherapy for the treatment of breast cancer. ESI Preprints. 2023;15:156-156.doi:10.19044/esipreprint.3.2023.p156
Arpacı, O. Sağlık Bakanlığı tarafından kabul edilen geleneksel ve tamamlayıcı tıp uygulamaları ve bunların hukuka uygunluğunun değerlendirilmesi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi. 2021;23:1245-1307. doi:10.33717/deuhfd.998230
Asama T, Matsuzaki H, Fukushima S, et al. Royal jelly supplementation improves menopausal symptoms such as backache, low back pain, and anxiety in postmenopausal Japanese women. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2018;1-7. doi:10.1155/2018/4868412
Bahrami A, Zarban A, Rezapour, H, et al. Effects of curcumin on menstrual pattern, premenstrual syndrome, and dysmenorrhea: a triple‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial. Phytotherapy Research. 2021;35(12):6954-6962. doi:10.1002/ptr.7314
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Baljon K, Romli MH, Ismail AH, et al. Effectiveness of breathing exercises, foot reflexology and massage (BRM) on maternal and newborn outcomes among primigravidae in Saudi Arabia: a randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Women's Health. 2022;279-295. doi:10.2147/IJWH.S347971
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Correia MLA, Peixoto Filho FM, Gomes Júnior SC et al. Influence of osteopathic manipulative treatment on the quality of life and the ıntensity of lumbopelvic pain in pregnant women in the third trimester: a prospective observational study. Healthcare. 2023;11(18):2538. doi:10.3390/healthcare11182538
Çayır Y, Çınar Tanrıverdi E. Kadın sağlığı ve hastalıklarında akupunktur. Dicle Tıp Dergisi. 2022;49(1):256-263. doi:10.5798/dicletip.1086426
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Çiftçi MM, Çiftçi, N. (2023). Bir manuel tedavi yöntemi: osteopati. Anadolu Tıbbi Dergisi. 2023;2(1):10-14.
Çuvadar A. (2022). Menopozal semptomlar ve refleksoloji. Sağlık Profesyonelleri Araştırma Dergisi. 2022;4(2):116-120.
Dağlı E, Çelik N. The effect of oxytocin massage and music on breast milk production and anxiety level of the mothers of premature infants who are in the neonatal intensive care unit: A self-controlled trial. Health Care for Women International. 2021;43(5):465-478. doi:10.1080/07399332.2021.1947286
Erdemoğlu Ç, Aksoy Derya Y. The effect of hypnofertility on fertility preparedness, stress, and coping with stress in women having in vitro fertilization: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology. 2022;1-12. doi:10.1080/02646838.2022.2156488
Estrella‐Juarez F, Requena‐Mullor M, Garcia‐Gonzalez J, et al. Effect of virtual reality and music therapy on the physiologic parameters of pregnant women and fetuses and on anxiety levels: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health. 2023;68(1):35-43. doi:10.1111/jmwh.13413
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